Oregon State University, LANDSCAPE PLANTS, Vol. 3
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Landscape Plants
Images, Identification, and Information
Volume 3  Copyright ©, Oregon State University,  1999-2013 
      Trying to identify a woody plant?  See the new woody plant data base.

This is Volume 3 of Oregon State University's Landscape Plants web site.   Landscape plants (mostly woody, i.e., shrubs and trees) in this volume are listed in alphabetical order by genus, from P (Pachysandra) through Z (Zelkova).  From the list below select a letter which corresponds to the first letter of the genus you wish to view or, if listed, the genus itself (or search the Common Name List).
First letter of genus (or a Genus itself)
 Volume 1  
A  Abelia  Abeliophyllum  Abies  Acca  Acer  Actinidia  Adansonia  Adenium
  Adenocarpus  Aesculus  Ailanthus  Akebia  Albizia  Alnus  Amelanchier  Amorpha
  Ampelopsis  Andromeda  Aralia  Araucaria  Arbutus  Arctostaphylos  Ardisis  Aronia
  Artemisia  Asimina  Atriplex  Aucuba  Azadirachta  Azara

  B  Baccharis  Bauhinia  Berberis  Betula  Brachyglottis   Buddleia  Bumelia  Buxus

  C  Callicarpa  Calluna  Calocedrus  Calycanthus   Camellia  Campsis  Caragana
  Carissa  Carnegiea  Carpenteria  Carpinus  Carya  Caryopteris  Castanea  Catalpa
  Cathaya  Ceanothus  Cedrus  Celastrus  Celtis  Cephalanthus  Cephalotaxus  Ceratonia
  Cercidiphyllum  Cercidium  Cercis  Cercocarpus  Chaenomeles  Chamaebatiaria
  Chamaecyparis  Chilopsis  Chimonanthus  Chionanthus
  ×Chitalpa  Choisya  Chrysolepis  Chrysothamnus
  Cinnamomum  Cistus  Cladrastis  Clematis  Clerodendrum  Clethra
  Coleogyne  Cornus  Corylopsis  Corylus  Cotinus  Cotoneaster  Crataegus
  Cryptomeria  Cunninghamia  ×Cupressocyparisa  Cupressus  Cydonia  Cytisus

  D  Daboecia  Daphne  Daphniphyllum  Dasiphora  Davidia
  Deutzia  Diospyros  Dirca  Disanthus  Drimys

  E  Edgeworthia  Elaeagnus  Encelia  Enkianthus  Ephedra  Erica  Eriobotrya
  Escallonia  Eucalyptus  Eucommia  Euonymus  Evodia  Exochorda
 Volume 2  
F  Fagus  ×Fatshedera  Fatsia  Feijoa  Ficus  Firmiana  Fontanesia  Forsythia
  Fouquieria  Fothergilla  Fragaria  Franklinia  Fraxinus  Fremontodendron  Fuchsia

  G  Garrya  Gaultheria  Genista  Ginkgo  Gleditsia  Grevillea  Gymnocladus

  H  Hakea  Halesia  Hamamelis  Hebe  Hedera  Heptacodium
  Heteromeles  Hibiscus  Hippophae  Holodiscus  Hovenia  Hydrangea  Hypericum

  I  Iberis  Idesia  Ilex  Illicium  Itea

  J  Jasminum  Juglans  Juniperus

  K  Kalmia  Kalopanax  Kerria  Kniphofia  Koelreuteria  Kolkwitzia

  L  Laburnum  Lagerstroemia  Larix  Larrea  Laurus  Lavatera  Leucothoe  Leycesteria
  Ligustrum  Lindera  Liquidambar  Liriodendron  Lithocarpus  Lithodora
  Lonicera  Loropetalum  Luma

  M  Maackia  Maclura  Magnolia  Mahonia  Malus  Manglietia  Maytenus
  Melaleuca  Menziesia  Metasequoia  Microbiota  Microcachrys
  Mitchella  Morus  Myrica  Myrtus

  N  Nandina  Neviusia  Nothofagus  Nyssa

  O  Oemleria  Olea  Olearia  Oplopanaxa  Osmanthus  Ostrya  Oxalis  Oxydendrum
 Volume 3
current

P  Pachysandra  Paeonia  Parakmeria  Parrotia  Parrotiopsis
  Parthenocissus  Passiflora  Paulownia  Paxistima  Phellodendron  Philadelphus
  Phillyrea  Photinia  Physocarpus  Picea  Pieris  Pinus  Pistacia
  Pittosporum  Platanus  Platycarya  Podocarpus  Polygonum  Polystichum
  Poncirus  Populus  Potentilla  Prumnopitys  Prunus  Pseudolarix  Pseudotsuga
  Ptelea  Pterocarya  Pterostyrax  Punica  Purshia  Pyracantha  Pyrus

  Q  Quercus  Quillaja

  R  Rhamnus  Rhaphiolepis  Rhododendron  Rhodotypos  Rhus  Ribes
  Robinia  Rosa  Rosmarinus  Rubus

  S  Salix  Sambucus  Santolina  Sapindus  Sarcococca  Sassafras   Sciadopitys
  Sequoia  Sequoiadendron  Shepherdia  Sideroxylon  Simmondsia  Skimmia  Sophora
  Sorbus  Spiraea  Stachyurus  Stewartia  Styrax  Symphoricarpos  Symplocos  Syringa

  T  Taiwania  Tamarix  Taxodium  Taxus  Ternstroemia  Tetradium  Thevetia
  Thuja  Thujopsis  Tibouchina  Tilia  Toona  Trachelospermum  Trachycarpus  Tsuga

  U  Ulex  Ulmus  Umbellularia

  V  Vaccinium  Vancouveria  Viburnum  Vinca  Vitex  Vitis

  W  Waldsteinia  Washingtonia  Weigela  Widdringtonia  Wisteria  Wollemia

  X  Xanthocyparis      Y  Yucca      Z  Zanthoxylum  Zelkova  Ziziphus
Some additional items:
Pachistima  see Paxistima
Pachysandra       Buxaceae
Spurge, Pachysandra        pak-i-SAN-dra
Four species of evergreen or semi-evergreen herbaceous perennials or subshrubs.  Form mat-like or mounding clumps of fleshy, rhizome-like stems, with deep green leaves in whorls of 2-4 at the tips.  Thrive in dry shade.  Native to China, Japan, and southeastern U.S. (P. procumbens).
Pachysandra: from pachys, thick, and andros, male, referring to thick stamens (male flower parts).
  • Pachysandra procumbens      [Allegheny Pachysandra]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (info)
  • Pachysandra terminalis      [Pachysandra, Japanese Spurge]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leaves and flower buds)  (flowers and leaves)  (flower cluster)  (info)
    • Paeonia       Paeoniaceae
    Peony       pay-ON-ee-a
    Over 30 species of clump-forming herbaceous perennials (most) and deciduous, sometimes suckering shrubs or subshrubs (tree peonies).  Leaves alternate, compound, and leaflets usually are toothed or lobed.  Flowers are generally large, showy, sometimes fragrant.  Native range from Europe to eastern Asia, two species are found in western North America (P. brownii and P. californica).
    Paeonia: from the Greek name paionia, meaning Paion, physician to the gods in mythology.
  • See Paeonia officinalis  Common Peony    Volume 4: Herbaceous Ornamental Plants
  • Paeonia lutea ssp. ludlowii      [Tibetan Peony]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers and leaves)  (flower)  (info)
  • Paeonia suffruticosa      [Tree Peony]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers)  (flower)
          (flower)  (open flower)  (leaflets)  (fruit)  (info)


    •    Some Chinese cultivars of Paeonia suffruticosa, some may be hybrids: (English names found in catalogs)
          
    ‘Bai he wo xue’
    'Swan Sleeps in Snow'
    		              
    ‘Chun hong jiao yan’
    'Glamorous Spring Red'
    		       
    ‘Da zong zi’
    'Big Deep Purple'
                                
                         
    ‘Kun shan ye guang’
    'Night Glow on Sacred Mountain'
    		       
                 
    ‘Shu nu zhiang’
    'Maiden Dressed Fair'
    		       
    ‘Wu long peng sheng’
    'Black Dragon Holding Prosperous Bloom'
    		       
    ‘Yu hou feng guang’
    'Charming Scenery after Rain'
          
    ‘Ying ri hong’
    'Red Welcoming the Sun'
    		              
    ‘Zi lan kui’
    'Grand Duke in Purple and Blue'
    		       
    ‘Zhu sha lei’
    'Cinnabar Ramparts'
    Parakmeria       Magnoliaceae
          
    Five or so species of evergreen trees.  Buds terminal, young leaves not folded.  Leaves semitransparent, blade extends down the petiole (decurrent), margin entire.  Flowers terminal, solitary, 9-12 petals (tepals), 3 outer petals almost leathery.  Produces male and bisexual flowers on separate plants.  Fruit ellipsoid to obovoid, mature carpels woody, 1 or 2 red or yellow seeds per carpel.  Native to southwestern and southeastern China.
    Parakmeria:
  • Parakmeria lotungensis      [Eastern Joy Lotus Tree]      Common Name List
          (plant habit and leaves)  (info)
      Parkinsonia    see  Cercidium
    Parrotia       Hamamelidaceae   (Witch Hazel Family)
    Persian Parrotia, Persian Ironwood, Irontree       par-RO-ti-a
    A single species, a slow growing tree (see below).  Native to northern Iran.
    Parrotia: after F.W. Parrot (1792-1841), a German naturalist and professor of medicine.
  • Parrotia persica      [Persian Parrotia, Persian Ironwood]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, early spring flowering)  (flowers)  (flowers at pollination)  (plant habit, summer)
          (leaves and flower remnants)  (leaves)  (leaf and margin)  (fruit)  (plant habit, late summer)
          (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (trunks, bark)  (trunks, bark)  (winter twigs, buds)  (info)
    • Parrotiopsis       Hamamelidaceae   (Witch Hazel Family)
          par-ro-ti-OP-sis
    A single species in this genus (see below).  Native to the Himalayas.
    Parrotiopsis: from Parrotia and the Greek opsis, indicating resemblance.
  • Parrotiopsis jacquemontiana      
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers)  (bark)  (buds, winter)  (info)
    • Parthenocissus       Vitaceae   (Grape Family)
    Virginia Creeper       par-then-o-SIS-us
    About 10 species of deciduous woody vines with tendrils that are often tipped with adhesive disks.  Leaves alternate, simple or compound (palmate).  Flowers small, bisexual or unisexual, 4-5 petals, stamens short and erect, in clusters.  Native to North America, east Asia, and Hymalaya.
    Parthenocissus: from the Greek parthenos, virgin, and kissos, ivy.
  • Parthenocissus quinquefolia      [Virginia Creeper]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leaf, summer)  (leaves and immature fruit)  (leaves and fruit)
          (plant habit, fall)  (plant habit in a woods, fall)  (leaves and fruit, fall)  (leaf, fall)  (info)
  • Parthenocissus tricuspidata      [Boston Ivy, Japanese Parthenocissus]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, summer)  (leaves, summer)  (leaves and immature fruit)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)
          (plant habit, late fall)  (leaf, late fall)  (fruit on wall, winter)  (info)
    • Passiflora       Passifloraceae
    Passion Flower       pa-si-FLO-ra
    A large genus with some 500 species of herbaceous perennials and vines, often climbing by tendrils, as well as shrubs or small trees.  Stems often angular.  Leaves alternate, extremely variable, but often 3-5 lobed, petioles variable in length, frequently with 2-8 stalked glands.  Flowers usually singular, calyx tubular, 5 sepals, 5 petals (or absent), with a ring of filaments in several rows, 5 stamens.  Fruit is often a juicy many-seeded berry, from pea-sized to as large as a small melon.  Native to tropical Americans, Asia, Australia, and Polynesia.
    Passiflora: a reference to the Passion of Christ, the parts of the flower have been compared to aspects of the crucifixion of Christ.
  • Passiflora caerulea       [Blue Passion Flower]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers)  (bud, flower, and fruit)  (leaves)  (info)
    •   Some small visitors (residents?) on tour of The Oregon Garden in Silverton, Oregon
    Paulownia       Scrophulariaceae
          paw-LO-nee-a
    About 17 species of tall, deciduous trees, having thick branches without terminal buds.  Leaves opposite, usually large, cordate (heart-shaped) at the base, entire or 3-5 lobed, often pubescent, especially below.  Flowers appearing before leaves, corolla tube elongated, widening at the apex, violet to white, calyx deeply 5 parted, 4 stamens.  Fruit a leathery capsule with many small winged seeds.  Native to eastern Asia.
    Paulownia: after Anna Paulowna (1795-1865), daughter of Paul I, Tsar of Russia, princess of the Netherlands.
  • Paulownia tomentosa       [Empress Tree, Royal Paulownia]      Common Name List
          (flower buds (winter) and emerging flowers (spring))  (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)
          (flowering branches)  (flower clusters)  (flower)  (leaf, flower, fruit)  (plant habit, summer)  (leaves)
          (leaves and maturing fruit)  (plant habit, late summer)  (fruit and leaves, late summer)  (plant habit, fall)
          (plant habit, winter)  (fruit, winter)  (open fruit clusters, winter)  (fruit and seeds)
          (fruit and immature flower clusters, winter)  (trunk, bark)  (winter twigs, buds)  (info)
    • Paxistima (Pachistima)       Celastraceae
    Mountain Lover       paks-ISS-ti-ma
    Two species of dwarf evergreen shrubs, twigs 4-angled, corky, and finely warted.  Leaves opposite, densely arranged, small, entire or finely serrate.  Flowers inconspicuous, green or reddish.  Fruit is a leathery capsule.  Native to North America.
    Paxistima: from the Greek pachy, thick, and stimga.
  • Paxistima canbyi    [Mountain Lover, Cliff Green]    Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (leafy shoots)  (shoot tips)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Paxistima myrtifolia    [Oregon Boxwood, Mountain Lover]  Native List  Common Name List
          (plant habit, in forest)  (plant habit)  (foliage)  (leafy shoot)  (leafy shoots with buds)  (info)
  • Pernettya mucronata   [Chilean Pernettya]  see Gaultheria mucronata
    • Phellodendron       Rutaceae
          fel-o-DEN-dron
    About 10 species of deciduous tall trees; bark is frequently thick and corky.  Winter buds are enclosed by the base of the petiole.  Leaves opposite, compound (pinnate).  Flowers small, dioecious, yellow tinged with green, sepals and petals 5-8.  Fruit a globose, pea-sized black drupe.  Native to temperate and tropical eastern Asia.
    Phellodendron: from Greek, phellos, cork, and denderon, tree, a reference to the corky bark of some species.
  • Phellodendron amurense       [Amur Corktree]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (plant habit, older tree)  (leafy branch)  (leaf and enclosed bud)
          (leaf, comparison)  (flowering branches (male), summer)  (male flower cluster and flowers)
          (female flowers)  (immature fruit and leaflets)  (leaves and fruit, summer)  (plant habit, fall)
          (leaves and fruit, fall)  (fruit and leaves, early winter)  (trunk, bark)  (winter twigs and buds)  (info)
  • Phellodendron chinensis      [Chinese Corktree, Chinese Phellodendron]     Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leaves and developing fruit)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Phellodendron His Majesty™     [His Majesty Corktree]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leaf)  (leaves)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Phellodendron sachalinense      [Sakhalin Corktree, Sakalin Phellodendron]     Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leaves and developing fruit)  (info)
    Philadelphus       Hyrangeaceae (Philadelphaceae)
    Mockorange       fil-a-DEL-fus
    Some 60 species of, usually deciduous, shrubs with peeling bark.  Axillary buds may be exposed or hidden within the base of the petiole.  Leaves usually simple and opposite.  Flowers in solitary or in clusters, usually strongly fragrant, 4 sepals and 4 petals, numerous statmens.  Fruit a capsule with many seeds.  Native to North and Central America, Caucasus, Himalaya, China, and eastern Asia.
    Philadelphus: Greek word meaning brothery love; or after Ptolemy Philadelphus (ruled 285-246 BC), a patron of the arts and sciences.
  • Philadelphus × ‘Buckley's Quill’        [Buckley's Quill Mockorange]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowering branch)  (info)
  • Philadelphus lewisii    [Wild Mockorange, Lewis Mockorange]  Native List  Common Name List
          (in habitat, flowering)  (landscape plant habit, flowering)  (leaves and flower buds)  (leaf)  (flowering branch)
          (flowering branch)  (flowers)  (developing fruit)  (plant habit, fall)  (foliage, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (info)
  • Philadelphus × virginalis        [Virginal Mockorange]     Common Name List
          (info)

      Two cultivars of the Virginalis Group (Philadelphus × virginalis):
    Phillyrea       Oleaceae
          fil-LY-ree-uh
    A genus with 4 species of evergreen shrubs or small trees.  Leaves opposite, simple, linear to ovate-elliptic, yellow-green to dark green.  Flowers 4-lobed, white, in axillary clusters.  Fruit blue-black, spherical or ovoid.  Native to the Mediterranean and southwest Asia.  Closely related to Osmanthus.
    Phillyrea: the classic Greek name, apparently derived from a non-Greek name.
  • Phillyrea latifolia      [Mock Privet]     Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Phlox subulata      [Moss Pink, Moss Phlox]      Common Name List
        (plant habit, flowering)  (two cultivars, flowering)  (flowers and leaves)  (info)
    • Photinia       Rosaceae
    Photinia, Christmas Berry       fo-TIN-ee-a
    About 60 species of deciduous and evergreen trees and shrubs   Leaves simple, alternate, entire to small toothed, short petiole, leaf-like stipules.  Flowers in clusters (panicle or corymb), usually white, 5 petals, 5 sepals which persist on the fruit.
    Photinia: from the Greek photeinos, shining, a reference to the glossy leaves.
  • Photinia davidiana   (aka Stranvaesia davidiana)   [Chinese Stranvaesia]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (new leaves and previous season's fruit)  (new leaves)  (leaves)  (leaf)
          (leaves, comparison)  (leaves and immature fruit)  (plant habit, fruiting)  (fruiting branches)  (info)


    •   A selection of Photinia davidiana:
  • Photinia × fraseri      [Fraser Photinia]     Common Name List
          (mature leaves and new growth, early spring)  (new leaves)  (plant habit, spring)
          (leaves, spring)  (plant habit, flowering);  (flower cluster and flowers)
          (mature leaves)  (fruit cluster)  (info)


    •   A variegated selection of Photinia × fraseri:
  • Photinia glabra       [Japanese Photinia]      Common Name List
          (plant habit (pruned), spring)  (new leaves)  (leaf)  (plant habit, flowering)
          (flowers, fruit and leaves)  (plant habit (pruned), summer)  (leaves, summer)
          (info)
  • Photinia serratifolia   (formerly Photinia serrulata)    [Chinese Photinia]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leaves and bud)  (leaves)  (new leaves and start of flowering)
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)  (fruit and leaves)  (info)
    •     Leaves of some Photinia, a comparison
                (leaves, spring)    (leaves, summer)
  • Photinia villosa       [Oriental Photinia]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, fall)  (fruiting branches, fall)  (leaves and fruit, fall)  (info)
    Physocarpus       Rosaceae
    Ninebark       fi-so-KAR-pus
    Some 6-11 species of deciduous shrubs (spirea-like), tall, exfoliating bark.  Leaves alternate, simple, usually 3-lobed, conspicuous stipules soon abscising.  Flowers in terminal clusters (corymbs), white, calyx 5-lobed, 5 petals, numerous stamens, 1-5 carpels, usually 5.  Fruit is a small follicle which bursts open at both seams.  Nearly all species are native to North America, one (P. amurensis) is found in Manchuria and Korea.
    Physocarpus: from the Greek physa, bladder, and karpon, a fruit, a reference to the small, bladder-like fruit.
  • Physocarpus capitatus   [Western Ninebark, Pacific Ninebark]  Native List   Common Name List
          (plant habit, small plants)  (young leaves)  (leaves and flower (bud) clusters)  (opening flowers)
          (flower and fruit cluster)  (fruit cluster and fruit)  (plant habit, summer)  (foliage)  (leaf)  (fruit cluster and leaves)
          (leaves, late summer)  (fruit cluster, late summer)  (in habitat, fall)  (leaf, fall)  (info)
  • Physocarpus malvaceus   [Mallow Ninebark]  Native List   Common Name List
          (info)
  • Physocarpus opulifolius   [Common Ninebark, Eastern Ninebark]    Common Name List
          (leaves and flowers)  (info)

      Four cultivars of Physocarpus opulifolius:
    Picea       Pinaceae
    Spruce       PI-see-a
    Conifer, evergreen, generally tall and symmetrical, usually pyramidal or conical.  Nearly 40 species in the genus, mostly confined to colder regions in the Northern Hemisphere.  A peg-like stalk supports each leaf (needle) and they remain when leaves fall; needles usually 4-sided, sometimes flat.  Cones mostly hanging.  Many cultivars occur within some species, e.g., P. abies, P. glauca, P. pungens.
    Picea: an ancient Latin word for the spruces, derived from pix, a word for pitch.
    Remember:
        Fir          flat needles (usually) and friendly (to the touch, usually, but Spanish Fir is sharp pointed)
        Spruce    sharp, square (needles in cross-section, usually)
        Pine         in packages (needles in groups of 2, 3, 5, rarely one)
  • Picea abies      [Norway Spruce]     Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (large branch)  (branches and cone)  (branchlets)  (branchlet and needles)
          (female and male cones, spring)  (immature and mature cones)  (mature cones, winter)
          (branchlets and cones)  (trunk, bark)  (info)


    •   A few selections of Picea abies:
  • Picea asperata        [Dragon Spruce]     Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (branchlets and needles)  (info)
  • Picea breweriana    [Brewer Spruce]  Native List  Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (branchlets and cones)  (needles)  (info)
  • Picea engelmannii    [Engelmann Spruce]  Native List  Common Name List
          (plant habit, in habitat)  (plant habit, in habitat)  (plant habit)  (foliage)  (branch)  (branchlets)
          (branchlet, different trees)  (branchlet)  (needles)  (needles and buds)  (needles)  (stems)
          (immature cones)  (developing cones)  (needles and mature cone)  (mature cone)  (trunk, bark)
          (info)
         (Branchlets), comparison of Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii) and Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis)
  • Picea gemmata   (syn. Picea retroflexa)   [Szechwan Spruce]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (branchlets, needles)  (cones)  (info)
  • Picea glauca      [White Spruce, Canadian Spruce]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (shoots)  (branches and cones)  (shoots and cone)  (info)


    •   Selections of Picea glauca, ‘Conica’ is very common:
  • Picea koyamai      [Koyama's Spruce]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (branch)  (branchlet)  (branchlet)  (needles)  (immature cone and branchlets)
          (mature cone and branchlets)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Picea mariana      [Black Spruce]     Common Name List
          (info)

      A selection of Picea mariana:
  • Picea omorika      [Serbian Spruce]     Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (branches and emerging needles)  (branches)  (branchlets)  (needles)
          (needles)  (trunk, bark)  (info)


    •   A few selections of Picea ormorika:
  • Picea orientalis      [Oriental Spruce]      Common Name List
          (plant habit and branches with cones)  (branchlets and cones)  (needles)  (trunk, bark)  (info)


    •    Three cultivars of Picea orientalis:
  • Picea pungens      [Colorado Spruce]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (branchlets, needles)  (needles)  (bud)  (twigs, 1 and 2 years-old)  (cone and cone scales)
          (trunk, bark)  (info)

       The form commonly used in landscapes:

  • Picea pungens var. glauca      [Colorado Blue Spruce]     Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (newer and older branches)  (new branchlets)   (branchlets)   (branchlets)
          (needles)  (branch with cones)  (cones and seeds)  (info)


    •    A few upright cultivars of Picea pungens var. glauca:          Prostrate and weeping cultivars of Picea pungens var. glauca:
  • Picea rubens   [Red Spruce]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (cone ladened crown)  (branch with cones)  (branchlets and cones)
          (branchlet, needles)  (underside of branchlets, needles)  (info)
  • Picea sitchensis   [Sitka Spruce]  Native List   Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (large branch)  (branchlets)  (branchlets and cones)  (needles, upper and lower sides)
          (shoots, comparison with P. punges var. glauca)  (developing cones, spring)  (seed cones, mature)
          (shoots with adelgid damage)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
    •      (Branchlets), comparison of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis) and Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii)
  • Picea wilsonii   [Wilson's Spruce]    Common Name List
          (plant habit, young tree)  (plant habit)  (branch with spent male cones)  (branch with seed cones)
          (open cone and needles)  (branchlet, needles)  (needles)  (info)
    • Pieris       Ericaceae
          pi-ER-is, PEE-e-ris
    About 7 species of broad-leaved evergreen shrubs, small trees, and vines.  New growth often tinged red or bronze.  Leaves alternate, entire or serrate, leathery.  Flowers often in erect or drooping clusters, corolla white, pitcher-shaped, 5-lobed, 10 stamens.  Native to eastern U.S., West Indies, eastern Asia and Himalaya.
    Pieris: from Pierides a name of the Muses, the nine sister goddesses of Greek mythology presiding over the arts and sciences.
  • Pieris formosa var. forrestii      [Chinese Pieris, Himalaya Pieris]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, winter)  (leaves and flower buds)  (plant habit, flowering, spring)
          (new growth and flowers)  (flower clusters)  (info)
  • Pieris japonica      [Japanese Pieris]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters and leaves)
          (flower clusters, red)  (new growth and flower clusters)  (flower cluster and new leaves)
          (expanding leaves)  (leaves and fruit)  (info)


    •    A few selections of Pieris japonica:
    Pinus       Pinaceae
    Pine       PI-nus, PEE-nus
    Conifer, evergreen of various heights, tall to rather shrubby. Adult leaves (needles) borne in clusters of 2, 3, or 5; persist for 2 or more years. Cones variable in outline, may remain on the tree for several years. Approximately 110 species in the genus, nearly all in the Northern Hemisphere.
    Pinus: the Latin name.
    Remember:
        Fir          flat needles (usually) and friendly (to the touch, usually, but Spanish Fir is sharp pointed)
        Spruce    sharp, square (needles in cross-section, usually)
        Pine         in packages (needles in groups of 2, 3, 5, rarely one)
  • Pinus albicaulis    [Whitebark Pine]   Native List   Common Name List
          (in habitat)  (branches)  (leaves (needles) and cones)  (cones)
          (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Pinus aristata      [Bristlecone Pine]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (branches)  (branch with cone and needles)  (branch and needles)
          (male pollen cones)  (female flower and immature seed cone)  (mature seed cones)
          (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Pinus attenuata    [Knobcone Pine]   Native List   Common Name List
          (plant habit, young tree, spring)  (shoot tips, spring)  (plant habit, mature tree)
          (branch with needles and cones)  (cones attachment)  (needles and cones)  (cones)
          (branches)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Pinus banksiana       [Jack Pine]       Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (needles and cones)  (cones, peresistent and opened)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Pinus bungeana       [Lacebark Pine]       Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (leafy branches)  (needles)  (needles)
          (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Pinus canariensis       [Canary Island Pine]        Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leafy branches)  (pollen cones and needles)  (needle clusters)  (cones)
          (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Pinus cembra      [Swiss Stone Pine]       Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (info)

  • Pinus contorta var. contorta   [Shore Pine]  Native List   Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (branches and cones)  (branch: needles and cones)
          (needles)  (trunk, bark)  (trunk, pitch)  (info)

  • Pinus contorta var. latifolia   [Lodgepole Pine]  Native List  Common Name List
          (plant habit, native habitat)  (plant habit)  (branch, developing and spent cones)
          (developing cone)  (cones, closed)  (open cones)  (cone and needles)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

  • Pinus densiflora        [Japanese Red Pine]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (needles and cones)  (trunk, bark)  (info)


    • Three cultivars of Pinus densiflora:
  • Pinus edulis   [Pinyon Pine]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (shoot and needles)  (cone and needles)
          (spent cones)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Pinus flexilis   [Limber Pine]  Native List   Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (plant habit, young tree)  (branches)  (branch)  (leaves (needles))  (needle cluster)
          (small branch, bent)  (trunk,bark)  (info)
  • Pinus halepensis   [Aleppo Pine]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (crown)  (branch, needles and cones)  (open cone)
          (trunk, bark)  (info)
    •          Pinus heldreichii or P. heldreichii var. leucodermis   see Pinus leucodermis
  • Pinus jeffreyi   [Jeffrey Pine]  Native List   Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (needles and new growth)  (branch, needles)  (needle cluster)  (cone, closed and open)
          (cone scales, closed and open)  (info)
  • Pinus kwangtungensis   [Kwangtung Pine]    Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (branch and cone)  (info)
  • Pinus lambertiana   [Sugar Pine]  Native List   Common Name List
          (plant habit, small tree)  (plant habit and branches)  (top of tree, with cones)
          (branches with cones)  (branch)  (needles)  (cone, closed)  (cone scales)
          (cone, open)  (cone scales)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Pinus leucodermis   (syn. P. heldreichii var. leucodermis)   [Bosnian Pine]     Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (immature cone)  (branches and cones)  (branch tip and needles)
          (trunk, bark)  (info)

      Two selection of Pinus leucodermis:
            Pinus longaeva  [Great Basin or Intermountain Bristlecone Pine] 
                see  Pinus aristata   [Rocky Mountain or Interior Bristlecone Pine]
  • Pinus monophylla   [Singleleaf Pinon Pine]  Common Name List
          (plant habit, in habitat)  (small tree in a landscape)  (branches)  (branchlets and cones)  (branchlets)
          (needles)  (cone and branchlet)  (needles and cones)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Pinus monticola   [Western White Pine]  Native List  Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (branches)  (branch)  (shoot, needles)  (needles, fine texture)  (needles, close-up)
          (needle, close-up, comparison with P. strobus)  (immature female cones)  (female cones)
          (male (pollen) cones)  (branch and mature cones)  (trunk, bark)  (info)


    • Two selections of Pinus monticola:
  • Pinus mugo      [Mugo Pine]       Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (branches with cones)  (cones and new shoots)  (branches with cones)
          (cone at seed drop)  (trunks, 60 year old trees)  (info)


    • Several dwarf cultivars of Pinus mugo:
  • Pinus nigra      [Austrian Pine]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (needles and mature cones)  (needles and seed cones)  (shoot tips, winter)  (cones)
          (cones, comparison with Pinus thunbergii)  (trunk, bark)  (info)


    • A few selections of Pinus nigra:
  • Pinus parviflora      [Japanese White Pine]     Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (cone and needles)  (info)


    • Some selections of Pinus parviflora:
  • Pinus pinaster      [Maritime Pine, Cluster Pine]     Common Name List
          (plant habit and trunk)  (branch, needles)  (pollen cone and needles)  (bud and developing cone)
          (mature cone)  (branch, needles and cones)  (needles (close-up))  (cone surface)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Pinus pinea      [Italian Stone Pine, Umbrella Pine]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, young)  (leaves (needles))  (info)
  • Pinus ponderosa    [Ponderosa Pine]  Native List  Common Name List
          (ponderosa pine forest)  (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (shoots)  (needles)  (needles and cone)
          (male cones and young shoot)  (male cones: before, at, and after pollen release)
          (immature seed cones and young shoot)  (cones, closed and open)  (mature seed cones)
          (cone prickles)  (mature cone, closed);  (trunk, bark)  (older trunks, bark)  (info)


    • A dwarf selection of Pinus ponderosa:
  • Ponderosa tremuloides ???

    •         (habit)  (canopy)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Pinus pumila      [Japanese Stone Pine, Dwarf Siberian Pine]      Common Name List
          (info)


    • A selection of Pinus pumila:
  • Pinus radiata      [Monterey Pine]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, old tree)  (branches)  (needle bundle)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Pinus resinosa      [Red Pine]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (branch tip)  (male cones and needles)  (developing seed cone and needles)
          (developing seed cone and needles)  (cone and needle cluster)  (mature seed cones)  (trunk, bark)
          (info)
  • Pinus sabiniana      [Gray Pine]       Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (young tree)  (branches)  (needles and buds)  (open canopy, young tree)
          (cones)  (cone)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Pinus strobiformis      [Southwestern White Pine]     Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (branches)  (branch)  (bud and needle bundles)
          (needle bundle)  (stem with needle bundles)  (cone)  (info)
  • Pinus strobus      [Eastern White Pine]      Common Name List
          (in habitat, Maine coast)  (in habitat, New England)  (plant habit)  (branches)  (branch)
          (immature cones and needles)  (cones and needles)  (shoots, cones and needles)
          (needles, comparison)  (trunk, bark)  (info)


    • Some selections of Pinus strobus:
  • Pinus sylvestris      [Scots Pine, Scotch Pine]      Common Name List
          (a stand)  (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (plant habit, winter)  (pollen and developing seed cone)
          (needles)  (branches, seed cones)  (branches, cones)  (large branches, bark)  (branch and trunk, bark)
          (info)


    •   Some cultivars of Pinus sylvestris:
  • Pinus thunbergii      [Japanese Black Pine]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (plant habit, young and mature)  (branches)  (buds, needles, fall)  (buds, needles, winter)
          (shoots and needles, winter)  (immature cones)  (branch with cones)  (cones)  (cones, comparison)
          (trunks, bark)  (info)
  • Pinus virginiana      [Virginia Pine]      Common Name List
          (info)
  • Pinus wallichiana      [Himalayan or Bhutan Pine]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (branches, needles)  (needles)  (new growth)
          (cones and branches)  (shoot, needles and cones)  (cone and seed)  (older branches)
          (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Pinus yunnanensis      [Yunnan Pine]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (branches, needles)  (info)
    •     Can you identify these three pines native to the Pacific Northwest?
    (Needles of three pines)
    Pistacia       Anacardiaceae   Cashew Family
    Pistache, Pistachio       pis-TA-shi-a
    Some 9-10 species of evergreen or deciduous trees and shrubs.  Leaves alternate, often compound, but occasionally simple.  Flowers dioecious - male and female flowers on separate plants, without petals, in lateral clusters (panicles).  Fruit (nut) dry, obliquely ovoid.  Native to the Mediterranean region, central and eastern Asia and Texas (Pistacia texana) and Mexico.  Pistacia vera is the species that produces the commercial pistachio nut.
    Pistacia: from pistake, the Greek work for nut, derived from a Persian name (Stearn, 1996)
  • Pistacia chinensis      [Chinese Pistache, Chinese Pistachio]      Common Name List
          (flowers, spring)  (flowers and unfolding leaves)  (plant habit)  (leaf)  (leaves and developing fruit)
          (developing fruit, summer)  (plant habit, fall)  (fruit, fall)  (winter twigs, buds)  (trunk, bark)
          (plant habit, spring)  (info)
    • Pittosporum       Pittosporaceae
    Australian Laurel       pit-o-SPO-rum
    About 200 species of evergreen trees and shrubs.  Leaves alternate to whorled, entire, or rarely with teeth or lobes.  Flowers in clusters of one to several, often sweetly scented, white or green hued, yellow, pink to red, 5 sepals, 5 petals, 5 stamens.  Fruit a dry, woody capsule.
    Pittosporum: from Greek, pitta and sporos, seed, a reference to the sticky, resinous covering of the seeds.
  • Pittosporum tenuifolium      [Tawhiwhi, Kohuhu]     
          (info)


    •   Two selections of Pittosporum tenuifolium:
  • Pittosporum tobira      [Japanese Mock Orange, Mock Orange, Tobira]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (shoot tip, leaves)  (leaves)  (plant habit, flowering)  (leaves and flower clusters)
          (flower cluster)  (plant habit, fruiting)  (leaves and fruit)  (info)
    • Platanus       Platanaceae
    Sycamore, Plane, Plane Tree       PLAT-a-nuz, PLA-ta-nus
    Some 6-7 species of deciduous trees with thin, plate-like, exfoliating bark.  Buds enclosed by the base of the petiole in summer.  Leaves alternate, simple, mostly 5-7 palmately-lobed, pubescent at first, then glabrous and glossy.  Flowers in dense, globose clusters on a long, pendulous stalk, individual male and female flowers are inconspicuous and superficially similar.  Fruit, a 2 mm achene, are packed in a 2-3 cm globose fruit-ball.  Native to North America and southeast Europe and southwest Asia.
    Platanus: the Greek name for P. orientalis from platys, broad, a reference to the wide leaves of this tree.
  • Platanus × acerifolia   ( syn. Platanus × hispanica)   [London Planetree]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, spring)  (emerging leaves and flowes)  (plant habit)  (shoot)  (leaf)  (leaf)  (fruit)
          (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (leafy shoot with fruit, fall)  (petiole and bud)  (trunk, bark)  (trunk, bark)
          (plant habit, late fall and winter)  (fruit clusters at seed drop, winter)  (dormant buds)  (info)
  • Platanus occidentalis      [American Sycamore or Planetree, Buttonwood]      Common Name List
          (leaves)  (leaves and stipules)  (leaf underside, veins)  (leaves and stipules, comparison)
          (leaves, stipules and fruit, early fall)  (info)
  • Platanus racemosa      [California Sycamore]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leaves)  (leaves, underside, and stipule)  (leaves and fruit clusters, summer)
          (leaves and fruit clusters, fall)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
    • Platycarya       Jugandaceae
          plat-i-KA-ri
    Only one species in this genus, Platycarya strobilace, see below.
    Platycarya: from the Greek, platy, broad, karya, nut.
  • Platycarya strobilacea             
          (leaves and female catkins)  (leaf)  (leaf and female catkin)  (female catkins, late summer)
          (female catkins, previous season's)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Platycladus orientalis      [Oriental Arborvitae]      Common Name List
           see Thuja orientalis
    • Podocarpus       Podocarpceae
    Podocarp, Yellow-wood       po-do-KAR-pus
    About 100 species of evergreen coniferous trees and shrubs; bark exfoliates in strips.  Leaves spirally arranged, often twisted at the base and appearing opposite in 2 ranks, flattened, 1-26 cm long.  Female cones borne on a naked peduncle (stalk), when mature a soft, red, fleshy bead-like aril, 5-8×3-6 mm, sometimes as large as 15×15 mm.  Native to Mexico, Central and South America, Africa, Himalaya to Japan, Australia and New Zealand.
    Podarcarpus: from the Greek pous, foot, and karpos, fruit, a reference to the fleshy receptacle at the base of the seed.
  • Podocarpus alpina 'Blue Gem'      [Blue Gem Podocarp, Blue Gem Tasmainian Podocarp]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (shoots)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Podocarpus nivalis      [Alpine Totara]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (plant habit, sheared hedge)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Podocarpus totara      [Totara, Lowland Totara]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (branches)  (shoot)  (leaves)  (info)
    • Polygonum       Polygonaceae
    Knotweed, Smartweed, Fleece Vine       po-LI-go-num
    About 150 species of mostly annuals and herbaceous perennials, some aquatic vine-like scamblers or woody subshrubs; stems appear jointed (bamboo-like).  Leaves alternate, simple, of various shapes, margins entire, stipules sheathing the stem (ocrea).  Flowers small, occasionally showy, in clusters of leaf axils or terminal, white, pink or red.  Fruit a small 2-3 angled achene.  Native to northern temperate regions.
    Polygonum: from the Greek, poly, many; gonu, joint, the stems have conspiculously swollen nodes.
  • Polygonum cuspidatum  (syn. Fallopia japonica, Polygonum japonicum)
                                     [Japanese Knotweed, Mexican Bamboo]       Common Name List
          (plant habit, early spring)  (emerging shoot)  (plant habit, spring)  (shoots and stem, spring)
          (plant habit, summer)  (flowering shoot)  (leaves and flowers)  (flower cluster)  (fruit)
          (shoot, fall)  (plant habit, winter)  (info)


    •   A variegated selection of Polygonum cuspidatum:
    Polystichum       Aspleniaceae
    Wood Fern, Holly Fern       po-LI-sti-kum
    Some 175 species of small to medium-sized land ferns.  Fronds ("leaves") erect, arching, or sometimes recurved, mostly 1-3 pinnate, uniform or more or less dimorphic (two distinct forms), generally serrate, rachis grooved; round spore containing sori (clusters of spore producing sporangia) on the underside.
    Polystichum: from the Greek, poly, many; stix, a row, a reference to the regular rows of sori seen on many species.
  • Polystichum munitum      [Swordfern]       Common Name List
          (plant habit, in wild)  (plant habit, in landscape)  (fronds ("leaves"))
          (fronds)  (sections of fronds)  (info)
    • Poncirus       Rutaceae
    Trifoliate Orange       pon-SI-rus
    A single species, see below.
    Poncirus: from the French name for a kind of citron.
  • Poncirus trifoliata      [Trifoliate Orange, Hardy Orange]       Common Name List
          (plant habit, spring)  (flowers)  (plant habit, early summer)  (fruit, leaves and thorns)  (info)

      A common cultivar of Poncirus trifoliata:
    Populus       Salicaceae  (Willow Family)
    Poplar, Cottenwood, Aspen       pop-U-lus
    About 35 species of deciduous, fast growing, dioecious trees.  Leaves alternate, often ovate to laceolate, entire or dentate.  Flowers appear before leaves in pendulous catkins, male catkins denser than female.  Fruit is a 2-4 valved capsule containing miniature seeds.  Native to Europe, Asia, northern Africa and North America.
    Populus: the Latin name.
  • Populus alba      [White Poplar]       Common Name List
         (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (canopy)  (leaves)  (leaves, underside)  (plant habit, fall)   (leaf, fall)
         (winter plant habit and trunk, bark)  (trunk, bark)  (winter twig, buds)  (info)
  • Populus angustifolia    [Narrowleaf Cottonwood]  Native List  Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (leaf, upper and lower surface)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Populus × canescens      [Gray Poplar]     Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (plant habit, showing silver underside)  (leafy shoot)  (leaves and immature seed catkin)
          (seed catkin at seed release)  (trunk, bark)  (winter twigs, buds)  (info)
  • Populus deltoides      [Eastern Cottonwood]      Common Name List
          (flower clusters, spring)  (expanding leaves)  (plant habit, summer)  (leaf)  (leaves and fruit)
          (fruit at seed release)  (leafy shoot)  (leaves, comparison)  (leaf margins, comparison)  (leaves)
          (in prairie habitat, fall)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (trunk,bark)
          (winter twigs and buds, comparison)  (info)
  • Populus fremontii      [Fremont Cottonwood]      Common Name List
         (plant habit, in habitat)  (plant habit, in landscapes)  (foliage)  (leaves)  (leaves)
         (leaf margin and petiole)  (leaves and young female flower clusters)   (trunk, bark)
         (old trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Populus grandidentata      [Bigtooth Aspen]       Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (foliage)  (leaf and margin)  (leaf, underside)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Populus nigra   ‘Italica’     [Lombardy Poplar, Lombardy Black Poplar]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (leaves)  (plant habit, fall)  (branches and leaves, fall)
          (winter twigs, buds)  (terminal and lateral buds)  (info)
  • Populus tremula   [European or Common Aspen]    Common Name List
          (leaves)  (info)

      A common cultivar of Populus tremula:
  • Populus tremuloides    [Quaking Aspen]  Native List   Common Name List
          (in habitat, summer)  (plant habit)  (leaves)  (leafy shoot)  (leaf)  (leaf, petiole)  (in habitat, fall)
          (plant habit, fall)  (foliage, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (in habitat, winter)  (trunks)  (trunk, bark)  (winter twigs)
          (winter twigs and buds)  (emerging female catkins, spring)  (maturing female catkins, spring)
          (info)
  • Populus trichocarpa   [Black Poplar or Cottonwood]  Native List   Common Name List
          (syn. Populus balsamifera subsp. trichocarpa)
          (emerging male (pollen) catkins)  (male (pollen) catkins)  (expanding male (pollen) catkins)
          (expanding leaves)  (leaves and female (seed) catkins)  (seed catkins, late spring)  (seed release, late spring)
          (seeds)  (plant habit, large tree)  (plant habit)  (leaves)  (leaves and buds)  (leaves, comparison)
          (leaf margins, comparison)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (plant habit, winter)  (trunk, bark)
          (winter twigs and buds, comparison)  (info)
    • Potentilla       Rosacease
    Cinquefoil       po-ten-TIL-a
    About 500 species of mostly perennial herbs (also annual and biennial forms) and shrubs.  Leaves alternate, compound (palmate and pinnate or tifoliate), leaflet margins often toothed.  Flowers usually saucer-shaped, 5 petals, yellow, white, and red.  Fruit nutlet-like, small, hard.  Native to the Northern Hemisphere
    Potentilla: from the Latin potens, powerful, a reference to alleged medicinal properties of the plant.
  • Potentilla fruticosa   [Bush Cinquefoil]   (syn. Dasiphora fruticosa)  Native List   Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers and leaves)  (flowers)  (leaves and flowers)  (flowers and leaves)
          (leaf)  (fruit)  (info)


    •        Some cultivars:
    Prumnopitys       Podocarpaceae
    Plum-seeded Yew, Miro       Prum-NO-pit-ees
    Some 10 species of coniferous, evergreen trees, leaves similar to those of Taxus (Yew), spirally arrangedm linear, flattened.  Fruit 8-25 mm wide with soft edible pulp enclosing a hard seed.   Native to South America, New Zealand and eastern Australia.
    Prumnopitys: from the Greek, prumne, stern, and, pitys, pine.
  • Prumnopitys andina       [Plum-fruited Yew, Chilean Miro]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (branches)  (leaves and pollen cones)  (info)
    Prunus       Rosaceae
          PRU-nus
    About 430 species of deciduous, occasionally evergreen, trees and shrubs.  Leaves alternate, serrate, sometimes entire, with stipules.  Flowers usually white, often pink to red, calyx 5-lobed, 5 petals, stamens many.  Fruit usually fleshy and single seeded.
    Prunus: from the Latin name for these plants.
  • Prunus ‘Accolade’      [Accolade Flowering Cherry]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, spring flowering)  (flowering branches)  (flower buds and flowers)
          (flower clusters)  (flowers)  (flower)  (plant habit, summer)  (leaf)  (leaf)
          (leaf base)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Prunus americana      [Wild Plum, American Plum]     Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (leaf underside, margin and tip)  (developing fruit, late spring)
          (fruit, summer)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Prunus armeniaca      [Apricot]     Common Name List
          (info)

      A selection of Prunus armeniaca:
  • Prunus besseyi      [Sand Cherry, Western Sand Cherry]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers)  (plant habit, summer)  (shoot tip)  (leaves)  (leaf)
          (winter plant habit and twig, buds )  (info)
  • Prunus × blireana      [Blireana Plum]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, early spring flowering)  (plant habit, 9 years later)  (flowering branches)  (flowers)
          (flowers)  (leaf, spring)  (plant habit, summer)  (leaves, summer)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Prunus caroliniana      [Carolina Cherrylaurel, American Cherrylaurel]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering, and flowering shoot)  (leaf)  (info)
  • Prunus Cascade Snow™      [Cascade Snow Flowering Cherry]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowering branches)  (flower clusters)  (flower buds and flower)
          (flower)  (flower, comparison)  (after petal drop, comparison)  (plant habit and leaves, after flowering)
          (info)
  • Prunus cerasifera      [Cherry Plum, Myrobalan Plum]     Common Name List
          (info)


    •    Four flowering cultivars of Prunus cerasifera
  • Prunus × cistena      [Purpleleaf Sandcherry, Cistena Plum]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowering branches)  (young leaves)  (plant habit, after flowering)
          (plant habit, larger shrub)  (plant habit and bark, winter)  (info)
  • Prunus ‘Dream Catcher’      [Dream Catcher Flowering Cherry]     Common Name List
          (flower buds and flowers, start of bloom)  (flowering branches, near end of bloom)
          (flowers, near end of bloom)  (flower)  (new leaves at petal drop)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (info)
  • Prunus emarginata    [Bitter Cherry]  Native List  Common Name List
          (opening buds)  (flowers)  (flower clusters)  (plant habit, thicket, summer)  (leaves)  (leaves, in deep shade)
          (leaves and developing fruit)  (ripe fruit and leaves)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (trunk, bark)
          (plant habit, thicket, winter)  (winter branches, twigs and buds)  (winter buds)  (info)
  • Prunus ‘First Lady’      [First Lady Flowering Cherry]     Common Name List
          (plant habit and branch, flowering)  (flowers)  (flowers, end of bloom)  (info)
  • Prunus fruticosa      [Steppe Cherry]     Common Name List
          (info)
  • Prunus glandulosa      [Dwarf Flowering Almond]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, spring and summer)  (expanding leaves)  (flowering branch)  (info)
  • Prunus ilicifolia      [Hollyleaf Cherry]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, sun and shade)  (leaves)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (info)
  • Prunus laurocerasus       [Cherry Laurel, English Laurel]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, hedge)  (shoot)  (leaves)  (shoot, comparison)  (leaves, comparison)
          (flower cluster and flowers)  (leaves and fruit)  (bud and leaves)  (info)


    •   Several selections of Prunus laurocerasus:
  • Prunus lusitanica      [Portuguese Cherry Laurel]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (plant habit, hedge)  (plant habit, sheared)  (leaves)  (shoot, comparison)
          (leaves, comparison)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters and leaves)
          (maturing fruit and leaves)  (ripe fruit)  (info)
  • Prunus maackii      [Amur Chokecherry]     Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leaves and flowers)  (flower cluster)  (leaves and fruit)
          (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (major branches)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Prunus mume      [Japanese Apricot, Japanese Flowering Apricot]     Common Name List
          (info)

    Three selections of Prunus mume:
  • Prunus ‘Newport’      [Newport Flowering Plum]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, before flowering)  (twig comparison, spring)  (group flowering in landscape)
          (branches, start of flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers)  (info)
  • Prunus ‘Okame’      [Okame Flowering Cherry]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowering branches)  (flowers)  (flowers)  (flower)
          (flowers, after petal fall)  (plant habit, summer)  (leaves)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Prunus padus   [European Birdcherry]    Common Name List
          (plant habit, spring flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (developing and opening flower cluster)
          (flowering branches)  (flower clusters)  (flowers)  (after petal drop, young fruit)  (leaves)  (leaf)
          (fruit, unripe)  (leaves and buds, summer)  (leaves and ripe fruit)  (ripe fruit)  (leaves, fall)
          (plant habit, winter)  (winter twig, buds)  (info)
  • Prunus prostrata   [Rock Cherry, Mountain Cherry]    Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leafy shoots)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Prunus sargentii       [Sargent Cherry]      Common Name List
          (flower buds)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flowering branches)  (flower cluster)  (flower)  (info)

  • Prunus serotina      [Black Cherry, Rum Cherry]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (branch with leaves)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (flowering branches)
          (flower clusters and leaf)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Prunus serrula      [Birchbark Cherry, Paperbark Cherry]     Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (shoots, leaves)  (plant habit, winter)  (flowers, spring)
          (bark, large branch and trunks)  (winter twig, buds)  (info)
  • Prunus serrulata      [Japanese Flowering Cherry]      Common Name List
          (leaves)  (shoot and leaves)  (leaf and stem)  (leaves, comparison)
          (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (trunk, bark)  (twigs and buds, comparison)
          (winter twig, buds)  (info)


    •   Several cultivars of Prunus serrulata:
  • Prunus Snow Fountains®   (syn. Prunus 'Snofozam')  [Snow Fountains Weeping Cherry]  Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers)  (flowers)  (plant habit, after flowering)  (leaves and fruit)
          (info)
  • Prunus ‘Snow Goose’     [Snow Goose Flowering Cherry]  Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)  (flower)  (flower)  (flower, comparison)  (flowers later in bloom)
          (plant habit, end of flowering)  (end of flowering)  (after petal fall, comparison)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Prunus subcordata    [Klamath Plum]  Native List  Common Name List
          (leafy shoot tip, early fall)  (leaf)  (info)
  • Prunus subhirtella   [Higan Cherry]    Common Name List
          (info)


    •  A few selections of Prunus subhirtella:
  • Prunus ‘Tai Haku’  [Tai Haku Flowering Cherry]  Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowering branches)  (flower)  (flower)  (older flower)
          (flowers after petal fall, new leaves)  (info)
  • Prunus virginiana    [Chokecherry]  Common Name List
          (plant habit,flowering)  (flowering branch)  (flower clusters)  (flower cluster and flowers)  (leaf)
          (leaves and immature fruit)  (ripe fruit)  (plant habit, summer)  (leaves)  (winter plant habit, trunk and twig)
          (winter twig, buds)  (info)


    •   A common cultivar and a botanical variety (var.) of Prunus virginiana:
  • Prunus × yedoensis      [Somei-yoshino Cherry, Tokyo Cherry, Yoshino Cherry]     Common Name List
          (info)
    • Pseudolarix       Pinaceae
    Golden Larch       soo-do-LAR-iks
    A single species in this genus, see below.
    Pseudolarix: pseudo, false; larix, larch; i.e., falselarch
  • Pseudolarix amabilis   [Golden Larch]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, young trees)  (plant habit and trunk, bark)  (branches)  (needles, singles)  (needles, clusters)
          (foliage and cones, fall)  (needle clusters, fall)  (plant habit, fall)  (needles, fall)  (plant habit, winter)  (info)
    Pseudotsuga       Pinaceae
    Douglas-fir       soo-do-TSOO-ga
    From 5 to 8 species, evergreen coniferous trees.  Leaves spirally arranged but more or less 2-ranked (especially in shade), linear, flattened, tapered at petiole-like base, green and furrowed above, 2 stomatal bands below.  Native to North America and eastern Asia.  Seed cones pendulous, short stalked, ripening in the first year, not disintegrating.
    Pseudotsuga: from the Greek pseudo-, false, Tsuga.
  • Pseudotsuga macrocarpa   [Bigcone Douglas-fir]    Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (branchlets with cones)  (cone)  (branch with spent male cones)  (leaves and buds)
          (leaves)  (cone, comparison)  (trunk, bark)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Pseudotsuga menziesii    [Douglas-fir]  Native List   Common Name List
          (in habitat)  (plant habit)  (branches)  (upper branches)  (branch, buds, needles)
          (needles and bud)  (needles)  (needles and cones, spring)  (immatuare cones)
          (branch with cones)  (mature cone)  (cones at seed drop)  (trunks)  (trunk, bark)
          (trunk and bark, old tree)  (info)


    • Some selections of Pseudotsuga menziesii:
  • Pseudotsuga wilsoniana   [Taiwan Douglas-fir]    Common Name List
          (branches with cones)  (branch and cones)  (leaves)  (leaves, underside)
          (leaves and buds)  (cone)  (branchelets, comparison)  (branchlets and cones, comparison)
          (dry cones and seeds, comparison)  (info)
    • Ptelea       Rutaceae
    Hop Tree, Shrubby Trefoil       TE-le-a, TEL-EE-a
    Some 11 species of deciduous shrubs or small trees.  The number of species recongnized by botanists has varied from as many as 60 (by "spliters") to as few as 3 (by "lumpers").  Leaves alternate or occasionally opposite, compound (trifoliate or 5-foliate).  Flowers in clusters, greenish-white, small, 4-5 each sepals and petals, both occasionally 6.  Fruit a samara, circular, winged.  
    Ptelia: the Greek name of the elm tree, which has similar winged fruit.
  • Ptelea trifoliata      [Hoptree]       Common Name List
          (leaves and developing flower clusters, spring)  (plant habit, flowering)  (leaves and flower clustsers)
          (flowers)  (leaf)  (plant habit, summer)  (fruit and leaves)  (plant habit, fall)  (fruit and leaf, fall)
          (stems, bark)  (info)


    •    A subspecies of Ptelea trifoliata:
  • Ptelea crenulata      [California Hoptree]       Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leaves)  (leaf and leaflet)  (stem, bark)  (info)
    Pterocarya       Juglandaceae
    Wingnut       ter-o-KA-ri-a
    Ten species of large deciduous trees.  Leaves alternate, compound (pinnate), leaflets serrate.   Both male and female in pendulous catkins.  Fruit a small winged nutlet, 1-seeded.   Native range from the Caucasus to eastern and southeastern Asia.
    Pterocarya: from the Greek pteron, wing, and karyon, nut; a reference to the winged fruit.
  • Pterocarya stenoptera      [Chinese Wingnut]      Common Name List
           (plant habit, young tree)  (foliage)  (leaf)  (leaflets and winged rachis)  (developing fruit cluster)  (info)
    Pterostyrax       Styracaceae
          ter-o-STI-raks
    Only 3 species of deciduous shrubs or trees, branches round in cross section (terete).   Leaves alternate, simple, margin serrate.  Flowers in large clusters (panicle) on short lateral shoots, 5 petals, 5 toothed sepals, 10 stamens  Fruit a winged or ribbed with 1-2 seeds.  Native to Burma, China, and Japan.
    Pterostyrax: from the Greek pteron, wing, and Styrax, one species (P. corymbosa) has wined fruit like Styrax.
  • Pterostyrax hispida      [Epaulette Tree, Fragrant Epaulette Tree]     Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leaf, expanding and mature)  (leaf)  (young tree, flowering)  (flower clusters)
          (young tree, fruiting)  (fruit clusters and leaves)  (fruit clusters, fall)  (fruit clusters, winter)
          (winter twigs, buds)  (info)
    • Punica       Punicaceae
    Pomegranate       PU-ni-ka,
    Two species of densely branched, deciduous shrubs or small trees.  Leaves opposite, clustered, and entire.  Flowers bisexual, 1-5 at shoot tips, calyx campanulate to tubular, sepals 5-8, petals 5-7, overlapping, stamens numerous.  Native from the eastern Mediterranean to Himalaya.
    Punica: from the Latin name, Malum punicum, of Pliny.
  • Punica granatum      [Pomegranate]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower)  (flowers and flower bud)  (flower and flower buds)
          (leafy shoot)  (leafy shoot)  (leaves)  (flower buds, flowers, and fruit)  (plant habit, fall)
          (fruit, winter)  (info)


    •    A dwarf selection of Punica granatum:
    Purshia       Rosaceae
    Bitterbrush       poor-SHE-ah
    Two or three species of deciduous, sometimes evergreen, shrubs or small trees.  Leaves alternate, but usually clustered, small, 3-toothed or lobed at the apex, base wedge-shaped, margin revolute (rolled under).  Flowers small, solitary, white, cream to yellow, calyx tubular, 5 petals, many stamens, 1-2 styles.  Fruit a persistent, leathery, pubescent achene.  Native to the western North America, especially arid or semi-arid regions.
    Purshia: after Frederick Traugott Pursh (1774-1820), German explorer, horticulturist, and author of an important early flora of North America, he died in Montreal while collecting material for a flora of Canada.
  • Purshia stansburiana   [Cliffrose]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowering branches)  (flower buds and leaves)  (flower buds and flowers)
          (flowers)  (plant habit, fruiting)  (leaves and young fruit)  (fruit and shoots)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Purshia tridentata    [Bitterbrush, Antelope Brush]  Native List   Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (leafy branch)  (leaves)  (leaves, underside)  (flowers and developing fruit)
          (fruit and leaves)  (info)
    Pyracantha       Rosaceae
    Firethorn       pi-ra-KANTH-a
    About 7 species of broad-leaved, evergreen, thorny shrubs.  Leaves alternate, serrate to crenate to entire, unlobed.  Flowers white, 0.5-1 cm, in clusters, petals circular and outspread, 20 stamens, yellow anthers.  Fruit a small red or orange drupe.  Native range from southeastern Europe to China.
    Many Pyracantha cultivars are hybrids of two or more species.
    Pyracantha: from the Greek pyr, fire, a reference to the red berries, and akanthos, thorn.
  • Pyracantha      [Firethorn]     Common NameList
          (plant habit, spring flowering)  (flowers)  (plant habit, fall fruitiing)  (plant habit, fall fruitiing)
          (fruit clusters)  (fruit and leaves)  (thorns)  (info)
  • Pyracantha coccinea      [Scarlet Firethorn]       Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leaves and fruit)  (info)
  • Pyracantha koidzumii      [Formosan Firethorn]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, fruiting)  (leaves)  (fruit and leaves)  (thorn and fruit)  (info)
    • Pyrus       Rosaceae
    Pear       PI-rus
    About 30 species of deciduous trees and shrubs, occasionally terminating in a thorn.  Leaves alternate, simple, usually serrate, sometimes lobed.  Flowers white, yellowish, green, or rose, in clusters on lateral shoots, 5 each calyx and petals, usually 20 stamens (to 25-30).  Fruit often has persistent calyx, flesh embedded with grit (stone) cells.  Native from Europe to North Africa and Asia.
    Pyrus: the Latin name for pear.
  • Pyrus calleryana      [Callery Pear]       Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers)  (flowers)
          (plant habit, summer and fall)  (leaves and fruit)  (plant habit, fall)
          (leaves and fruit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (fruit and domant buds)  (info)


    •    A cultivar of Pyrus calleryana:
  • Pyrus fauriei Korean Sun™  ('Westwood')    [Korean Sun Pear]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers and leaves)  (plant habit, summer)  (leaves and fruit)
          (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (info)
    • Quercus       Fagaceae
    Oak       kwer-KUS
    Some 600 species of evergreen and deciduous trees and some shrubs.  Leaves alternate, short petioles, serrate or dentate or lobed, occasionally entire.  Flowers monoecious (i.e., male and female flowers borne on the same plant); male flowers in pendulous catkins, female flowers solitary or in 2 to many-flowered spikes.  Fruit an ovate or rounded nut (acorn).  Native to North America to South America, Europe and Asia, temperate and subtropical zones, tropical at higher altitudes.
    Quercus: the Latin name.
  • Quercus acutissima      [Sawtooth Oak]      Common Name List
          (male catkins, spring)  (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (leaf margin)  (developing acorns)
          (developing acorn and leaves)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (trunk, bark)  (winter twig and buds)
          (info)
  • Quercus agrifolia      [Coast Live Oak]     Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (foliage)  (leaves)  (leaf, shade)  (developing fruit (acorns))
          (trunks, bark)  (info)
  • Quercus alba      [(Eastern) White Oak]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, late spring)  (plant habit, summer)  (leaves)  (leafy shoot)  (leaves)
          (leaves, comparison)  (developing acorns)  (ripening acorns)  (plant habit, fall)
          (foliage, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (plant habit, eary spring)  (trunk, bark)  (winter twigs, buds)
          (info)
  • Quercus arizonicsa      [Arizona Oak, Arizona White Oak]       Common Name List
          (foliage)  (leaves)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Quercus berberidifolia      [California Scrub Oak, Scrub Oak]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leaves)  (fruit (acorn))  (info)
  • Quercus bicolor      [Swamp White Oak]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (expanding leaves, spring)  (leaves)  (leafy shoot)  (leaves)  (leaf)
          (leaves, comparison)  (developing acorn)  (mature acorn and leaves)  (leaves, fall)
          (trunk, bark)  (older trunk, bark)  (winter twig and buds)  (info)
  • Quercus × bimundorum      [Two Worlds Oak]      Common Name List
          (info)
  • Quercus castaneifolia       [Chestnut-leaved Oak]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Quercus cerris       [Turkey Oak]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (foliage)  (shoot tip)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Quercus chrysolepis    [Canyon Live Oak]  Native List  Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leafy shoots)  (shoot tips)  (leaves)  (male catkins)
          (developing fruit)  (developing fruit)  (ripening fruit)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Quercus coccinea      [Scarlet Oak]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, summer)  (leaves and fruit)  (leaves)  (developing fruit)
          (plant habit and leaf, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (leaves and fruit, fall)
          (fruit (acorns))  (trunk, bark)  (winter twigs and buds)  (buds, comparison)
          (info)
  • Quercus douglasii      [Blue Oak, California Blue Oak]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (canopy)  (leaves)  (leaves, underside)  (developing fruit (acorn))
          (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Quercus durata      [Leather Oak]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (leafy branches)  (leaves)  (leaves)  (leaves, underside)
          (fruit (acorns) and leaves)  (info)
  • Quercus emoryi      [Emory Oak, Black or Blackjack Oak]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (plant habit and branches)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Quercus engelmannii      [Engelmann Oak, Mesa Oak]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (fruit (acorns))  (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Quercus frainetto       [Hungarian Oak]     Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (leaf)  (leaves, fall)  (plant habit, winter)  (trunk, bark)
          (twig, winter)  (winter twig, buds)  (info)
  • Quercus gambelii       [Gambel Oak]     Common Name List
          (in habitat, Rocky Mountain foothills)  (plant habit, in habitat)  (plant habit, in landscape)  (leafy shoots)
          (leaves)  (leaves)  (shoots with developing acorns)  (developing acorns)  (twig and buds, winter)  (info)
  • Quercus garryana   [Oregon White Oak]  Native List  Common Name List
          (in habitat, spring)  (branch, spring)  (male catkins and expanding leaves)  (female flowers)
          (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (in habitat)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (acorn development)  (ripening acorns)
          (leaves, fall)  (acorns and leaf, fall)  (in a landscape)  (trunk, bark)  (trunk, bark of old tree)
          (plant habit, winter)  (winter twigs, buds)  (info)
  • Quercus glandulifera   [Konara Oak]     Common Name List
          (leaves)  (leaf)  (leaf, underside)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Quercus ilex   [Holly Oak, Holm Oak]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, young tree)  (plant habit, large tree)  (foliage)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Quercus ilicifolia   [Bear Oak]     Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (branches)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Quercus imbricaria   [Shingle Oak]     Common Name List
          (new leaves)  (plant habit)  (summer foliage)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (leaf)  (developing acorns)  (leaves and acorns)
          (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (trunk, bark)  (winter twig, buds)  (info)
  • Quercus kelloggii   [California Black Oak]  Native List   Common Name List
          (new leaves)  (catkins and expanding leaves)  (plant habit)  (foliage)  (leafy branches)  (leaves)
          (leaf)  (leaf, underside)  (developing acorns)  (mature acorns)  (branches, fall)  (leaves, fall)
          (leaf, fall)  (trunk, bark)  (older trunks, bark)  (twig, fall)  (winter twigs, buds)  (info)
  • Quercus macrocarpa      [Bur Oak, Mossycup Oak]      Common Name List
          (expanding leaves and flowers)  (plant habit)  (plant habit, older tree)  (leaf)
          (immature fruit and leaves)  (leaves and immature fruit)  (leaves and fruit)
          (plant habit, fall)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (mature fruit (acorns))
          (plant habit, winter)  (trunk, bark)  (winter twigs, buds)  (info)
    •      Giant puffball fungus (Calvatia gigantea) at the base of a Burr Oak (Quercus macrocarpa).
  • Quercus marilandica      [Blackjack Oak]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, small tree)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Quercus mongolica      [Mongolian Oak]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (leaf, underside)  (acorn)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Quercus montana    (syn. Q. prinus)   [Rock or Mountain Chestnut Oak]      Common Name List
          (growth habit)  (leaves)  (leaves and acorns)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Quercus muehlenbergii      [Chinkapin Oak]     Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (leaves and buds)  (leaf)  (leaf)  (leaf, underside)  (developing acorns)
          (trunk, bark)  (winter twig and buds)  (plant habit, spring)  (info)
  • Quercus myrsinifolia      [Chinese Evergreen Oak]      Common Name List
          (shrub habit)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (info)
  • Quercus nigra      [Water Oak]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, young tree)  (leafy shoot)  (leaves)  (leaves, variation on young tree)  (info)
  • Quercus palustris      [Pin Oak]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, winter and spring)  (branches, spring)  (expanding leaves and male flowers)
          (plant habit, summer and fall)  (leaf)  (leaf, underside)  (leaves)  (developing fruit (acorns):1)
          (developing fruit (acorns):2)  (mature fruit (acorns))  (leaves, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (leaf, fall)
          (trunk, bark)  (winter twigs)  (info)
    •    Wow!  Just imagine the size of the squirrel that collected these acorns!
  • Quercus phellos      [Willow Oak]       Common Name List
          (male catkins and expanding leaves)  (plant habit, young and mature)  (leaves)  (leaves)
          (plant habit, fall)  (branches, fall)  (branches, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (trunk, bark)
          (winter twigs and buds)  (info)
  • Quercus prinoides      [Dwarf Chinquapin Oak]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leaves and acorns)  (leaf)  (leaf, underside)  (developing acorns)
          (maturing acorns)  (mature acorns)  (info)
       Quercus prinus   see    Quercus montana
  • Quercus robur      [English Oak]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (foliage)  (leaves)  (leaves)  (leaf bases)  (immature fruit and leaves)
          (mature fruit and leaves)  (fruit, fall)  (plant habit and leaves, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (trunk, bark)
          (winter twigs, buds)  (info)
  • Quercus rubra      [Red Oak]     Common Name List
          (branch, spring)  (immature acorns, male catkins and leaves)  (plant habit, summer)  (leaves)  (leaves)
          (flowers and fruit development)  (fruit development)  (fruit (acorns))  (single fruit (acorn))  (plant habit, fall)
          (variation in fall color)  (leaves and fruit (acorns), fall)  (fruit (acorns))  (acorns from different trees)  (trunk)
          (trunk, bark)  (winter twigs and buds)  (buds, comparison)  (info)
  • Quercus sadleriana   [Sadler Oak, Deer Oak]  Native List   Common Name List
          (plant habit, young)  (plant habit)  (shoot)  (leaf)  (leaf)  (leaf surface, margin)  (info)
  • Quercus suber      [Cork Oak]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, young tree)  (branch)  (leaves)  (fruit and shoot)  (trunk, bark)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Quercus turbinella      [Scrub Live Oak]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (leafy shoot)  (leaves)  (leaves)  (leaves and young acorns)
          (developing acorns and leaves)  (young trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Quercus undulata      [Wavyleaved Oak]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (branch)  (leaves)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Quercus vaccinifolia      [Huckleberry Oak]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leaves)  (leaves, comparison)  (small shrub and leafy shoots)  (info)
  • Quercus velutina      [Black Oak]       Common Name List
          (leafy shoot)  (leaf)  (leaf, underside)  (plant habit and foliage, fall)  (plant habit, fall)
          (leaves, fall)  (leaf, fall)  (trunk, bark)  (winter twigs, buds)  (info)
  • Quercus wislizeni      [Interior Live Oak]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leafy shoots)  (leaves)  (leaves)  (fruit (acorn))  (trunk, bark)  (info)
    Can you identify eight Quercus species from their leaves?
    Hint: two are native to Oregon.
    (leaves)
    Can you identify, from their acorns, four Quercus species commmonly grown in Western Oregon?
      (acorns)
    Quillaja       Quillajaceae, formerly in Rosaceae
    Soap-bark Tree       kwi-LA-ha
    Several (as many as 9) species of evergreen trees or shrubs.  Leaves alternate, simple, leathery, and glossy green.   Flowers bisexual or unisexual, mostly 5-parted, 10 stamens.  Fruit a group of 5 spreading follicles (star-shaped) containing many seeds.  Native to temperate South America.
    quillaja: the Chilean name for the Soap-bark Tree.
  • Quillaja saponaria      [Soap-bark Tree]       Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers and leaves)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (leaf)  (flowers)
          (fruit and remnent)  (info)
    Raphiolepis, see Rhaphiolepis
    Rhamnus       Rhamnaceae
    Buckthorn       RAM-nus
    Some 150 species of deciduous, sometimes evergreen, trees and shrubs, often with thorny twigs.  Leaves alternate, opposite or spirally arranged, parallel veins, serrate or entire margins.  Flowers small, 4 or 5 parted, unisexual or bisexual, style simple with 3-lobed stigma.  Fruit a globose drupe.  Native to northern temperate areas, plus east and south Africa and Brazil.
    Rhamnus: from the Greek name Rhamnos of a shrub in the genus.
  • Rhamnus californica    [Coffeeberry, California Buckthorn]  Native List  Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leafy shoot)  (leaves)  (leaves)  (leaves and flower clusters)  (plant habit, in woods)
          (plant habit, in landscape)  (ripening fruit)  (unripe and ripe fruit)  (trunks, bark)  (info)
  • Rhamnus frangula     [Alder, Glossy or Elder Buckthorn]    Common Name List
          (info)
  • Rhamnus purshiana    [Cascara, Chittam]  Native List  Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (flowers, spring)  (leaves and immature fuit)  (fruit and leaves)
          (shoot, leaves, fruit, bud)  (leaves, fall)  (trunk, bark)  (twigs and buds, winter)  (info)
    • Rhaphiolepis  (syn. Raphiolepis)       Rosaceae
          raf-i-o-LE-pis
    About 15 species of evergreen shrubs or small trees.  Leaves alternate, glossy dark green, serrate to entire, petioles spines.  Flowers white to pink, calyx 5-lobed, 5 petals, 15-20 stamens.  Fruit globose, often black, usually 1-seeded.
    Rhaphiolepis: from Greek rhaphis, needle, and lepis, scale, referring to the narrow bracteoles of the inflorescence.
  • Rhaphiolepis indica      [Indian Hawthorn]     Common Name List
          (info)
  • Rhaphiolepis ‘Majestic Beauty’      [Majestic Beauty Rhaphiolepis]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, start of flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (leaves and flowers)
          (flowers)  (flowers, again)  (leaf)  (info)
  • Rhaphiolepis umbellata      [Yeddo Rhaphiolepis]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowering branch)  (flowers)  (flower)  (flowers and leaves)  (leaves)
          (leaves)  (leaf surfaces and margin)  (leaves and fruit)  (info)

    • Rhododendron

    Information on Rhododendron

    Selected species and cultivars given below
    In the descriptions (i.e., info) of the Rhododendron hybrids and species below, the follow information is given:
  • Rhododendron ‘Airy Fairy’      [Airy Fairy Rhododendron]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (flower cluster)  (flower)  (info)
  • Rhododendron alabamense       [Alabama Azalea]      Common Name List
          (flowering branch)  (flowers)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Alice’      [Alice Rhododendron]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers, flower buds and leaves)  (flower cluster)
          (flower)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Anah Kruschke’      [Anah Kruschke Rhododendron]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (foliage and flower clusters)  (flower bud and cluster)  (flower cluster)
          (flowers)  (flower)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Anna Rose Whitney’      [Anna Rose Whitney Rhododendron]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers, flower buds and leaves)  (flower cluster)  (flower)  (flower)
          (flower parts)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘April Glow’       [April Glow Rhododendron]      Common Name List
          (flower cluster)  (flowers)  (leaf)  (info)
  • Rhododendron arboreum           Common Name List
          (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Argosy’            Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering, August)  (leaves and flower clusters)  (flower cluster)  (flowers)  (flower)
          (leaf)  (leaf base)  (info)
  • Rhododendron argyrophyllum ssp. nankingense ‘Chinese Silver’           Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)  (flower)  (leaf)  (info)
  • Rhododendron augustinii      [Augustine Rhododendron]      Common Name List
          (along a garden path, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers)  (flowers)  (leaves)
          (leaves, close-up)  (info)
  • Rhododendron auriculatum            Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering, July)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (flower cluster)  (flower)  (leaf)
          (leaf base)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Ball of Snow’   see Rhododendron ‘Boule de Neige’.
  • Rhododendron ‘Beauty of Littleworth’   [Beauty of Littleworth Rhododendron]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower buds and leaves)  (flower clusters)  (flowers)
          (flower)  (leaf)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Bibiani’       [Bibiani Rhododendron]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (flower cluster)
          (leaves)  (leaves, comparison)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Blue Diamond’      [Blue Diamond Rhododendron]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (leaves and flowers)  (flower cluster)  (flower)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Blue Peter’     [Blue Peter Rhododendron]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (flower cluster)  (flowers)
          (leaves and bud)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Boule de Neige’   (syn. 'Ball of Snow')   [Boule de Neige Rhododendron]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower buds and leaves)
          (flower clustser and leaves)  (flowers)  (leaf)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Bow Bells’      [Bow Bells Rhododendron]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers and flower buds)  (flowers)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Bric-a-brac’      [Bric-a-brac Rhododendron]     Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (flower bud)  (flowers)  (flower)  (leaves and flowers)  (leaf)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Bruce Brechtbill’      [Bruce Brechtbill Rhododendron]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (leaves and flowers)
          (flower clusters)  (flower)  (leaves and bud)  (info)
  • Rhododendron bureavii      [Bureau Rhododendron]      Common Name List
          (flower cluster and leaves, April)  (flower and leaf underside (indumentum))
          (emerging leaves, May)  (plant habit, early summer)  (leaves, early summer)
          (mature leaves)  (mature leaves, underside (indumentum))  (info)
  • Rhododendron campylocarpum ssp. coloxanthum      [Coloxanthum Rhododendron]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron catawbiense      [Catawba Rhododendron]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (flower cluster and leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron 'Catawbiense Boursault'      [Catawbiense Boursault Rhododendron]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)  (flower cluster)  (flower)  (flower)  (leaf)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Cheer’      [Cheer Rhododendron]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower cluster)  (leaf)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Chevalier Felix de Sauvage’    [Chevalier Felix de Sauvage Rhododendron]  Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower cluster)  (leaf)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Christmas Cheer’      [Christmas Cheer Rhododendron]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)  (flower cluster)  (faded flower clusters)  (leaf)  (info)
  • Rhododendron cinnabarinum      [Cinnabar Rhododendron]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower cluster)  (flower)  (info)
  • Rhododendron concinnum      [Concinnum Rhododendron]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers and leaves)  (flower)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Cotton Candy’      [Cotton Candy Rhododendron]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)  (flower cluster)  (flower cluster)  (flower)  (leaf)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Crater Lake’      [Crater Lake Rhododendron]     Common Name List
          (flower clusters and leaves)  (flower)  (flower)  (flower, side view)  (leaves)
          (leaves, underside)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Crest’      [Crest Rhododendron]       Common Name List
          (plant habit, flower bud and flowers)  (flower clusters and buds)  (flower and buds)
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers and leaves)  (flowers)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Cunningham's White’       [Cunningham's White Rhododendron]     Common Name List
          (flowering habit, older plant)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower buds)  (flower cluster)  (flower cluster)
          (leaf)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Cynthia’      [Cynthia Rhododendron]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (flower clusters)
          (flower clusther)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Daphnoides’      [Daphnoides Rhododendron]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, before flowering)  (plant habit (small), flowering)  (plant habit (larger), flowering)
          (flower cluster)  (leaves)  (leaves, "portrait")  (info)
  • Rhododendron dauricum       [Dauricum Rhododendron]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers and leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron davidsonianum       [Davidsonianum Rhododendron]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flowering branches)  (flowers and leaves)
          (flowers)  (flowers and leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Day Dream’  (Biscuit form)     [Day Dream Rhododendron, Biscuit form]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)  (flowers)  (leaf)  (info)
  • Rhododendron    (deciduous azalea, examples)     [Deciduous Azalea]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, leafing out)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower)  (plant habit, after flowering)  (leaves)
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers)  (flowers, again)  (flowers, again)  (flowers, again)  (info)
  • Rhododendron degronianum ssp. yakushimanum     see  Rhododendron yakushimanum
  • Rhododendron ‘Delaware Valley White’   [Delaware Valley White Azalea]   Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers and leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Dora Amateis’      [Dora Amateis Rhododendron]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, before flowering)  (flower buds and leaves)  (plant habit, flowering)
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)  (flowers)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘El Camino’       [El Camino Rhododendron]     Common Name List
          (flower cluster)  (flower bud and leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Elisabeth Hobbie’       [Elisabeth Hobbie Rhododendron]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower cluster)  (flower cluster)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Elizabeth’       [Elizabeth Rhododendron]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower cluster)  (flower and leaves)  (leaves)  (leaves, again )
          (leaves, comparison)  (info)
  • Rhododendron falconeri ssp. falconeri       [Falconer Rhododendron]     Common Name List
          (plant habit and flowers)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Fantastic’       [Fantastic Rhododendron]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower cluster)  (info)
  • Rhododendron formosum var. formosum       [Formosum Rhododendron]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, start of flowering)  (flower buds and flowers)  (flower)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron forrestii ssp. forrestii       [Forrest Rhododendron]     Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leaves and flower)  (flower and leaves)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron fortunei ssp. discolor       [Fortune Discolor or Discolor Rhododendron]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower cluster)  (mature leaves)  (emerging leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Frilly Lemon’        [Frilly Lemon Azalea]     Common Name List
          (flower)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Gartendirektor Rieger’        [Gartendirektor Rieger Rhododendron]     Common Name List
          (flower clusters and leaves)  (flower buds)  (flower)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Girard's Purple’      [Girard's Purple Azalea]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower bud and leaves)  (flower)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Goldflimmer’        [Goldflimmer Rhododendron]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, before flowering)  (leaves and bud)  (opening flower buds)  (plant habit, flowering)
          (flower clusters and leaves)  (flowers)  (new leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Grace Seabrook’        [Grace Seabrook Rhododendron]     Common Name List
          (flower clusters and leaves)  (flower cluster)  (leaves and buds)  (info)
  • Rhododendron haematodes ssp. haematodes      [Haematodes Rhododendron]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers and leaves)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Hallelujha’       [Hallelujah Rhododendron]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, young plant flowering)  (flower buds)  (flower cluster)  (flower)  (faded flower cluster)
          (leaf)  (info)
  • Rhododendron hanceanum      [Hanceanum Rhododendron]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (leaves and flowers)  (flower cluster)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Hardijzer's Beauty’   [Hardijzer's Beauty Azaleodendron]    Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (leaves and flowers)  (flowers)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Harry Carter’   [Harry Carter Rhododendron]    Common Name List
          (flower clusters)  (flowers)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Hino Crimson’      [Hino Crimson Azalea]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers and leaves)  (leaves and flowers)  (flower)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Hinode Giri’      [Hinode Giri Azalea]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering again)  (leaves and flower buds)
          (flowers and leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron hippophaeoides var. hippophaeoides   [Hippophaeoides Rhododendron]  Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers and leaves)  (flower cluster)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron hodgsonii   [Hodgson Rhododendron]  Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower cluster)  (leaf)  (bark)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Honourable Jean Marie de Montague’      [Jean Marie Rhododendron]
       see  (Rhododendron ‘The Honourable Jean Marie de Montague’)
  • Rhododendron ‘Horizon Monarch’   [Horizon Monarch Rhododendron]    Common Name List
          (flower buds, flowers and leaves)  (flower)  (leaf)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Hotei’   [Hotei Rhododendron]    Common Name List
          (flowers)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron indicum 'Balsaminaeflorum'        [Balsaminaeflorum Azalea]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers and leaves)  (flowers)  (flower)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (info)
  • Rhododendron irroratum       [Irroratum Rhododendron]     Common Name List
          (flower cluster)  (flowers)  (stem and expanding leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Jean Marie de Montague’      [Jean Marie Rhododendron]
       see  (Rhododendron ‘The Honourable Jean Marie de Montague’)
  • Rhododendron ‘Jock’       [Jock Rhododendron]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers and leaves)  (flower cluster)  (flower cluster)  (opening flower bud)
          (opening flower)  (flower)  (flower)  (leaves)  (new growth)  (info)
  • Rhododendron johnstoneanum ‘Double Diamond’   [Double Diamond (Johnstone) Rhododendron]   Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers and leaves)  (flower)  (young leaf)  (info)
  • Rhododendron keiskei       [Keiskei Rhododendron]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers and leaves)  (flower)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Ken Janeck’       [Ken Janeck Rhododendron]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers)  (info)
  • Rhododendron kesangiae       [Kesangiae Rhododendron]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower buds opening)  (flower clusters and leaves)
          (flower cluster)  (plant habit, summer)  (leaf)  (leaves, underside)  (info)
  • Rhododendron kiusianum       [Kiusianum Azalea]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers and leaves)  (flowers)  (info)
  • Rhododendron lacteum       [Lacteum Rhododendron]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowering branches)  (leaves and flower cluster)  (flower cluster)
          (flowers)  (leaf)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Lee's Dark Purple’       [Lee's Dark Purple Rhododendron]      Common Name List
          (opening flower cluster)  (flower cluster)  (flowers)  (flower)  (upper petals and markings)  (leaf)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Lem's Cameo’       [Lem's Cameo Rhododendron]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Lem's Monarch’      [Lem's Monarch Rhododendron ]      Common Name List
        See  syn. ‘Pink Walloper’
  • Rhododendron    Lights Azalea Hybrids     [Lights Azalea Hybrid Series]     Common Name List
          (info)

      Several cultivars of Lights Azalea Hybrids:
  • Rhododendron ‘Loderi’ hybrid     [Loderi Hybrid Rhododendron]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron luteiflorum      [Luteiflorum Rhododendron]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers and leaves)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron lutescens      [Lutescens Rhododendron]       Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (large plant, flowering)  (flowers and leaves )
          (flowers)  (flowers and buds)  (leaves)  (new growth)  (info)
  • Rhododendron luteum      [Pontic Azalea]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower cluster)  (flower cluster)  (info)
  • Rhododendron macabeanum   [Macabeanum Rhododendron]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (leaf)  (info)
  • Rhododendron macrophyllum    [Western Rhododendron]  Native List  Common Name List
          (flowering in Oregon's Cascade Mountains)  (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)
          (flower cluster and leaves)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (flower clusters and leaves)
          (flower cluster)  (flowers)  (flower)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Moonstone’      [Moonstone Rhododendron]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers and leaves)  (flowers and leaves)  (flowers)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Mrs. Furnival’      [Mrs. Furnival Rhododendron]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (flower cluster)
          (flowers)  (leaf)  (flower cluster, comparison)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Mrs. G.W. Leak’    [Mrs. G.W. Leak Rhododendron]    Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)  (flower cluster)  (flower)  (leaf)
          (flower cluster, comparison)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Myrtifolium’      [Myrtifolium Rhododendron]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, before flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flowering branches)
          (flower cluster and leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron niveum    [Niveum Rhododendron]       Common NameList
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (flower cluster)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron occidentale     [Western Azalea]  Native List  Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (flowers)  (flowers)
          (flowers)  (young leaves)  (leaves)  (buds, winter)  (info)


    •   Many of the commercial selections offered as Rhododendron occidentale are actually hybrids, such as:
  • Rhododendron orbiculare ssp. orbiculare     [Orbiculare Rhododendron]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, winter)  (leaves)  (flowers about to open)  (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)
          (flower cluster)  (flower cluster)  (flowers)  (flower)  (info)
  • Rhododendron oreotrephes     [Oreotrephes Rhododendron]      Common NameList
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)  (flowers)  (flower)  (leaf)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Oudijk's Sensation’      [Oudijk's Sensation Rhododendron]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower buds and leaves)  (flower cluster)  (flower cluster)  (flower)  (leaves)
          (info)
  • Rhododendron ovatum     [Ovatum Rhododendron]       Common NameList
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower buds)  (flower buds and flowers)  (leaf)  (info)
  • Rhododendron pachytrichum       [Pachytrichum Rhododendron]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers and leaves)  (flower cluster)  (leaves)  (leaf, underside)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Peekaboo’      [Peekaboo Rhododendron]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers and leaves)  (plant habit, summer)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Pink Pearl’      [Pink Pearl Rhododendron]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, before flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers, flower buds and leaves)
          (flowers and flower buds)  (flower and flower buds)  (flower cluster)  (flowers)
          (leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Pink Walloper’  (syn. ‘Lem's Monarch’)   [Pink Walloper Rhododendron]   Common Name List
          (flower clusters and leaves)  (flower clusters)  (flower)  (leaves and bud)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Pioneer Silvery Pink’      [Pioneer Silvery Pink Rhododendron]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower cluster)  (leaves)  (plant habit, winter)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘P.J.M.’      [P.J.M. Rhododendron]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, winter color)  (leaves and buds, winter)  (leaves and buds, early spring)
          (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower cluster and leaves)
          (plant habit, new growth)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Point Defiance’       [Point Defiance Rhododendron]      Common Name List
          (flower clusters and leaves)  (flower cluster)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ponticum      [Pontic Rhododendron]       Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)  (flowers)  (flower)  (flower)  (flowers, inside)
          (leaves, upper surface)  (leaves, lower surface)  (info)


    •   A selection of Rhododendron ponticum:
  • Rhododendron ‘President Roosevelt’        [President Roosevelt Rhododendron]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (flower bud, flowers and leaves)  (flower cluster)  (flower)
          (leaves)  (leaf)  (info)
  • Rhododendron prinophyllum       [Roseshell Azalea]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers)  (leaves at flowering)  (info)
  • Rhododendron prunifolium       [Plumleaf Azalea]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering (mid-July))  (flowers and leaves)  (flowers)  (flowers with visitor)
          (flowers and leaves)  (info)
    • Note the spelling difference between the azalea ‘Purple Splendor’ and the rhododendron ‘Purple Splendour’.
  • Rhododendron ‘Purple Splendor’      [Purple Splendor Azalea]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers)  (flowers)
          (side view of flower)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Purple Splendour’       [Purple Splendour Rhododendron]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers and leaves)  (flower cluster)  (flower)  (leaf)  (info)
  • Rhododendron quinquefolium        [Quinquefolium Azalea]    Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers)  (expanding leaves and flowers)  (info)
  • Rhododendron racemosum        [Racemosum Rhododendron]    Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)  (flower cluster)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Ramapo’       [Ramapo Rhododendron]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers and leaves)  (flower)  (foliage and buds)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Rosamundi’      [Rosamundi Rhododendron]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (emerging flower cluster)  (flower cluster)
          (flower cluster and leaves)  (new and old flower clusters)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Roseum Elegans’      [Roseum Elegans Rhododendron]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower cluster)  (flowers)  (leaf)  (info)
  • Rhododendron roxieanum var. oreonasters      [Roxieanum Oreonasters Rhododendron]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (flower cluster)  (info)
  • Rhododendron rubiginosum       [Rubiginosum Rhododendron]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)  (flowers)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Sappho’      [Sappho Rhododendron]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower cluster)  (flowers)  (flower)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Scarlet Wonder’      [Scarlet Wonder Rhododendron]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (leaves and flowers)  (plant habit, fall)  (info)
  • Rhododendron schlippenbachii      [Royal Azalea]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, late flowering)
          (flowers and buds)  (flowers)  (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (leaves and flowers)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron serpyllifolium     [Wild Thyme Azalea]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (leaves, flower buds, and flowers)  (flowers, flower buds and leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron sinofalconeri     [Sinofalconer Rhododendron]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (flower cluster)  (info)
  • Rhododendron sinogrande     [Sinogrande Rhododendron]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (leaf)  (leaf, underside)  (growing point)  (info)
  • Rhododendron smirnowii      [Smirnow Rhododendron]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower cluster)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Snow Lady’      [Snow Lady Rhododendron]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers and leaves)  (flowers)
          (leaves)  (plant habit, after flowering)  (developing leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron stenopetalum ‘Linearifolium’      [Spider Azalea]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers and foliage)  (flower cluster and leaves)  (flower and leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Taurus’      [Taurus Rhododendron]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower buds, winter)  (flower buds)  (opening flower buds)  (flower cluster)
          (flower)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Temple Belle’    [Temple Belle Rhododendron]     Common Name List
          (leaves and buds)  (plant habit, start of flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)
          (flowers)  (flower)  (leaves)  (new growth)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘The Honourable Jean Marie de Montague’      [Jean Marie Rhododendron]  Common Name List
          (plant habit and buds, before flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower cluster and leaves)
          (flowers)  (flowers and leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron thomsonii ssp. thomsonii  (syn. R. thomsonii)   [Thomson Rhododendron]   Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower cluster)  (flower clustser, top view)  (leaf and flower calyx)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Trilby’      [Trilby Rhododendron]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower cluster)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Unique’       [Unique Rhododendron]      Common Name List
          (flower buds and cluster)  (flower and buds)  (opening flower cluster)  (plant habit, flowering)
          (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, late in flowering)  (older flower cluster)  (leaves and flower buds)
          (leaves)  (leaf)  (info)
  • Rhododendron wardii      [Ward Rhododendron]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers and leaves)  (flowers)  (leaves and opening flowers)  (info)
  • Rhododendron wiltonii      [Wilton Rhododendron]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower buds)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (flowers)  (leaves)
          (leaf, underside)  (plant habit, after flowering)  (info)
  • Rhododendron ‘Winsome’      [Winsome Rhododendron]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower buds and leaf)  (flower clusters)  (flower cluster)
          (flower, side)  (flower, front)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Rhododendron yakushimanum     [R. degronianum ssp. yakushimanum]   [Yak Rhododendron]
               Common Name List
          (plant habit, before flowering)  (leaves)  (leaves and opening flower buds)  (plant habit, flowering)
          (flowers)  (expanding leaves, after flowering)  (plant habit, summer)  (foliage)  (young leaves)  (info)
    • Rhodotypos       Rosaceae
    Black Jetbead       ro-do-TI-pos
    A single species in this genus, as deciduous shrub to 5 m (see below).
    Rhodotypos: from the Greek rhodon, rose, and typos, a reference to the similarity of the flower to that of a rose.
  • Rhodotypos scandens        [Black Jetbead]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers)  (flower and leaves)  (leaves)  (fruit, immature)
          (flowers with previous season's fruit)  (info)
    • Rhus       Anacardiaceae
    Sumac       roos
    About 200 species of deciduous or evergreen trees or shubs, sometime climbing, many are more or less poisonous.  Leaves alternate, simple or compound, leaflet entire or serrate.  Flowers very small, usually unisexual, 5 petals, 5 stamens, calyx deeply 5-lobed.  Fruit a small dry drupe.
    Rhus: the Greek, rhous, for the plant.
  • Rhus aromatica      [Fragrant Sumac]       Common Name List
          (leaves)  (leaf)  (leaves)  (leaves and fruit clusters, June)  (fruit cluster)  (leaves and buds, Sept.)  (info)

  • Rhus chinensis      [Chinese Sumac, Nutgall Tree]        Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leaf)  (leaflets and wings)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Rhus diversiloba  (syn. Toxicodendron diversilobum)  [Do Not Touch! ...its ][Poison Oak]
          Native List      Common Name List
          (young expanding leaf, early spring)  (leaves, early summer)  (leaves, vine on tree)
          (fruit clusters, summer)  (leafy branches, fall)  (branch, fall)  (vines on trees, fall)
          (leaves, fall)  (leaf and fruit, fall)  (info)
  • Rhus glabra   [Smooth Sumac]  Native List  Common Name List
          (plant habit, late spring)  (leafy shoot with young flower cluster)  (stem, late spring)
          (flower clusters and leaves)  (flower cluster)  (flowers)  (leaf)  (leaf,underside)
          (leaf, comparison)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaf)  (stem)  (leaf, fall)  (fruit cluster, fall)  (info)
  • Rhus integrifolia  [Lemonade Berry, Lemonade Sumac]    Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (branches)  (leaves and developing flower clusters)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Rhus lancea  [African Sumac, Willow Rhus, Karee]    Common Name List
          (plant habit, in habitat)  (plant habit, in a landscape)  (branch with leaves)
          (leaves and immature fruit)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Rhus ovata    [Sugar Bush, Sugar Sumac]    Common Name List
          (plant habit, start of flowering)  (developing flower clusters)  (plant habit, flowering)
          (foliage and flowers)  (leaves and flower clusters)  (leaf, flat)  (large branch, bark)  (info)
  • Rhus trilobata   [Skunkbush Sumac, Lemonade Sumac, Sourberry]  Native List  Common Name List
          (plant habit, in habitat)  (plant habit, in habitat)  (plant habit, in habitat)  (leaves)
          (leaves and developing fruit)  (plant habit, fruiting in habitat)  (leaves and fruit)
          (leaves and fruit)  (fruit cluster and leaf)  (info)
  • Rhus typhina      [Staghorn Sumac]       Common Name List
          (plant habit, summer)  (leaves)  (stem, velvety new growth)  (flower cluster and leaves, summer)
          (leaves and fruit, early fall)  (in habitat, fall)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves and fruit, fall)  (leaflets, fall)
          (fruit clusters, winter)  (fruit)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
    • Ribes       Grossulariaceae
    Currant, Gooseberry       ri-BEEZ
    Some 150 species of small to medium sized shrubs, deciduous, occasionally evergreen, often with prickly stems.  Leaves alternate, simple, frequently lobed, short petiole, folded in the bud stage.  Flowers usually bisexual, often 5-parted, sometimes 4, petals green or green-white.  Fruit a juicy, few to many seeded berry.
    Ribes: an Arabic name properly belonging to Rheum.
  • Ribes aureum   [Golden Currant]   Native List   Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (flowers and foliage)  (leaves)  (flowers and leaves)  (flowers)  (plant habit, fall)
          (leaves, fall)  (info)
  • Ribes cereum    [Wax Currant]  Native List   Common Name List
          (young plant habit, spring flowering)  (flowers and leaves)  (leaf and flower cluster)  (flower cluster)
          (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (leafy branch)  (leaves)  (developing fruit)  (stems, bark)  (info)
  • Ribes divaricatum    [Coast Black Gooseberry]  Native List   Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (leaves and flowers)  (flower)  (stem after flowering)
          (leaves and fruit)  (fruit)  (plant habit and twig, fall)  (info)
  • Ribes × gordonianum   [Gordon's Currant]      Common Name List
          (flowering plant habit, flowers and leaves)  (info)
  • Ribes malvaceum    [Chaparral Currant]      Common Name List
          (flowering plant habit, flowers and leaves)  (info)
  • Ribes nevadense    [Mountain Pink Currant, Sierra Currant]  Native List    Common Name List
          (plant habit, leaves, fruit)  (plant habit and buds, early spring)  (info)
  • Ribes odoratum (syn. R. aureum var. villosum)  [Golden Currant, Missouri Currant]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering in hedgerow)  (plant habit, flowering in landscape)  (flowers)
          (leaves)  (plant habit, after flowering)  (developing fruit)  (winter twigs and buds)  (info)
  • Ribes sanguineum    [Flowering Currant]  Native List  Common Name List
          (plant habit, start of flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering hedge)
          (flowering branches)  (red, white and pink flower clusters)  (leaves and flowers)
          (leaf, spring)  (flower to fruit)  (developing and ripe fruit)  (leaf, summer)
          (fruit and leaves, fall)  (plant habit and leaf, fall)  (buds, winter)  (info)


    •  Three cultivars of Ribes sanguineum:
    Robinia       Fabaceae, Leguminosae
          ro-BIN-e-a
    About 20 species of deciduous shrubs and trees, branches often somewhat angular.  Leaves alternate, compound (odd-pinnate), leafets opposite, entire; stipules often present in the form of stout thorns.  Flowers white to purple-pink, in dense pendulous clusters (racemes).  Fruit a pod, linear, flat.  Native to North America and Mexico.
    Robinia: after Jean Robin, hebalist to Henry IV of France.
  • Robinia neomexicana   [New Mexican Locust]    Common Name List
          (plant habit, small shrub)  (plant habit, shrub)  (leaves)  (leaves)  (leaflets)  (stems and thorns)
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower cluster)  (info)
  • Robinia pseudoacacia    [Black Locust]  Native List  Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leaves)  (leaf, comparison)  (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)
          (flowers and leaves)  (leaves and flowers)  (leaves and fruit)  (winter twig, buds)
          (bark, trunk)  (info)


    •  A few cultivars of Robinia pseudoacacia:
  • Robinia Purple Robe™       [Purple Robe Locust]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (flowers and leaflets)  (info)
    • Rosa       Rosaceae
    Rose       RO-za
    Some 100-150 species of deciduous, sometime evergreen, shrubs; upright, arching, or climbing, stems usually with prickles ("thorns") or bristles.  Leaves alternate, compound (odd pinnate), occasionally simple, with persistent stipules, leaflets toothed.  Flowers solitary or in clusters at the end of lateral shoots, usually 5 sepals and 5 petals, numerous stamens and pistils.  The pistils are usually enclosed by a urn-shaped receptacle which develops into a orange or red berry-like fruit (hip) when ripe; it contains many achenes.   Native to temperate and subtropical regions in the Northern Hemisphere; in Europe, North America to northern Mexico, Africa to Ethiopia, in Asia to the Himalayas and the Philippines.
    Rosa: Latin name for these plants.
    The New Royal Horticultural Society Dictionary of Gardening (Huxley, 1992) points out that "problems of classification and naming are rife in this genus" and that "a new revision is urgently needed", the last complete account of Rosa was by Lindley (Rosarum Monographia) in 1820.
  • Rosa eglanteria    [Sweetbriar Rose]  Native List  Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (single plant, flowering)  (pink flower and leaf)  (white flowers)
          (leaf)  (stems and prickles ("thorns"))  (fruit and leaves)  (info)
  • Rosa gymnocarpa    [Little Wood Rose]  Native List  Common Name List
          (info)
  • Rosa multiflora    [Multiflora Rose]  Native List  Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (flower cluster)  (leaf)  (info)
  • Rosa nutkana    [Nootka Rose]  Native List  Common Name List
          (plant habit, late spring)  (leaf)  (leaf base (stipules) and stem (prickle))
          (flower buds and flower)  (info)
  • Rosa rugosa      [Rugosa Rose, Beach Tomato]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower and leaves)  (leaf)  (leaves and fruit (hip))
          (fruit (hips))  (info)
  • Rosa woodsii    [Woods' Rose]  Native List  Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers and leaves)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (stem with thorns (prickles))
          (plant habit, fruiting)  (fruit and leaves)  (fruit)  (info)
    • Rosmarinus       Lamiaceae, Labiatae
    Rosemary       ros-ma-RI-nus
    Two species of low growing evergreen shrubs.  Leaves opposite, simple, linear, margin entire, often aromatic.  Flowers in short axillary clusters (racemes), densely arranged, bluish to white.  Fruit composed of 4 ovate nutlets.  Native to the Mediterranean region, southern Europe and north Africa.
    Rosmarinus: Latin, ros, dew and marinus, of the sea; a reference to their marine habitat.
  • Rosmarinus officinalis      [Rosemary]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, spring flowering)  (plant habit, spring and summer)  (erect plant habit, flowering)
          (trailing plant habit, flowering)  (leaves)  (flowers and leaves)  (flower and leaves)  (info)
    • Rubus       Rosaceae
          RUB-us
    Some 250 erect, trailing or prostrate shrubs, shoots dying down in winter  Leaves alternate, simple or compound, stipules present.  Flowers white or pink, calyx and corolla 5-parted, numerous stamens.  Fruit is a single-seeded dupe, usually grouped in an aggregate fruit form.  Native mostly to the Northern Hemisphere, but also found in Africa, Australia, New Zealand and Pacific Islands.
    Rubus: the Latin name for the plant.
  • Rubus armeniacus   (syn. R. discolor, R. procerus)  [Himalayan Blackberry]  Native List  Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (leaves and flowers)  (new shoot or cane (primocane))  (leaf)  (leaf)
          (flowers)  (flower)  (developing fruit)  (ripening fruit)  (fruit and leaf)  (stem (cane) segments, thorns)
          (leaves, fall)  (info)
  • Rubus calycinoides  (syn. R. pentalobus)    [Crinkle-leaf Creeper]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (elongating shoots)  (flowers and leaves)  (plant habit, fruiting)  (leaves and fruit)
          (fruit)  (info)
  • Rubus laciniatus     [Evergreen Blackberry]  Native List   Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower cluster)  (flower)
          (plant habit, fruiting)  (leaves and immature fruit)  (leaf and immature fruit)
          (stems (canes), thorns)  (info)
  • Rubus leucodermis     [Western Raspberry, Blackcap]  Native List  Common Name List
          (spring growth in habitat, floricanes)  (floricane stems, spring)  (floricane leaves)
          (flowering in habitat)  (flowering shoots)  (flower bud and flower)  (flower cluster)
          (fruiting, in habitat)  (leaves and developing fruit)  (developing fruit)  (primo- and floricanes)
          (primocane stem with thorns)  (primocane leaf)  (fruiting in habitat)  (floricane, ripening fruit)
          (leaf and fruit cluster)  (fruit cluster)  (leaves and ripe fruit)  (info)
  • Rubus lineatus
          (plant habit)  (leafy shoots)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (leaflet, underside)  (info)
  • Rubus odoratus    [Flowering Raspberry, Purple-flowering Raspberry]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (leaf)  (flower buds and flowers)  (flower)  (info)
  • Rubus parviflorus     [Thimbleberry]  Native List   Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (leaves)  (leaf and margin)  (flowers)  (plant habit, fruiting)
          (fruit)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaf, fall)  (info)
  • Rubus spectabilis     [Salmonberry]  Native List   Common Name List
          (plant habit, spring)  (young shoots)  (spring foliage and flowers)  (flower and leaf)  (leaf)
          (young stem, prickles)  (flower)  (expanding leaves and deveoping fruit)  (leaves and ripening fruit)
          (ripening fruit)  (info)
  • Rubus tricolor    [Creeping Bramble]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leaves)  (leaf and stem)  (info)
  • Rubus ursinus     [Western or Trailing Blackberry]  Native List   Common Name List
          (plant habit, stems (canes))  (leaf)  (stems and leaves)  (stems)  (flowers)
          (plant habit, fruiting)  (leaves and ripening fruit)  (leaves and ripening fruit)
          (leaf and fruit)  (leaves and fruit)  (info)
    Salix       Salicaceae
    Willow       SA-liks
    About 200 species of prostrate shrubs to large trees, most are deciduous and dioecious (staminate (male) and pistillate (female) flowers borne on different plants).  Leaves are often lanceolate and alternate, rarely nearly opposite, margin toothed, short petioles, and stipules often present.  Flowers usually appearing with or before the leaves, small, in dense catkins.  Found over all the world, except Australia, especially in temperate climates.
    Salix: classic Latin name for willow, also from the Celtic sel, near, and lis, water.
  • Salix caprea ‘Kilmarnock’      [Kilmarnock Willow]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, late winter and spring)  (pendant branches and catkins)
          (plant habit, summer)  (info)
  • Salix ‘Golden Curls’      [Golden Curls Corkscrew Willow]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, winter)  (branches, spring)  (branches and leaves, summer)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Salix integra ‘Hakuro Nishiki’      [Dapple Willow]       Common Name List
          (plant habit, spring)  (plant habit, spring)  (foliage, spring)  (new leaves)  (shoots)  (plant habit, summer)
          (plant habit, summer)  (shoots)  (leaves, summer)  (plant habit, fall)  (leafy shoot, fall)  (leaves, fall)
          (leaf surface and margin)  (plant habit, winter)  (info)
  • Salix magnifica       [Magnolia-leaf Willow, Magnificent Willow]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, young plant)  (shoot and branch)  (leaves and male catkins)  (leaf)
          (leaf, underside and margin)  (male catkins before and at pollen release)  (info)
  • Salix matsudana ‘Tortuosa’      [Corkscrew Willow, Contorted Willow]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, branch and leaves, spring)  (plant habit, summer)  (leafy shoot)  (leaves)
          (plant habit and branches, winter)  (trunk, bark and branches)  (info)
  • Salix pentandra      [Laurel Willow]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Salix purpurea      [Purpleosier Willow, Alaska Blue Willow]     Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (plant habit, pruned)  (leaves and stems)  (winter twig and buds)  (info)

  • Salvia officinalis      [Garden or Common Sage]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (flowers)  (leaves)  (info)
    • Sambucus       Caprifoliaceae   (Honeysuckle Family)
    Elderberry, Elder       sam-BEW-kus
    About 25 species of perennial herbs or deciduous shrubs or small trees; branches are often thick, with solid pith, and covered with lenticels.  Leaves are opposite, compound (pinnate), and leaflets serrate.  Flowers are white, small, numerous, 5-parted, 5 stamens, 3 styles, in broad clusters.  Fruit is a berry-like drupe, 3-5 seeded.  Native to the Northern Hemisphere, east and northwest Africa, South America, eastern Australia, and Tasmania.
    Sambucus: a Latin word, possibly from sambuca, a kind of a harp made from Elderberry wood (S. nigra).
  • Sambucus caerulea  (syn. S. mexicana, S. cerulea, S. nigra ssp. caerulea) [Blue Elderberry]
               Native List      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flowering, McKenzie Pass)  (flower cluster)  (leaves)
          (leaf attachment)  (leaves)  (leaflets)  (leaflets, comparison)  (plant habit, ripening fruit)  (ripening fruit)
          (plant habit, ripe fruit)  (leaves and fruit clusters)  (fruit cluster)  (fruit cluster, comparison)  (stems)
          (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Sambucus canadensis  (syn. S. nigra ssp. canadensis)    [American Elderberry or Elder]        Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower cluster and flowers)  (flower cluster and young fruit cluster)
          (branch with young fruit cluster)  (leaf)  (leaves)  (leaflets, upper surface and margin)
          (leaflets, comparison)  (plant habit, fruiting)  (fruit clusters and leaves)  (ripening fruit)
          (fruit cluster, ripe)  (fruit cluster, comparison)  (branches)  (info)
  • Sambucus nigra   [Common, European or Black Elderberry or Elder]        Common Name List
          (flowering in habitat)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)  (leaf)  (leaf, underside)  (info)


    •   Some selections of Sambucus nigra:
  • Sambucus racemosa    [Red Elderberry]  Native List  Common Name List
          (in habitat, spring flowering)  (plant habit, spring flowering)  (flower clusters and leaves)
          (flower clusters and flowers)  (developing fruit clusters)  (plant habit, fruiting)  (fruit and leaf)
          (fruit cluster and fruit)  (leaf)  (leaflets, comparison)  (stem)  (info)
    • Santolina       Asteraceae, Compositae   
          san-to-LEEN-a
    A genus of about 18 species of aromatic, small evergreen shrubs or shublets.  Leaves small, alternate, margins entire to finely dentate.  Flower clusters on a long stalk.  Native to the Mediterranean.
    Santolina: from sanctum linum, holy flax, the old name for S. virens.
  • Santolina chamaecyparissus      [Lavender Cotton]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, spring (before flowering))  (plant habit, spring, older plant)  (branches)
          (plant habit, flowering, summer)  (flowers)  (info)
  • Santolina virens      [Green Lavender Cotton, Green Santolina]       Common Name List
          (plant habit, spring)  (branchlets, spring)  (plant habit, flowering, summer)  (info)
    • Sapindus       Sapindaceae
    Soapberry       sa-PIN-dus
    Some 13 species of deciduous or evergreen trees and shrubs.  Leaves simple or pinnately compound (14-30 leaflets), margins entire, occasionally serrate.  Flowers in terminal or axillary clusters, small, white, tinged with yellow, 4-5 petals, 8-10 stamens.  Fruit more or less spherical, flesly, leathery drupe.  Native to the tropics and subtropics of the Old and New Worlds.
    Sapindus: from Latin sapo, soap, and indicus, Indians; a soap was made from fruit (aril) of S. saponaria by North American natives.
  • Sapindus drummondii      [Western Soapberry]     Common Name List
          (leaves, expanding)  (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (canopy)  (leaf)  (leaves)  (leaflets)
          (leaves and immature flower clusters)  (immature flower cluster)  (leaves and flower cluster)
          (flower cluster, flowers and bees)  (immature fruit)  (immature fruit)  (limbs, trunk, bark)
          (plant habit and leaves, fall)  (ripe fruit)  (winter, plant habit and fruit)  (winter twigs and buds)
          (info)
    • Sarcococca       Buxaceace
    Sweet Box       sar-ko-KOK-a
    Some 11 species of evergreen shrubs, often low, or small trees.  Leaves leathery, alternate, occasionally subopposite, near ends of shoots, glabrous, entire, with short petioles.  Flowers very small, whitish, without petals, in compact axillary clusters, male flowers (4 free stamens) at the apex and female flowers (2-3 styles) at the base.  Fruit ovoid or globose berry, red, purple to black.  Native to southeast Asia, Himalaya, western China.
    Sarcococca: from sarco, flesh, and kokkos: a berry (i.e., fleshy fruit).
  • Sarcococca confusa      [Fragrant Sarcococca]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (leafy shoot and twig)  (shoots, comparison)  (leaves and flowers)
          (flowering shoot)  (flowers)  (flowers, comparison)  (ripening fruit, late fall)  (flowers and fruit)
          (info)
  • Sarcococca hookeriana       [Himalayan Sarcococca]     Common Name List
          (info)

       The "common representative" of this species:
    Sassafras       Lauraceae
          SAS-ah-fras
    Three species of deciduous, aromatic trees, branches intially smooth and green.  Leaves alternate, entire or with 1-3 lobes, one-lobed leaves appear mitten-shaped.  Flowers unisexual or bisexual, several in a cluster before leaves appear, calyx 6-lobed, corolla absent, male flower has 9 stamen, femlae flower has one style and 6 stamenodes (sterile stamens).  Fruit an ovate drupe on a fleshy stalk.  Native to eastern North America and eastern Asia.
    Sassafras: possibly an adaptation of a Native American name or from the Spanish salsafras.
  • Sassafras albidum      [Common Sassafras]     Common Name List
          (bud break, spring)  (new leaves and flower buds)  (flowers, spring)  (plant habit)  (foliage)
          (leaves)  (leaves)  (plant habit, fall)  (foliage, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (winter twigs and buds)
          (info)
    • Sciadopitys       Sciadopityaceae, or Pinaceae, or Taxodiaceae
    Umbrella Pine       si-a-DOP-i-tis
    A single species (see below).
    Sciadopitys: from the Greek skias or skiados, an umbrella or parasal, and pitys, a fir or pine.
  • Sciadopitys verticillata      [Umbrella Pine]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (branches)  (leaves (needles))  (needles)  (cone and leaves)
          (mature cone and leaves)  (info)
  •    Senecio greyi  see  Brachyglottis greyi
    • Sequoia       Taxodiaceae, Cupressaceae
    Coastal Redwood, Coast Redwood, California Redwood       se-KWOY-a
    A single species (see below).
    Sequoia: after Sequoiah (1770-1843) (or Sequoyah), son of a British merchant and a Cherokee woman, developed a series of syllable characters allowing the Cherokee language to be written.
  • Sequoia sempervirens    [Coastal Redwood]  Native List  Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (branchlets and male cones)  (branches, cones)  (needles and cone)
          (needles, underside)  (cones)  (needles, comparison)  (trunk, bark)  (trunk, very old tree)
          (info)


    •    Three selection of Sequoia sempervirens:       Are ‘Adpressa’ and ‘Albospica’ actually the same or different plants?  A few comments from authorities:
    Sequoiadendron       Taxodiaceae, Cupressaceae
    Sierra Redwood, Giant Sequoia, Big Tree       se-KWOY-a-DEN-dron
    A single species (see below).
    Sequoia: after Sequoiah (1770-1843) and the Greek dendron, tree.
  • Sequoiadendron giganteum      [Sierra Redwood]     Common Name List
          (    plant habit)  (foliage)  (branchlets)  (branchlets)  (leaves)  (branchlets and male cones)
          (immature cones)  (needles, comparison)  (trunk)  (trunks in landscape)  (info)


    •    Three cultivars of Sequoiadendron giganteum:
    Shepherdia       Elaeagnaceae
    Buffaloberry       shef-HAIR-dee-a
    Three species, all found in North America.  Deciduous or evergreen shrubs or small trees, branches often thorny, covered with small, scruffy scales (lepidote).  Leaves opposite, simple, oblong-ovate to oblong-lanceolate, margain entire, silvery, lepidote, with a petiole.  Dioecious (male and female plants), small flowers appearing before leaves, fruits berry-like.
    Shepherdia: after John Shepherd, British botanist.
  • Shepherdia argentea    [Silver Buffaloberry]  Native List  Common Name List
          (plant habit and shoot)  (branch with thorns)  (plant habit, fruiting)  (leaves and fruit)  (leafy shoot)
          (leafy shoot, underside)  (branch, leaves and buds)  (twig and buds, winter)  (info)
  • Shepherdia canadensis    [Russet Buffaloberry, Soapberry]  Native List  Common Name List
          (leaves)  (info)
    • Sideroxylon       Sapotaceae
    Bully Trees       si-der-oh-XI-lon
    A genus of some 70 species of deciduous or evergreen shrubs and trees, collectively known as bully trees.   The plants often have gummy or milky sap and extremely hard wood.  They are typically found in warm temperate and tropical regions, especially in North, Central and South America, however some are native to Africa and Indian Ocean islands.
    Sideroxylon: Greek sideros, iron, and xylon, wood; alluding to durability.
  • Sideroxylon lanuginosum   (formerly Bumelia lanuginosa)    [Gum Bumelia, Woolly-buckthorn, Chittimwood]  
              Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leaves)  (leaves and unopened flower clusters)  (leaves and developing fruit)
          (stem, thorn and leaves)  (stem and leaf)  (plant habit, Sept.)  (leafy branch, Sept.)  (info)
    • Simmondsia       Simmondsiaceae
    Jojoba, Goatnut       sim-MONDS-ee-uh
    Single species in this genus, see below.
    Simmondsia: after Thomas William Simmonds (1767-1804), an English botanist who died exploring Trinidad.
  • Simmondsia chinensis      [Jojoba, Goatnut]     Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (branches)  (male plant habit, flowering and flower clusters)
          (leaves and developing female flowers)  (female flowers and leaves)  (info)
    × Sinocalycalycanthus raulstonii ‘Hartlage Wine’       see  Calycanthus raulstonii  ‘Hartlage Wine’
    Skimmia       Rutaceae
          SKIM-ee-a
    Four species of evergreen shrubs and trees, generally shade tolerant, slow growing and aromatic; unisexual or bisexual.  Leaves are simple, alternate, from obovate to elliptic, glossy green, mostly in terminal clusters.  Flowers are white or cream colored, star-shaped, in conical clusters.  Fruit are fleshy, red or black (sometimes white), and spherical; in unisexual species both male and female plants are needed to obtain fruit.    Native from the Himalayas to southeast Asia, China and Japan.
    Skimmia: from the Japanese name, shikimi
  • Skimmia japonica       [Japanese Skimmia]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, spring flowering male plant)  (leaves and male flowers)  (leaves)
          (flowering male and female plants)  (male and female flowers)  (flowers, close-up)
          (plant habit, summer)  (leafy shoots)  (leaves and immature fruit)  (plant habit, fruiting)
          (leaves and fruit)  (info)
  • Skimmia reevesiana   (syn. Skimmia japonica ssp. reevesiana)   [Reeves Skimmia]       Common Name List
          (foliage and flower buds, spring)  (leaves and flowers)  (flowers and leaves)  (flowers)  (info)
  • Smilacina racemosa       [False Solomon's Seal]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, in woods)  (plant habit, in a landscape)  (leaves)
          (flowering plants and flower cluster)  (info)
    • Sophora       Fabaceae
          so-FO-ra
    About 50 species of deciduous and evergreen shrubs, trees and perennials.   Leaves are alternate, compound (pinnate).  Flowers are pea-like, mostly white, cream, gray-blue, or lilac, in short clusters (racemes).  Fruit are pods, often constricted between the seeds.  Widely distributed in temperate and tropical regions, especially southeast Asia, New Zealand, and Chile.
    Sophora: from the Arabic, sophera, a tree with pea-shaped flowers.
  • Sophora japonica   (syn. Styphnolobium japonicum)   [Japanese Pagodatree, Scholar-tree]  Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (flower cluster)  (flowers)
          (leaf)  (leaves and fruit)  (leaves and fruit)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (plant habit, winter)  (fruit, winter)
          (trunk, bark)  (winter twigs and buds)  (info)
  • Sophora secundiflora      [Mescal Bean, Texas Mountain Laural, Frijolito]   Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (leaf)  (flower clusters)  (plant habit, fruiting)  (leaves and fruit cluster)
          (fruit)  (fruit and seeds)  (info)

    • Sorbus       Rosaceae
    Mountain Ash       SOR-bus
    About 100 species of deciduous trees or shrubs, buds rather large and with overlapping scales.  Leaves alternate, simple or pinnately (odd) compound, with stipules.  Flowers usually bisexual and white, in compound clusters (corymb), 5 sepals, 5 petals, and 15-20 stamens.  Fruit a small pome (apple-like).  Native to the Northern Hemisphere.
    Sorbus: from the Latin sorbum, the name Pliny used for the fruit of Sorbus domestica.
  • Sorbus alnifolia      [Korean Mountain Ash]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, summer and fall)  (leaves)  (leaves and developing fruit)
          (plant habit, fall)  (mature fruit and leaves)  (leaves and fruit, late fall)  (info)
  • Sorbus aria      [Whitebeam Mountain Ash]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, summer)  (leaves)  (leaves and immature fruit)
          (leaves and ripening fruit)  (fruit and leaf)  (fruit and leaves, fall)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Sorbus aucuparia      [European Mountain Ash]      Common Name List
          (flower cluster)  (plant habit)  (plant habit, summer fruiting)  (plant habit, summer fruiting)
          (leaves and fruit)  (leaf)  (leaf, underside)  (bud, summer)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaf, fall)
          (winter twigs, buds)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

  • Sorbus koehneana      [Chinese Mountain Ash]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, fruiting)  (leaves and fruit)  (fruit cluster)  (leaf)  (info)
  • Sorbus scopulina    [Greene Mountain Ash, Western Mountain Ash]  Native List  Common Name List
          (flower cluster and leaves, May)  (info)
  • Sorbus sitchensis    [Sitka Mountain Ash, Pacific Mountain Ash]  Native List  Common Name List
          (leaves)  (leaves and fruit clustser)  (developing fruit clusters)  (twig, bud and leaflets)
          (fruit and leaves, late summer)  (leaves and fruit, fall)  (plant habit, fall)  (fruit and leaves, fall)
          (leaves, fall)  (info)
  • Sorbus yunan       Common Name List
          (plant habit, fruiting)  (leaves and fruit)  (leaf)  (leaf, underside)  (fruit)  (trunk, limbs and bark)  (info)
    • Spiraea       Rosaceae
    Spirea (note difference in spelling, i.e. Spirea vs. Spiraea)       spi-RE-a
    Some 80 or more species of deciduous shrubs.  Leaves alternate, simple, serrate, dentate, or lobed, usually with short petioles.  Flowers white, pink, or reddish, in clusters, usually bisexual, 5 sepals, 4-5 petals, numerous stamens.  Fruit usually has 2-10 oblong seeds.  Native to Asia, Europe, North America, and Mexico.
    Spiraea: from the Greek speiraia, a plant used for garlands.
  • Spiraea × arguta      [Garland Spirea]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, spring flowering)  (flowering branches)  (flowering branches, comparison)
          (flowers)  (branches after flowering)  (plant habit, summer)  (info)
  • Spiraea betulifolia    [Birch-leaf Spirea, Shiny-leaf Spirea]  Native List  Common Name List
          (elongating shoots)  (leaves)  (info)

       A common selection of Spiraea betulifolia:
  • Spiraea × bumalda  see Spiraea japonica ‘Bumalda’
  • Spiraea densiflora    [Mountain Spirea]  Native List   Common Name List
          (plant habit, start of flowering)  (foliage and flower clusters)  (flowering shoots)
          (flower clusters)  (leaves)  (plant habit after flowering and seed head)  (info)
  • Spiraea douglasii    [Douglas Spirea, Western Spirea]  Native List  Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (leaves, expanding and mature)  (flower cluster)  (flowers and leaf)
          (shoots, fall)  (plant habit, fruit cluster, winter)  (info)
  • Spiraea fritschiana      [Korean Spirea]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, spring flowering)  (leaves and flower clusters)  (flower cluster)  (leaf)  (info)
  • Spiraea japonica      [Japanese Spirea]   Common Name List
          (info)


    •    Some common selections of Spiraea japonica:
  • Spiraea nipponica      [Nippon Spirea]    Common Name List
          (info)


    •    Some common selections of Spiraea japonica:
  • Spiraea prunifolia ‘Plena’       [Bridalwreath Spirea]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, spring)  (flowers)  (plant habit, summer)  (shoots)  (leaves)
          (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (info)
  • Spiraea thunbergii      [Thunberg Spirea]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, spring flowering)  (spring flowering)  (flowering branches)
          (flowering branches, comparison)  (leaves and flowers)  (plant habit, summer)  (info)
  • Spiraea × vanhouttei      [Van Houtte Spirea, Bridalwreath Spirea]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, start of flowering)  (plant habit, full bloom)  (flowering branches)  (flowers clusters)
          (flowers and leaves)  (leaves)  (leafy shoots)  (leaves, comparison)  (plant habit and leaves, fall)
          (info)
    • Stachyurus       Stachyuraceae
          sta-kee-U-rus
    Some 10 species of deciduous shrubs or small trees.  Leaves simple, alternate, thin, and serrate.  Flowers in terminal and axillary clusters (racemes or spikes), each flower small, bisexual, but sometimes unisexual in cultivation, petals not united, 8 stamens.  Fruit is a globose, many seeded berry.  Native to east Asia and Himalayas.
    Stachyurus: stachys (spike), oura (tail), alluding to the long flower clusters (racemes).
  • Stachyurus praecox       [Early Spiketail]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowering branches)  (flower clusters)
          (plant habit, summer)  (leafy shoots)  (leaves)  (fruit)  (info)
    • Stewartia       Theaceae   (Camellia Family)
          stu-AR-ti-a
    About 9 species of tall deciduous shrubs or small trees with exfoliating bark.  Leaves alternate, simple, toothed, with short petioles.  Flowers usually solitary, terminal or axillary, large, petals (5-8) white or cream, usually fused at the base, numerous stamens.  Fruit is a woody capsule, splitting into 5 valves.  Native to eastern North America and eastern Asia.
    Stewartia: after John Stuart, 1713-92, 3rd Earl of the Isle of Bute, a patron of botany.  Some have suggested that the spelling should by changed to Stuartia and, indeed, it is occasionally listed as such.  However, Krüssmann (1976) did not support the change and retained the former spelling because "it has yet to be proven whether or not this was the spelling intended by Linnaeus." (One hopes that common sense will prevent the change.)
  • Stewartia koreana      [Korean Stewartia]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, small tree)  (leaves, flower bud)  (opening flower bud and flower)
          (flowers and leaves)  (stem, leaves, stipules)  (plant habit and leaves, fall)  (fruit, fall)
          (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Stewartia monadelpha      [Tall Stewartia]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, summer)  (leaves and flowers)  (leaves and flower)  (leaves and flowers, comparison)
          (leaves and fruit)  (leaves and fruit, comparison)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (trunk, bark)
          (trunk, bark)  (twigs and buds, winter)  (info)
  • Stewartia pseudocamellia      [Japanese Stewartia]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, summer)  (leaves and flower buds, May)  (flower development)
          (foliage and flowers, June)  (flowers and leaves)  (leaves and flowers)  (flower center)
          (leaves and margin)  (leaves and flowers, comparison)  (leaves and fruit)
          (leaves and fruit, comparison)  (plant habit and leaves, fall)  (plant habit and leaves, fall)
          (fall leaves, with Viburnum davidii)  (leaves and fruit, fall)  (fruit, fall)  (trunk, bark)
          (trunk, bark)  (buds, winter)  (info)
  • Stewartia rostrata      [Rostrata Stewartia]     Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leafy shoot)  (leaves, flower buds, and fruit)  (plant habit, fruiting)
          (fruiting branch)  (fruit)  (info)
     Stuartia   see  Stewartia above.
     Styphnolobium japonicum   see  Sophora japonica.
    Styrax       Styracaceae
    Snowbell, Storax       STI-raks
    About 100 species of evergreen or deciduous shrubs and small trees, branches initially have stellate (hairs in star-like tufts) pubescence.  Leaves alternate, more or less pubescent, short petioles.  Flowers white, solitary or in clusters, corolla deeply 5-lobed, 10 stamens, rarely to 16.  Fruit a dry or fleshy drupe, 1-2 seeded.  Native to North and South America, Asia, and Europe.
    Styrax: Greek name for the plant.
  • Styrax japonicus      [Japanese Snowbell]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, spring and summer)  (plant habit, shrub form)  (plant habit, shrub/tree)  (shrub/tree, sheared)
          (leafy shoot)  (flower buds and leaves)  (flowering branches)  (flowers and leaves)  (leaves)  (fruit, summer)
          (plant habit, fall)  (fruit, fall)  (trunk, bark)  (twig, winter)  (winter twigs and buds)  (info)
  • Styrax obassia      [Fragrant Snowbell]       Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (branches, flowering)  (leaf and flowers)  (leaves)  (flower cluster)
          (fruit cluster and fruit)  (trunk and bark)  (winter twigs and buds, comparison)  (info)
    • Symphoricarpos       Caprifoliaceae   (Honeysuckle Family)
    Snowberry, Coralberry       sim-fo-ri-KAR-pos
    About 17 species of low, deciduous shrubs, usually freely branching and suckering.  Leaves opposite, simple, usually entire, sometimes with teeth or lobed, short petioles.  Flowers small and inconspicuous, perfect, pink or white, 4-5 lobed.  Fruit a white, red, or black berry with 2 seeds.  Native to North and Central America and China.
    Symphoricarpos: from the Greek symphorein, bear together, and karpos, fruit.  Apparently a reference to the close grouping of the berries that they appears to be a compound fruit.
  • Symphoricarpos albus    [Common Snowberry]  Native List  Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (plant habit, larger)  (leaves, variation)  (leaves and flowers)  (developing fruit)  (leaves and fruit)
          (leaves and fruit)  (leaves and fruit, fall)  (plant habit and fruit, winter)  (info)
  • Symphoricarpos × doorenbosii    [Doorenbos Snowberry or Coralberry]    Common Name List
          (info)
  • Symphoricarpos mollis    [Creeping or Spreading Snowberry]  Native List  Common Name List
          (info)
  • Symphoricarpos orbiculatus   [Indiancurrant Coralberry, Coralberry]    Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leafy shoot)  (leaves)  (plant habit, fall)  (leafy shoot with fruit, fall)
          (fruit, fall)  (info)
    Symplocos       Symplocaceae
    Sweetleaf       sim-PLO-kos
    About 250 species, mainly tropical or subtropical, of deciduous or evergreen trees or shrubs, usually glabrous, occasionally pubescent.  Leaves alternate, simple, margins entire or toothed.  Flowers usually bi-sexual, mostly in axillary spikes or racemes, calyx tube short at flowering, enlarging when in fruit, stamens mumerous, ovaries with 2-5 locules.  Fruits a berry or drupe, usually with only 1 seed.  Native to North and South America, Australia and east Asia.
    Symplocos: from Greek, symploke,, a connection, apparently a reference to the united stamens of the flowers.
  • Symplocos paniculata      [Sapphire Berry, Asiatic Sweetleaf]      Common Name List
          (expanding leaves and flower clusters)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers and leaves)
          (flower cluster and leaf)  (plant habit, summer)  (leafy shoot)  (leaf)  (leaf, underside)
          (leaf margin and stem)  (young fruit)  (plant habit, fall fruiting)  (leaves and fruit)  (fruit)
          (plant habit and leaves, fall)  (fruit, winter)  (twigs and buds, winter)  (info)
    • Syringa       Oleaceae
    Lilac        si-RING-ga
    About 20 species of deciduous shrubs or small trees, rarely evergreen.  Leaves opposite, simple, or lobed to compound (pinnate).  Flowers are small, 4-lobed corolla with two stamens, in showy terminal or lateral clusters (panicle, thyrses), from white to red to purple, fragrant.  Fruit is a tough, 2-valved capsule.  Native to eastern Asia and southeastern Europe.
    Syringa: from the Greek syrix, a reed or pipe, a reference to the hollow stems.
  • Syringa × chinensis      [Chinese Lilac]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (leaves and flowers)  (leaves and unopened flowers)  (info)


    •   A section of Syringa × chinensis:
  • Syringa × hyacinthiflora      [Early Flowering Lilac, Early Hybrid Lilac]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)  (info)


    •   Two sections categorized as a Syringa × hyacinthiflora:
  • Syringa josikaea      [Hungarian Lilac]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowering shoots)  (flower cluster)  (leaves)  (leaves, underside)
          (leaves, comparison)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (info)
  • Syringa laciniata      [Cutleaf Lilac]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (leaves and flower clusters)
          (flowers)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Syringa meyeri ‘Palibin’     [Palibin Meyer Lilac]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering hedge)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)  (leaves)
          (leaves, comparison)  (info)
  • Syringa microphylla 'Superba'     [Superba Littleleaf Lilac]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower cluster)  (info)
  • Syringa patula 'Miss Kim'    [Miss Kim Korean or Manchurian Lilac]  Common Name List
          (plant habit, start of flowering)  (leaves and opening flowers)  (plant habit, flowering)
          (flower clusters and leaves)  (flowering hedge)  (leaves)  (leaves, comparison)  (info)
  • Syringa pekinensis   (S. reticulata subsp. perkinensis)  [Peking, Pekin, or Chinese Tree Lilac]  Common Name List
          (opening flower cluster)  (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters and leaves)
          (flower cluster)  (leaves)  (plant habit, leaves and young fruit)  (plant habit, summer)  (plant habit, winter)
          (branches,bark)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Syringa × persica     [ Persian Lilac]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)  (flower cluster)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Syringa × prestoniae    [Preston Lilac, Canadian Lilac]     Common Name List
          (info)


    •   A selection sometimes categorized as a Preston Lilac:
  • Syringa reticulata      [Japanese Tree Lilac]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)  (flower cluster and leaves)
          (plant habit, after flowering)  (leaves)  (developing fruit)
          (plant habit and leaf, fall)  (plant habit (shurb), fall)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Syringa vulgaris      [Common Lilac]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (leaves)  (leafy shoot)  (flowering branches)
          (flower clusters)  (flower cluster, white)  (fruit, fall)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)
          (winter twigs, buds)  (info)

    • Taiwania       Taxodiaceae
    Formosan Cedar, Taiwan Redwood, Taiwania       tie-WHAN-ee-a
    A single species that is related to Cryptomeria and Cunninghamia (see below).
    Taiwania: after Taiwan.
  • Taiwania cryptomerioides       [Formosan Cedar, Taiwan Redwood, Taiwania]       Common Name List
          (plant habit and branches)  (branchlets)  (info)
    • Tamarix       Tamaricaceae
    Tamarisk, Salt Cedar       TAM-a-riks
    Over 50 species of deciduous shrubs or small trees, branches green.  Leaves alternate, small often scale- or needle-like, with salt-excreting glands.  Flowers small, white, pink, to rose, sepals and petals 4-5 each, in simple or compound clusters.  Native to western Europe and the Mediterranean to east Asia and India.
    Tamarix: origin unclear, possibly an ancient Latin name or an African or Hebrew word.
  • Tamarix aphylla      [Athel Tamarix]     Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (branchlets)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Tamarix parviflora      [Small-flowered Tamarix]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower buds)  (flowers)  (flowers and leaves)
          (flower clusters and leaves, "portrait")  (branches, summer)  (leafy shoots)  (info)
    • Taxodium       Taxodiaceae, Cupressaceae
    Baldcypress, Swampcypress       taks-O-di-um
    A genus of 3 species, all of which are deciduous coniferous trees.  Trunks are often buttressed, and in wet situations, surrounded by aerial, conical roots (pneumatophores).  Bark light brown, furrowed and scaly.   Branchlets are of two kinds, those near the end of shoots with axillary buds and are persistent, whereas those lower on the shoots without axillary buds are deciduous.   Leaves (needles), radially arranged, flat, thin, with 2 stomatal lines below, those on deciduous branches are usually two ranked, those on persistent branchlets spread radially.  Native to the southern U.S. and Mexico.
    Taxodium: from Taxus and Greek eidos, resemblence, the genus somewhat resembles Taxus.
  • Taxodium ascendens      [Pondcypress]     Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leafy branches)  (leafy branch)  (branchlets)  (branchlet, leaves)
          (branchlets, comparison)  (developing cones)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Taxodium distichum      [Baldcypress]     Common Name List
          (plant habit and flowers, spring)  (plant habit, summer)  (plant habit, summer)  (plant habit, summer)
          (trees in city landscape)  (branches)  (branchlets)  (branchlets)  (brachlets, comparison)
          (plant habit, with cones)  (cones and brachlets)  (cones and brachlets)  (plant habit, fall)
          (branchlets, fall)  (cones at seed release, fall)  (branches, comparison)  (trunk, bark)
          (plant habit, winter)  (winter twigs, buds)  ("cypress knees")  (info)


    •    Some selections of Taxodium distichum:
    Taxus       Taxodiaceae, Cupressaceae
    Yew       TAKS-us
    Evergreen small trees or shrubs with spreading or ascending branches. Shade tolerant. Foliage is usually dark green and dense. Leaves are needle-like, flat, and lighter green on the underside. The fruit (aril) consists of a single seed (poisonous!) surrounded by a red, fleshy-cup.
    Taxus: the Latin name for Yew.
  • Taxus baccata      [English Yew]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, shrub)  (plant habit, tree)  (branches)  (leaves (needles) and fruit)
          (branchlets, leaves)  (branchlets, comparison with Sequoia sempervirens)
          (fruit and seeds)  (info)


    •    Three selections of Taxus baccata:
  • Taxus brevifolia    [Pacific or Western Yew]  Native List  Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (branch)  (branchlets)  (branchlets, needles)  (needles and fruit)
          (trunk, bark)  (older trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Taxus canadensis      [Canadian Yew]     Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leaves and fruit)  (info)
  • Taxus cuspidata      [Japanese Yew]      Common Name List
          (branches, leaves)  (info)

       A few cultivars of Taxus cuspidata:
  • Taxus × media        [Hybrid Yew]     Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (plant habit, sheared)  (needles, old and new growth)  (needles and fruit)  (info)


    •    A few cultivars of Taxus × media:
    Ternstroemia       Theaceae
          tern-STRO-mi-a
    About 85 species of evergreen trees and shrubs, but few apparently widely used in landscaping.  Leaves alternate, leathery, entire or crenate-serrate.  Flowers usually bisexual, 5 sepals, 5 petals, numerous stamens.  Fruit dehiscent, large seeds.  Native to Africa, Asia, and North, Central and South America.
    Ternstroemia: after Christoper Ternstroem, a Swedish naturalist and traveller in China.
  • Ternstroemia gymnanthera   (syn. Ternstroemia japonica)  [Japanese Ternstroemia]   Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (shoot)  (leaves)  (plant habit, summer flowering)  (flowers)  (plant habit, winter)
          (fruit, winter)  (opening fruit, winter)  (leaves, winter)  (shoot, winter)  (info)
    • Tetradium       Rutaceae
          tet-ra-DE-um
    Nine species of trees and shrubs, usually dioecious (male and female plants), evergreen or deciduous.  Leaves opposite, compound (odd, pinnate), leaflets oil-dotted, margin often has small rounded teeth (crenulate).  Flowers, in cluster, 4 or 5 sepels, petals, and stamens.  Fruit 1-5 parted.  Native to south and eastern Asia and western Malesia.
    Tetradium: from the Greek, tetradion, quartermium, a reference to the flower and fruit parts which usually occur in fours.
  • Tetradium daniellii   (syn. Evodia daniellii, Euodia daniellii)  [Korean Evodia, Beebee Tree]
                 Common Name List
          (plant habit and trunk, bark)  (leaves)  (leaves)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters and leaves)
          (flower cluster)  (plant habit, fruiting)  (fruit and leaves)  (fruit)  (fruit at seed release, fall)
          (plant habit, late fall)  (leaves, late fall)  (winter twigs, buds)  (info)
    Thevetia       Apocynaceae
          thev-VET-ee-uh
    Some 8 spices of evergreen shrubs and trees, produce a with white latex.  Leaves alternate, densely arranged on slender branchlets.  Flower petals (corolla) yellow, funnel form, narrow throat; calyx deeply divided, with many basal glands inside; stamens inserted in distal narrow part of corolla tube; filaments very short.  Fruit a drupe with a depressed globose shape, 2 seeds per locule.
    After Andre Thevet (1502-1592) French monk and traveler in Brazil and Guyana.
  • Thevetia peruviana      [Yellow Oleander, Lucky-nut]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (leafy shoots, flower and fruit)  (leaves and flower buds)
          (flower and leaves)  (flower)  (fruit)  (info)
    Thuja       Cupressaceae
    Arborvitae       THEW-ya
    Five species of coniferous evergreen trees, of small to medium size, and a few shrubs, usually dense.   Bark is scaly.   Branches usually horizontal or also ascending, developing a conical crown.   Twigs more or less flattened.  Leaves opposite, scale-like, appressed, lateral leaves partly overlap facial leaves.  Cones small, ovate or oblong.  Native to North America or eastern Asia.    Many cultivars of different size, form and color are available.   The foliage of several types discolor in winter, reducing their acceptability.  Some tend to thin out with age and attain an unkempt appearance.  Arborvitae are especially popular in the midwest and eastern U.S.
    Note: There is general consensus that one species, Thuja orientalis, does not below in this genus and has been transferred to the genus Platycladus, hence Platycladus orientalis.  However, most horticultural nurseries and retail outlets continue to use the older designaition.
    Thuja: the Greek name of juniper, or from thyia, a reference to a scented gum, possibly that from Thuja articulata.
  • Thuja occidentalis      [Eastern Arborvitae, American Arborvitae]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, in habitat)  (plant habit)  (plant habit, hedge)  (plant habit, tall screen)  (branchlets)
          (leaves)  (branchlets and immature cones)  (branchlets and mature cones)  (leaves and cones)
          (mature cones and leaves)  (leaves (underside), comparison)  (leaves, comparison)  (trunk, bark)  (info)


    •    Some selections of Thuja occidentalis:
  • Thuja orientalis    (syn. Platycladus orientalis )    [Oriental Arborvitae]     Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (plant habit, older plants)  (branches with cones)  (branchlets, immature cones)
          (branchlets, mature cones)  (leaves)  (branchlets, comparison)  (leaves, comparison)  (info)


    •    Two selections of Thuja orientalis (Platycladus orientalis):
  • Thuja plicata    [Western Red Cedar]  Native List  Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (branches)  (branches and cones)  (leaves and immature cones)
          (leaves and cones)  (branchlet and leaves)  (leaves, underside markings)
          (leaves, comparison)  (bark, trunk)  (info)


    •    Some selections of Thuja plicata:
    Thujopsis       Cupressaceae
          thew-YOP-sis
    A single species in this genus (see below).
    Thujopsis: from Thuja and the Greek opsis, resemblance, meaning similar appearance of the two genera.
  • Thujopsis dolabrata   [Elkhorn Cedar, Deerhorn Cedar, Hiba Arborvitae]   Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (brachlets)  (brachlets)  (leaves)  (immature cones and brachlets)
          (mature cones and brachlets)  (info)


    •    A dwarf selection of Thujopsis dolabrata:
    Tibouchina       Melastometaceae
    Glory Bush, Lasiandra, Glorytree       ti-boo-CHEE-na
    Some 300 species of evergreen perennials, shrubs, small trees and climbers with square stems.  Leaves are simple, hairy, and deeply marked with 3-7 veins.  Flowers are large and vivid, with 5 petals, usually purple, pink, or white.  Native to South America.
    Tibouchina: from the native name.
  • Tibouchina urvelleana      [Princess Flower]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers and leaves)  (flower)  (leaves)  (info)
    • Tilia       Tiliaceae  (Linden Family)
    Linden, Basswood, Lime       TIL-i-a
    About 45 species of deciduous trees, branches commonly have stellate pubescence.  Leaves alternate, in 2 ranks, simple, apex acute to acuminate, base oblique, cordate, margin serrate, often pubescent below.  Flowers usually in pendulous clusters (cymes), the stalks of which are fused to about half their length to a single, narrow, leaf-like bract, individual flowers are usually bisexual, white to yellow, often fragrant, 5 sepals, 5 petals, 5 staminodes.  Fruit is a dry, nut-like drupe with 1 seed.
    Tilia: from Latin tilia, lime, apparently derived from the Greek ptilon, feather, a reference to the flower bract.
  • Tilia americana      [American Linden]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (young leaf with stipules)  (mature leaf)  (leaf surface and margin)  (leaf size variation)
          (leaf and immature flower clusters)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (flowers)  (leafy shoot and fruit)
          (leaf and bract)  (fruit and leaf)  (plant habit and leaves, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (plant habit, winter)
          (trunk, bark)  (winter twig, buds)  (info)

       A selection of Tilia americana:
  • Tilia cordata      [Littleleaf Linden]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (branches with leaves and flowers)  (leaves and developing flowers)
          (leaf and flower cluster)  (flowers)  (developing fruit)  (leaves and fruit)  (leaves, comparison)
          (fruit)  (trunk, bark)  (twigs, winter)  (info)
  • Tilia × euchlora       [Crimean Linden]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leaves and immature flowers)  (leaves and fruit, fall)  (leaves, "portrait")
          (leaves, comparison)  (leaves, fall)  (winter twigs, buds)  (info)
  • Tilia × europaea      [European Linden]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leafy shoots and flower clusters)  (leaves and flower clusters)  (leaves and fruit)
          (fruit clusters and fruit)  (plant habit, winter)  (winter, twig and buds)  (info)
  • Tilia mongolica       [Mongolian Linden]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leaf)  (flowering branches)  (leaves and flowers)  (fruiting branch)
          (fruit and leaves)  (info)
  • Tilia tomentosa      [Silver Linden]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, late spring)  (leaves)  (leaves and immature flowers)  (plant habit, summer and fall)
          (leaves and developing fruit)  (leaves and mature fruit)  (leaves, comparison)  (plant habit, fall)
          (leaves, fall)  (winter twigs, buds)  (info)
    • Toona       Meliaceae
    Toon       TOON-a
    Five or six species of evergreen or deciduous trees with large  compound (pinnate) leaves and clusters of fragraent white to cream flowers.   Native to tropical Asia and northern Australia.
    Toona: the name Toona is an (east) Indian vernacular, first used as a scientific name in 1803 (Jacobson, 1996).
  • Toona sinensis    [Chinese Toon, Chinese Mahogany]    Common Name List
          (plant habit, young tree)  (leaf)  (young tree, trunk, break)  (info)
    • Trachelospermum       Apocynaceae
          tra-ke-lo-SPER-mum
    Some 20 species of evergreen climbing shrubs with milky sap in stems and leaves.  Leaves opposite, leathery, distinctly pinnately veined.  Flowers white to pale yellow, calyx 5-lobed, corolla a cylindrical tube with a speading 5-lobed limb, twisted lobes overlapping to the right.  Fruit 1-3 drupes together.
    Trachelospermum: from Greek trachelos, neck, and sperma, seed.
  • Trachelospermum jasminoides    [Star Jasmine, Confederate Jasmine]   Common Name List
          (plant habit, vine)  (plant habit and flowers)  (leaves and flowers)  (leaves)  (info)
    Trachycarpus       Arecaceae (Palmae)
    Windmill Palm       tru-kee-KAR-pus
    About 6 species of palms.  Stems solitary or clustering, erect, clothed in leaf bases or becoming more or less bare.  Leaves palmate.  Flowers cream to yellow.  Fruit spherical to kidney shaped, purple-black to orange.
    Trachycarpus: from Greek trachys, rough, karpos, fruit, a reference to the fruit in some species.
  • Trachycarpus fortunei    [Chinese Windmill Palm]    Common Name List
          (small cluster)  (plant habit)  (plant habit and foliage)  (young leaf)  (leaf and trunk)
          (old leaf)  (expanding flower clusters)  (expanding flower cluster)  (flower cluster and flowers)
          (immature fruit clusters)  (developing fruit)  (mature fruit clusters)  (trunk)  (info)
    • Tsuga       Pinaceae
    Hemlock       tsoo-GA
    Some 9-10 species of evergreen trees of medium size to very large, pyramidal, with horizontal to drooping branches, relatively delicate and graceful.  Needles are short, blunt, flexible, spirally arranged.  The trees withstand full shade, but perform best in partial shade on acid soils with adequate moisture and good drainage.  They grow poorly under hot, dry summer conditions.  Native to North America (east and west coast), Himalaya, China, and Japan.   (This genus is NOT the poisonous hemlock, which are species of Cicuta and Conium of the Parsley family).
    Tsuga: the Japanese name.
  • Tsuga canadensis      [Canadian or Eastern Hemlock]     Common Name List
          (in habitat)  (plant habit)  (branch)  (branchlets)  (branchlets and needles)
          (branchlets and needles, underside)  (branchlets, comparison)
          (needles, underside comparison)  (seed cones)  (needles and closed cone)
          (open cones)  (info)


    •    A few, of the many, selections of Tsuga canadensis:
  • Tsuga diversifolia      [Northern Japanese Hemlock]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, small tree)  (branchlets)  (needles)  (info)
  • Tsuga heterophylla    [Western Hemlock]  Native List  Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (branches with cones)  (branchlets with cones)  (needles)  (needles, underside)
          (branchlets, comparison)  (branchlets, comparison)  (needles, underside comparison)
          (immature and mature cones)  (cones (open) and needles)  (trunk, bark)  (info)


    •  A weeping selection of Tsuga heterophylla:
  • Tsuga mertensiana    [Mountain Hemlock]  Native List  Common Name List
          (in habitat)  (in habitat, at 5,325 ft)  (plant habit, in a landscape)  (branch habit)  (branchlets)  (needles)
          (needles)  (branchlets and needles)  (branchlets, high elevation)  (needle arrangement, comparison)
          (branchlets, comparison)  (pollen cones and needles, spring)  (seed cones, closed)  (needles and cone, open)
          (branchlet, needles and cones)  (cone, after seed release)  (trunk, bark)  (info)


    •  A dwarf selection of Tsuga mertensiana:
    Ulex       Fabaceae, Leguminosae
    Gorse, Furze       EW-leks
    About 20 species of very spiny, dense shrubs  Leaves densely crowded, usually alternate, reduced to a thorny leaf petiole or a small scale.  Flowers yellow, in apical thorn axil.  Fruit a pod, ovate to linear-oblong.  Native to western Europe and norther Africa, naturalized in the Americas.
    Ulex: the name Pliny used for heather.
  • Ulex europaeus    [Common Gorse]  Native List  Common Name List
          (plant habit, spring flowering)  (flowers and spines)  (flowers)  (plant habit, summer)
          (plant habit, summer)  (leaves and spines)  (info)
    • Ulmus       Ulmaceae
    Elm       UL-mus
    About 45 species of deciduous, rarely semi-evergreen, trees, occasionally shrubs.   Bark often deeply furrowed.  Leaves alternate, simple, short pertioled, veins pinnate, never 3-veined, serrate or biserrate, usually somewhat pubescent below.  Flowers bisexual, inconspicuous.  Fruit a samara, ovoid to oblong, encircling winged margin.  Native to northern temperate regions to northern Mexico and central Asia.
    Ulmus: the Latin name.
  • Ulmus Accolade™       [Accolade Elm]     Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (leaf margin and upper surface)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)
          (leaves in shady environment, fall)  (plant habit, winter)  (trunk, bark)  (winter twigs, buds)  (info)
  • Ulmus americana      [American Elm]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, early spring)  (development of male flower parts)  (development of fruit (seeds))
          (fruit (seeds), spring)  (fruit clusters and fruit (seeds))  (ripe fruit (seeds) and leaves)
          (plant habit, summer and fall)  (leafy shoot)  (leaf)  (leaf margin and tip)  (plant habit, fall)
          (leafy branches, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (leaf margin, comparison)  (trunk, bark)
          (winter twigs, buds)  (info)
  • Ulmus ‘Frontier’      [Frontier Elm]     Common Name List
          (new growth)  (plant habit)  (shoot)  (leaves, variation)  (leaf and margin)  (plant habit, fall)
          (branch, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
  • Ulmus glabra  ‘Camperdownii’       [Camperdown Scotch Elm]     Common Name List
          (developing fruit, spring)  (branches with maturing fruit)  (fruit and expanding leaves)  (plant habit, summer)
          (leaves)  (leaf)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (plant habit, winter)  (major branches)  (winter twigs and buds)
          (flower bud break, early spring)  (opening flower bud)  (info)
  • Ulmus × hollandica       [Dutch Elms, Hybrid Elms]     Common Name List
          (flowers)  (fruiting plant habit and fruit (seeds))  (fruit (seeds), comparison)
          (tree row, summer)  (plant habit, summer and fall)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (leaf, underside)
          (leaves, comparison)  (margin, comparison)  (tree row, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (tree row, fall)
          (tree row at leaf drop)  (tree row, late fall)  (plant habit, winter)  (trunk, bark)
          (winter twig and buds)  (winter twig and buds, comparison)  (info)
  • Ulmus ‘Homestead’       [Homestead Elm]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, spring)  (expanding leaves and fruit)  (leaves, spring)  (leaves)
          (leaf and margins)  (leaf margin)  (plant habit, fall)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)
          (trunk, bark)  (winter twig, buds)  (info)
  • Ulmus parvifolia      [Lacebark Elm, Chinese Elm]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leafy shoot)  (leaves, variation)  (leaf)  (leaf margins)  (fall fruiting)
          (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (fruiting branches, early winter)  (fruit (seeds), early winter)
          (trunk)  (trunk, bark)  (trunk, bark)  (dorment twigs and buds)  (info)


    •  Three selections of Ulmus parvifolia:
       Decaffeinated elm?
  • Ulmus pumila      [Siberian Elm]     Common Name List
          (expanding leaves and deveoping fruit (seeds))  (plant habit)  (branches)
          (leafy shoot)  (leaf)  (trunk, bark)  (winter branches, twigs and buds)  (info)
    • Umbellularia       Lauraceae
          um-BEL-ew-lah-ree-a
    A single species, some say two, of aromatic evergreen trees.  Leaves alternate, leathery, entire.  Flowers bisexual, in stalked clusters (umbels) toward the branch tips, calyx tubular with 6 equal lobes, petals absent, 9 stamens in 3 whorls.  Fruit a berry, green and ripening purple.  Native to southern Oregon and California.
    Umbellularia: the Latin umbella, navel, apparently a reference to the inflorescence form.
  • Umbellularia californica    [Oregon Myrtle, California Bay]  Native List  Common Name List
          (plant habit, tree)  (plant habit, shrub)  (flowering shoot)  (leaves)  (leaves, underside)
          (flowering shoots)  (flower cluster)  (leaves and fruit)  (leaves and fruit)  (fruit and flower buds, fall)
          (fruit and seeds)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
    • Vaccinium       Ericaceae
          vak-SIN-ee-um
    A large genus, some 450 species of shubs and a few small trees, often stoloniferous, evergreen or deciduous.  Leaves alternate, simple, entire or serrate, short petioles.  Flowers solitary or in clusters, calyx 4-5 parted and persistent in fruit, corolla more or less tubular, 4-5 lobes, white, pink, or red, 8-10 staments.  Fruit a berry with numerous seeds.   Native range from the Arctic to the tropical mountains, also a few species in southern Africa.
    Vaccinium: an ancient name, its origin is disputed.
  • Vaccinium angustifolium   [Lowbush Blueberry]     Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leaves)  (info)

      A compact cultivar of Vaccinium angustifolium selected for fall color:
  • Vaccinium corymbosum   [Highbush Blueberry]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, spring)  (flowers)  (leaves)  (plant habit, summer)  (leaves and ripening fruit)
          (plant habit, fall)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (info)
  • Vaccinium crassifolium      [Creeping Blueberry, Thick-leaved Whortlberry]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leafy shoot)  (info)
  • Vaccinium macrocarpon      [Cranberry, American Cranberry]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, fruiting)  (leaves and developing fruit)  (ripe fruit)  (info)
  • Vaccinium membranaceum   [Big, Mountain, or Blue Huckleberry]  Native List  Common Name List
          (plant habit, early summer)  (leaves, early summer)  (plant habit)
          (leaves and developing fruit)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Vaccinium moupinense      [Himalayan Blueberry]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Vaccinium ovatum    [Box Huckleberry, Evergreen Huckleberry]  Native List  Common Name List
          (plant habit, spring flowering)  (flowering shoot)  (leaves and flowers)  (flower and flower buds)
          (plant habit, spring)  (new growth, spring)  (plant habit, summer)  (leafy shoot)
          (plant habit, fruiting)  (leaves and fruit, Sept.)  (leaves and fruit, winter)  (info)
  • Vaccinium parvifolium    [Red Huckleberry]   Native List  Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leaves)  (plant habit, fruiting)  (plant habit, fruiting)  (leafy shoots with fruit)
          (fruit and leaves)  (winter twigs and buds)  (info)
  • Vaccinium sikkimense      [Sikkim Blueberry]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (leaves and flowers)  (info)
  • Vaccinium vitis-idaea      [Cowberry, Lingonberry]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leafy shoots and fruit)  (flowers, fruit and leaves)
          (leaves, flowers and fruit, "portrait")  (leaves, comparison)  (info)
    • Vancouveria       Berberidaceae
    Inside-out Flower, Barrenwort       van-koo-VE-ree-uh
    About 3 species of perennial, rhizomatous herbs, creeping, horizontal.   Leaves divided, leaflets cordate at base, round at apex, often 3-lobed, undulate.  Flowers in naked clusters, few and small, nodding, 6-petals, white, reflexed and flared, filaments extendng beyond the separate anthers (flowers have shooting star or inside-out appearance).  Native range from British Columbia to California.
    Vancouveria: named for Capt. George Vancouver (1758-98), British explorer in the Pacific Northwest.
  • Vancouveria hexandra       [Northern Inside-out Flower]   Native List      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (leaflets)  (flower clusters and foliage)  (flowers)  (info)
  • Vancouveria planipetala      [Small Inside-out Flower]      Native List      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (leaflet)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)  (flowers)
          (flowers)  (info)
    • Viburnum       Adoxaceae, Caprifoliaceae
    Arrowwood, Wayfaring Tree       vi-BER-num
    Over 150 species of deciduous or evergreen shrubs or small trees.  Leaves are simple, opposite, occasionally in whorls of 3, entire, serrate, dentate or lobed.  Flowers are usually white or cream, but sometimes pinkish, in clusters (corymbs, umbels, panicles), sometimes with showy ray flowers, 5-lobed, and 5 stamens.  Fruit is 1-seeded, jucey or dry (drupe), and red, blue, or black.  Widely distributed in the temperate northern hemisphere (some 15 species are native to North America) and extending into South America and Malaysia.
    Viburnum: Latin name of V. lantana
       Viburnum alnifolium  see  Viburnum lantanoides  [Hobblebush]
  • Viburnum awabuki   (syn. V. odoratissimum var. awabuki) [Sweet Viburnum]  Common Name List
          (plant habit and stem)  (leaves)  (leaves, fall)  (info)
  • Viburnum × bodnantense ‘Dawn’   [Dawn Bodnantense Viburnum]   Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering, winter)  (flower clustsers)  (flowers)
          (new leaves)  (leaves and fruit)  (info)
  • Viburnum bracteatum      [Bracted Viburnum]       Common Name List
          (plant habit, early fall)  (leaves)  (fruit)  (info)
  • Viburnum × burkwoodii      [Burkwood Viburnum]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, large, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower buds and flowers)
          (flower clusters)  (flower cluster, comparison)  (plant habit, summer)  (leaves)
          (leaves, comparison)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (info)


    • A compact cultivar of Viburnum × burkwoodii [actually a hybrid, see (info)]:
  • Viburnum carlesii      [Koreanspice Viburnum]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)  (plant habit, after flowering)
          (leaves)  (leaves and fruit)  (twig and buds, winter)  (info)
  • Viburnum cassinoides      [Witherod Viburnum]       Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower cluster)  (new leaves)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves and flower bud, fall)
          (info)
  • Viburnum cinnamomifolium      [Cinnamon Viburnum]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (leaves and flowers buds)  (flower cluster piror to opening)
          (flower clusters and leaves)  (info)
  • Viburnum davidii      [David Viburnum]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (plant habit, again)  (leaves and flower buds)  (leaves and opening flower clusters)
          (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower cluster)  (plant habit, fruiting)  (fruit and leaves)
          (info)
  • Viburnum dentatum      [Arrowwood Viburnum]     Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leaves and immature fruit)  (mature fruit and leaves)  (info)

      A selection of Viburnum dentatum:
  • Viburnum dilatatum      [Linden Viburnum, Linden Arrowwood]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, fall fruiting)  (leaves and fruit)  (info)


    •   A selection of Viburnum dilatatum:
  • Viburnum edule    [Mooseberry, Highbush Cranberry, Squashberry]  Native List  Common Name List
          (plant habit, fruiting)  (fruiting branch)  (leaves)  (info)
  • Viburnum ellipticum    [Oregon Viburnum, Western Wayfaring Tree]  Native List  Common Name List
          (plant habit, start of flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)
          (flower cluster and leaves)  (flower cluster and flower)  (leaves)  (leaf)  
          (immature fruit, June)  (immature fruit, August)  (mature fruit and leaves, Oct.)
          (plant habit, fall, exposed aite)  (plant habit, fall, exposed aite)  (twigs and buds, winter)
          (info)
  • Viburnum farreri      [Fragrant Viburnum]     Common Name List
          (flowering branches)  (flower cluster and expanding leaves)  (leaves, mature)  (info)
  • Viburnum × juddii      [Judd Viburnum]      Common Name List
          (large plant, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower cluster)
          (flower cluster, comparison)  (young leaves)  (plant habit, summer)
          (leaves)  (leaves, comparison)  (leaves, comparison)  (leaves, comparison)
          (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (info)
  • Viburnum lantana      [Wayfaringtree Viburnum]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (expanding leaves)  (developing flower clusters and leaves)
          (flower cluster and leaves)  (plant habit, summer)  (leaves)  (leaves, comparison)  (developing fruit)
          (plant habit, fruiting)  (fruit cluster and leaves)   (leaves and bud)  (leaves and fruit, fall)  (info)


    •   A selection of Viburnum lantana:
  • Viburnum lantanoides      [Hobblebush]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, in habitat)  (plant habit)  (new growth and expanding leaves)  (leaf)  (plant habit, fall)
          (leaf, fall)  (info)
  • Viburnum lentago      [Nannyberry, Sheepberry]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, shrubs)  (plant habit, flowering tree)  (flowering branches)  (flower clusters and leaves)
          (leaves)  (leaf)  (developing fruit and leaves)  (plant habit, fall)  (fruit, fall)  (plant habit, winter)
          (trunk, bark)  (twigs and buds, winter)  (info)
  • Viburnum odoratissimum var. awabuki     [Sweet Viburnum]  see Viburnum awabuki
  • Viburnum opulus   (syn. V. o. var. opulus)    [European Cranberrybush Viburnum, Guelder-rose]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (leafy shoot)  (leaves)  (leafy shoot, comparison)
          (leaves, comparison)  (plant habit, fruiting)  (foliage and fruit)  (fruit and leaves)  (plant habit and leaf, fall)
          (twigs and buds, winter)  (info)


    •   A few cultivars of Viburnum opulus:
  • Viburnum opulus var. americanum     [American Cranberrybush Viburnum]  see Viburnum trilobum
  • Viburnum plicatum  (syn. V. p. var. plicatum)    [Japanese Snowball]       Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (leaves and flower clusters)
          (leaves and flowers, comparison)  (info)


    •    Two cultivars of Viburnum plicatum:
  • Viburnum plicatum var. tomentosum       [Doublefile Viburnum]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, large, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)  (flowering branch)
          (flowers)  (leaves, summer)  (leaves, comparison)  (plant habit, fruiting)  (fruit clusters and leaves)
          (ripening fruit)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (info)


    •    A pink flowered cultivar of Viburnum plicatum var. tomentosum :
  • Viburnum × pragense      [Prague Viburnum]       Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (foliage)  (leaf)  (leaves and buds)  (flowering branch)  (new leaves)
          (stem, buds)  (info)
  • Viburnum prunifolium      [Blackhaw Viburnum]       Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (developing flower cluster and leaves)  (leafy shoots, spring and summer)
          (plant habit, summer, pruned)  (leaves)  (fruiting branches)  (fruit cluster)  (plant habit, winter)
          (info)
  • Viburnum rafinesquianum      [Downy Arrowwood Viburnum]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, early fall)  (leaves)  (fruit)  (info)
  • Viburnum rhytidophyllum      [Leatherleaf Viburnum]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (flowers and leaf)  (flowers)
          (new leaves)  (leaves)  (leaves)  (fruit cluster and leaves)  (info)
  • Viburnum rufidulum       [Rusty Blackhaw Viburnum]      Common Name List
          (info)

         A cultivar of Viburnum rufidulum:
  • Viburnum sargentii      [Sargent Viburnum]     Common Name List
          (info)


    •      A cultivar of Viburnum sargentii:
  • Viburnum setigerum      [Tea Viburnum]     Common Name List
          (leaves and fruit, early fall)  (fruit)  (info)
  • Viburnum suspensum      [Sandankwa Viburnum, Sandanqua Viburnum]     Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (flowers and leaves)  (info)
  • Viburnum tinus      [Laurustinus]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leaves)  (leafy shoot)  (leaf)  (plant habit, spring flowering)  (flower clusters)
          (start of flowering)  (flower cluster and flowers)  (plant habit and flower clusters)  (flower cluster, mature)
          (plant habit, fruiting and fall flowering)  (flower and fruit clusters)  (developing and mature fruit)
          (flowering branch, fruit)  (fruit)  (info)
  • Viburnum trilobum    (syn. V. o. var. americanum)   [American Cranberrybush Viburnum]  Common Name List
          (plant habit, spring flowering)  (leaves and flower clusters)  (flower cluster and leaves)
          (plant habit, spring)  (plant habit, summer)  (leafy shoot)  (leaves)  (leafy shoot, comparison)
          (leaves, comparison)  (immature fruit and leaves)  (mature fruit and leaves)  (plant habit and leaf, fall)
          (twigs and buds, winter)  (info)


    •    A dwarf cultivar of Viburnum trilobum:
    Vinca       Apocynaceae
    Periwinkle, Creeping Myrtle       VING-ka
    About 6 species of low growing, evergreen subshrubs or herbaceous perennials.  Leaves are opposite and entire.  Flowers solitary, long stalked, 5-lobed to 5-parted.  Native range from Europe, north Africa, to central Asia.
    Vinca: after the Latin name vinca pervinca, from vincio, to bind, a reference to the use of the shoots in wreaths; apparently also the origin of the modern English name (periwinkle) from the Middle English per wynke.
  • Vinca major       [Large Periwinkle]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, new spring growth)  (shoots and flowers)  (flower and leaves)
          (flowers, comparison)  (leaves, comparison)  (info)
  • Vinca minor       [Dwarf Periwinkle]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (planta habit, closer)  (leaves and flowers)
          (flowers and leaves)  (flowers, comparison)  (leaves, comparison)  (info)
    • Vitex       formerly Verbenaceae, now Lamiaceae
          VI-teks
    About 250 species of deciduous and evergreen shurbs and trees, mostly in tropical and subtropical regions, only a few in temperate regions.  Leaves opposite, often palmately compound and rather large, 3-7 narrow leaflets.  Flowers in large clusters, white, yellow, red, blue or purple.
    vitex: Latin name for V. agnus-castus, Chaste Tree
  • Vitex agnus-castus      [Chaste Tree, Chastetree]     Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leaves)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (stem and leaflet)  (plant habit, flowering)
          (flower clusters and flowers)  (leaves and flower clusters)  (fruit, fall)  (trunks, bark)
          (branches, winter)  (info)
  • Vitex lucens      [Puriri, New Zealand Chaste Tree]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (leaf, underside)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
    • Vitis       Vitaceae
    Grape       VI-tis, VEE-tis
    Some 65 species of sprawling vines or shrubs, branches with opposite tendrils, often missing at every third node, lacking adhesive tips.  Leaves simple, alternate, toothed or more or less lobed.  Flowers may be unisexual on some plants or bisexual, 5 petals united at the ends into a cap which is shed when the flower opens, 5 stamens.  Fruit a berry, 2-4 pear-shaped seeds.  Native to the northern hemisphere, many species in eastern and midwestern North America.
    vitis: Roman name for grapevines
  • Vitis coignetiae      [Crimson Glory Vine]     Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (leaf, fall)  (info)
    • Waldsteinia       Rosaceae
          wald-STIEN-ee-a
    Six species of hebaceous perennials with creeping rhizomes.  Leaves alternate, lobed, or trifoliate, in a rosette.  Flowers yellow, solitary or a few together, calyx 5-lobed, calyx tube funnel-shaped, 5 petals, many stamens.  Found in wooded areas of North temperate regions.
    Waldstein: after Count Franz Adam Waldstein von Wartenburg (1759-1823), an Austrian botanist.
  • Waldsteinia fragarioides        [Barren Strawberry]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower cluster)  (flower)  (plant habit, after flowering)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (info)
    • Washingtonia       Arecaceae (Palmae)
          wosh-ing-to-NEE-a
    Two species of tall palm trees, single stems, clothed in a dense skirt of old leaves.  Leaves terminal, large, outspreading, pleated, segments with filaments along the margins, petiole long, tough.   Native to southwest USA and northern Mexico.
    Washingtonia: apparently after George Washington (1732-1799), first President of the United States.
  • Washingtonia filifera       [Califronia Fan Palm]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (info)
    Weigela       Caprifoliaceae
    Weigela       wi-GEE-la
    Ten species of tall, upright, deciduous shrubs, without stolons.  Leaves simple, opposite, serrate, lacking stipules.  Flowers pink, red or yellowish, in axillary or terminal clusters (corymbs), calyx narrow, tube-like, 5 sepals, corolla campanulate-funnelform, 5 stamens, shorter than corolla, slender style.  Fruit bivalved, woody, beaked capsule.
    Weigela: after Christain Ehrenfried von Weigel (1748-1831), German botanist.
  • Weigela florida      [Weigela]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (leaves and flowers)  (leaves and flower buds)  (flowers)  (flowers, red cultivar)
          (flower, anthers and stigma)  (plant habit, after flowering)  (info)

    •        Some cultivars:
            ‘Pink Delight’
            ‘Variegata’
            ‘Variegata Nana’
            ‘White Knight’
            Wine & Roses®
  • Weigela praecox      [(Early-flowering) Weigela]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flowering branches)  (flowers and leaves)  (flowers)  (leaves)  (info)

       A cultivar of Weigela praecox:
    Widdringtonia       Cupressaceae
    African cypress       wid-dring-TOH-nee-a
    Four evergreen conifer species of trees or shrubs, to about 15-65 ft (~5-20 m) tall, one species to 130 ft (40 m). Adult leaves are scale-like and arranged in opposite pairs in four rows along the twigs; juvenile leaves are needle-like, 1-1.5 cm long, and arranged spirally.  Ripe seed cones are oval to nearly spherical, 1.3-2.5 cm wide.  Native to southern and southeastern Africa (Malawi, Mozambique, South Africa, and Zimbabwe).
    Widdringtonia: Stephan F. L. Endlicher named the genus in 1842 after Capt. Samuel Edward Widdrington (formerly Cook) (1787-1856) an English writer who lived in and wrote about Spain.  Endlicher was honoring Widdrington's interest in and scientific studies of Spain's coniferous forests.
  • Widdringtonia nodiflora   (syn. Widdringtonia cupressoides)   [Berg Cypress]     Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (brachletst)  (branches and cones)  (info)
  • Widdringtonia schwarzii      [Willowmore Cedar]      Common Name List
          (plant habit and cones)  (leaves)  (info)
    • Wisteria       Fabaceae
    Wisteria       wis-TE-ri-a
    Ten species (W. floribunda and W. sinensis the most common commercially) of high climbing, twining, deciduous, woody vines, old stems are trunk-like.  Leaves alternate, pinnately compound (odd), apical leaflet often largest, leaflets entire, opposite, oblong-elliptic.  Flowers in pendulous terminal or axillary clusters (racemes), pea-like, large, white, purple, or lilac, two appendages at the base.  Fruit a pod, elongated, 2-valved, leathery.  Native to China, Japan, and eastern U.S., in the latter region are found W. frutescens and W. macrostachys.
    Wisteria: after Caspar Wistar (1761-1818), professor of Anatomy, University of Pennsylvania.
  • Wisteria floribunda      [Japanese Wisteria]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)  (leaf and flower cluster)  (leaflets and flowers)
          (plant habit, summer)  (leaflets, comparison)  (winter twigs and buds)  (buds)  (info)
  • Wisteria sinensis      [Chinese Wisteria]     Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)
          (flower buds)  (flower clusters)  (plant habit, after flowering)  (leaves)  (leaves)
          (winter twigs and buds)  (buds)  (info)
    • Wollemia       Araucariaceae
    Wollemia       
    A monotypic genus (see below).
  • Wollemia nobilis      [Wollemi Pine]       Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leafy shoot)  (stem)  (info)
         Xanthocyparis nootkatensis   [Alaska Cedar, Nootka Falsecypress, Yellow Cedar]
             see (Chamaecyparis nootkatensis)
    Yucca       Liliaceae, Agavaceae
    Yucca       yuk-ah
    About 40 species of rosette or woody-based perennials, evergreen shrubs, and erect, then spreading, evergreen trees.  Leaves stiff, linear to lance-shaped, often tipped with a sharp spine.   Flowers white or cream, bell- or cup-shaped, drooping, in tall clusters (panicles), most are heavily scented at night.  Fruit are fleshy or dry capsules, not usually seen outside of their native range since flowers much be pollinated by the yucca moth.   The "yucca flower" is the state flower of New Mexico.  No species name is given in the citation.  New Mexico's state flower is also known as the "Lamparas de dios" which translates to "Lamps of the Lord" due to the bright mass of white flowers that protrude from a center stalk within the yucca plant.
    • Native to North and South America.
    Yucca: apparently from the Caribbean name for Cassave (Manihot esculenta), originally thought to apply to Yucca gloriosa.
  • Yucca brevifolia      [Joshua Tree]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (shoot, leaves)  (flower buds)  (flower bud)  (trunk)  (info)
  • Yucca filamentosa       [Adam's Needle Yucca]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (leaves)  (plant habit, start of flowering)  (developing flower spike)
          (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers)  (info)

     A cultivar of Yucca filamentosa:
  • Yucca glauca       [Small Soapweed Yucca]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, spring)  (leaves)  (developing flower stalk)  (plant habit, fruiting)
          (fruitng stalk)  (ripe fruit with seeds)  (info)
  • Yucca recurvifolia      [Pendulous or Curve-leaf Yucca]      Common Name List
          (plant habit, flowering, and flower cluster)  (flower)  (leaves)  (info)
    Zanthoxylum       Rutaceae
          zan-tho-ZI-lum
    About 250 species of mostly tropical or subtrobical aromatic trees and shrubs, few in temperate zones, deciduous or evergreen, usually prickly.  Leaves alternate, compound (odd pinnate, rarely three leaflets), lealets opposite, entire or serrate, with minute clear dots (glands).  Flowers small, yellowish green, dioecious or polygamous (unisexual and bisexual flowers on the same plant), 3-8 per cluster.  Mature fruit often split to reveal 1-2 black seeds attached by short threads.  Native mostly to Asia, Australia, North and South America, and Africa.
    Zanthoxylem: xanthos, yellow, and xylon, wood, a reference to the yellow wood of some species.
  • Zanthoxylum americanum      [Prickly Ash, Toothache Tree]      Common Name List
          (leaf)  (stem, leaflets and spines)  (info)
  • Zanthoxylum piperitum      [Japanese Prickly Ash]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (developing fruit and leaves)  (plant habit, fall)  (ripe fruit and leaves)  (leaf and fruit)
          (stem with spines (thorns))  (info)
  • Zanthoxylum planispinum      [Winged Prickly Ash]      Common Name List
          (fruit and spines, winter)  (info)
    Zelkova       Ulmaceae
          zel-KO-va
    Some 5 or more species of deciduous trees and occasionally shrubs, bark smooth and scaly, and branches somewhat erect.  Leaves alternate, simple, parallel veined, coarsely serrate, short petiole.  Flowers axillary, inconspicuous, green, males in clusters, female solitary or few, on current season’s shoots.  Fruit a dry nut-like drupe.  Native to the Caucasus, east Asia, Taiwan, and Japan.
    Zelkova: the local name for Zelkova carpinifolia, Caucasian Elm.
  • Zelkova serrata      [Japanese Zelkova]      Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (branches)  (leaves)  (leafy shoot)  (plant habit, fall)
          (plant habait, fall)  (leafy shoots, fall)  (leafy shoots, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (leaf margin, comparison)
          (trunk, bark)  (plant habit, winter)  (plant habit, winter)  (winter twigs and buds)  (info)


    •   A cultivar of Zelkova serrata
    Ziziphus  (also Zizyphus)       Rhamnaceae
          ZIZ-i-fus
    About 45 species of woody, deciduous and evergreen, shrubs and trees.  Most have stipular thorns.   Leaves alternate on short petioles. Flowers 5-membered, yellow.  Fruit subglobose to oblong.  Widely distributed in tropical and subtropical area.
    Ziziphus: apparently from a Persian name for the lotus fruit of antiquity.
  • Ziziphus jujuba      [Jujube, Chinese Date]       Common Name List
          (plant habit)  (young shoots)  (young leaves)  (plant habit, fruiting)  (developing fruit)
          (ripening fruit)  (leaves and flowers, fall)  (info)
    • Copyright, Oregon State University, 1999-2011
    Some options:
    First letter of genus (or a Genus itself)
     Volume 1  
    A  Abelia  Abeliophyllum  Abies  Acca  Acer  Actinidia  Adansonia  Adenium
      Adenocarpus  Aesculus  Ailanthus  Akebia  Albizia  Alnus  Amelanchier  Amorpha
      Ampelopsis  Andromeda  Aralia  Araucaria  Arbutus  Arctostaphylos  Ardisis  Aronia
      Artemisia  Asimina  Atriplex  Aucuba  Azadirachta  Azara

      B  Baccharis  Bauhinia  Berberis  Betula  Brachyglottis   Buddleia  Bumelia  Buxus

      C  Callicarpa  Calluna  Calocedrus  Calycanthus   Camellia  Campsis  Caragana
      Carissa  Carnegiea  Carpenteria  Carpinus  Carya  Caryopteris  Castanea  Catalpa
      Cathaya  Ceanothus  Cedrus  Celastrus  Celtis  Cephalanthus  Cephalotaxus  Ceratonia
      Cercidiphyllum  Cercidium  Cercis  Cercocarpus  Chaenomeles  Chamaebatiaria
      Chamaecyparis  Chilopsis  Chimonanthus  Chionanthus
      ×Chitalpa  Choisya  Chrysolepis  Chrysothamnus
      Cinnamomum  Cistus  Cladrastis  Clematis  Clerodendrum  Clethra
      Coleogyne  Cornus  Corylopsis  Corylus  Cotinus  Cotoneaster  Crataegus
      Cryptomeria  Cunninghamia  ×Cupressocyparisa  Cupressus  Cydonia  Cytisus

      D  Daboecia  Daphne  Daphniphyllum  Dasiphora  Davidia
      Deutzia  Diospyros  Dirca  Disanthus  Drimys

      E  Edgeworthia  Elaeagnus  Encelia  Enkianthus  Ephedra  Erica  Eriobotrya
      Escallonia  Eucalyptus  Eucommia  Euonymus  Evodia  Exochorda
     Volume 2  
    F  Fagus  ×Fatshedera  Fatsia  Feijoa  Ficus  Firmiana  Fontanesia  Forsythia
      Fouquieria  Fothergilla  Fragaria  Franklinia  Fraxinus  Fremontodendron  Fuchsia

      G  Garrya  Gaultheria  Genista  Ginkgo  Gleditsia  Grevillea  Gymnocladus

      H  Hakea  Halesia  Hamamelis  Hebe  Hedera  Heptacodium
      Heteromeles  Hibiscus  Hippophae  Holodiscus  Hovenia  Hydrangea  Hypericum

      I  Iberis  Idesia  Ilex  Illicium  Itea

      J  Jasminum  Juglans  Juniperus

      K  Kalmia  Kalopanax  Kerria  Kniphofia  Koelreuteria  Kolkwitzia

      L  Laburnum  Lagerstroemia  Larix  Larrea  Laurus  Lavatera  Leucothoe  Leycesteria
      Ligustrum  Lindera  Liquidambar  Liriodendron  Lithocarpus  Lithodora
      Lonicera  Loropetalum  Luma

      M  Maackia  Maclura  Magnolia  Mahonia  Malus  Manglietia  Maytenus
      Melaleuca  Menziesia  Metasequoia  Microbiota  Microcachrys
      Mitchella  Morus  Myrica  Myrtus

      N  Nandina  Neviusia  Nothofagus  Nyssa

      O  Oemleria  Olea  Olearia  Oplopanaxa  Osmanthus  Ostrya  Oxalis  Oxydendrum
     Volume 3
    current

    P  Pachysandra  Paeonia  Parakmeria  Parrotia  Parrotiopsis
      Parthenocissus  Passiflora  Paulownia  Paxistima  Phellodendron  Philadelphus
      Phillyrea  Photinia  Physocarpus  Picea  Pieris  Pinus  Pistacia
      Pittosporum  Platanus  Platycarya  Podocarpus  Polygonum  Polystichum
      Poncirus  Populus  Potentilla  Prumnopitys  Prunus  Pseudolarix  Pseudotsuga
      Ptelea  Pterocarya  Pterostyrax  Punica  Purshia  Pyracantha  Pyrus

      Q  Quercus  Quillaja

      R  Rhamnus  Rhaphiolepis  Rhododendron  Rhodotypos  Rhus  Ribes
      Robinia  Rosa  Rosmarinus  Rubus

      S  Salix  Sambucus  Santolina  Sapindus  Sarcococca  Sassafras   Sciadopitys
      Sequoia  Sequoiadendron  Shepherdia  Sideroxylon  Simmondsia  Skimmia  Sophora
      Sorbus  Spiraea  Stachyurus  Stewartia  Styrax  Symphoricarpos  Symplocos  Syringa

      T  Taiwania  Tamarix  Taxodium  Taxus  Ternstroemia  Tetradium  Thevetia
      Thuja  Thujopsis  Tibouchina  Tilia  Toona  Trachelospermum  Trachycarpus  Tsuga

      U  Ulex  Ulmus  Umbellularia

      V  Vaccinium  Vancouveria  Viburnum  Vinca  Vitex  Vitis

      W  Waldsteinia  Washingtonia  Weigela  Widdringtonia  Wisteria  Wollemia

      X  Xanthocyparis      Y  Yucca      Z  Zanthoxylum  Zelkova  Ziziphus
      Volume 4
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    For comments, suggestions, or corrections concerning this site please contact Patrick Breen, CPN (Certified Plant Nerd), Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University    breenp@hort.oregonstate.edu
    Last update of Volume 3: June 17, 2013