Oregon State University, LANDSCAPE PLANTS, Vol. 3

Department of Horticulture

Landscape Plants
Images, Identification, and Information

Volume 3	Copyright ©, Oregon State University, 1999-2009

Trying to identify a woody plant? See the new woody plant data base.

This is Volume 3 of Oregon State University's Landscape Plants web site. Landscape plants (mostly woody, i.e., shrubs and trees) in this volume are listed in alphabetical order by genus, from P (Pachysandra) through Z (Zelkova). From the list below select a letter which corresponds to the first letter of the genus you wish to view or, if listed, the genus itself (or search the Common Name List).

First letter of genus (or a *Genus* itself)
Volume 1	A Abies Acer Aesculus Albizia Alnus Amelanchier Arbutus Arctostaphylos Aucuba B Berberis Betula Buddleia Buxus C Calocedrus Camellia Carpinus Castanea Catalpa Ceanothus Cedrus Cercis Cercocarpus Chaenomeles Chamaecyparis Chionanthus Cistus Clematis Cornus Corylus Cotinus Cotoneaster Crataegus Cupressus Cytisus D Daphne Deutzia E Elaeagnus Escallonia Eucalyptus Euonymus
Volume 2	F Fagus Fatsia Firmiana Forsythia Fothergilla Fraxinus G Gaultheria Ginkgo Gleditsia Grevillea Gymnocladus H Hamamelis Hebe Hibiscus Hydrangea Hypericum I Ilex J Juglans Juniperus K Kerria Koelreuteria L Lagerstroemia Larix Ligustrum Liquidambar Liriodendron Lonicera M Magnolia Mahonia Malus Myrica N Nyssa O Osmanthus Ostrya Oxydendrum
Volume 3 current	P Parthenocissus Philadelphus Photinia Physocarpus Picea Pinus Pittosporum Platanus Populus Prunus Pseudotsuga Pyrus Q Quercus R Rhaphiolepis Rhododendron Rhus Ribes Robinia Rosa Rubus S Sambucus Sequoia Shepherdia Skimmia Sophora Sorbus Spiraea Stewartia Symphoricarpos Syringa T Taxus Thuja Tilia Tsuga U Ulmus V Vaccinium Viburnum W Y Z Zelkova

Some additional items:

Home Page
Search on the Home Page

You may search for a given plant using the Common Name List.

Plants with their names in green (for example, Acer circinatum [Vine Maple]) are native to Oregon, or have become naturalized in the State. To view the list of such woody plants select Native List.
Click here for information on USDA Hardiness Zones from the US National Arboretum.

Information on Sunset's Climate Zones for Oregon, Washington and Idaho.

Some background information on Scientific Plant Names

Glossary of Some Technical Terms

Plant Identification: Examining Leaves

Trying to identify an unkown woody plant? See the new woody plant identification system

References

For comments, suggestions, or corrections concerning this site please contact Patrick Breen, CPN (Certified Plant Nerd), Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University breenp@hort.oregonstate.edu

Pachistima see Paxistima

Pachysandra	Buxaceae
Spurge, Pachysandra	pak-i-SAN-dra

Four species of evergreen or semi-evergreen herbaceous perennials or subshrubs. Form mat-like or mounding clumps of fleshy, rhizome-like stems, with deep green leaves in whorls of 2-4 at the tips. Thrive in dry shade. Native to China, Japan, and southeastern U.S. (P. procumbens).
Pachysandra: from pachys, thick, and andros, male, referring to thick stamens (male flower parts).

Pachysandra procumbens [Allegheny Pachysandra] Common Name List
(plant habit) (plant habit) (leaves) (leaf) (info)

Pachysandra terminalis [Pachysandra, Japanese Spurge] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves and flower buds) (flowers and leaves) (flower cluster) (info)

Paeonia	Paeoniaceae
Peony	pay-ON-ee-a

Over 30 species of clump-forming herbaceous perennials (most) and deciduous, sometimes suckering shrubs or subshrubs (tree peonies). Leaves alternate, compound, and leaflets usually are toothed or lobed. Flowers are generally large, showy, sometimes fragrant. Native range from Europe to eastern Asia, two species are found in western North America (P. brownii and P. californica).
Paeonia: from the Greek name paionia, meaning Paion, physician to the gods in mythology.

See Paeonia officinalis Common Peony Volume 4: Herbaceous Ornamental Plants

Paeonia lutea ssp. ludlowii [Tibetan Peony] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers and leaves) (info)

Paeonia suffruticosa      [Tree Peony]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers)  (flower)
      (flower)  (open flower)  (leaflets)  (fruit)  (info)

Parakmeria	Magnoliaceae

Five or so species of evergreen trees. Buds terminal, young leaves not folded. Leaves semitransparent, blade extends down the petiole (decurrent), margin entire. Flowers terminal, solitary, 9-12 petals (tepals), 3 outer petals almost leathery. Produces male and bisexual flowers on separate plants. Fruit ellipsoid to obovoid, mature carpels woody, 1 or 2 red or yellow seeds per carpel. Native to southwestern and southeastern China.
Parakmeria:

Parakmeria lotungensis [Eastern Joy Lotus Tree] Common Name List
(plant habit and leaves) (info)

Parkinsonia see Cercidium

Parrotia	Hamamelidaceae (Witch Hazel Family)
Persian Parrotia, Persian Ironwood, Irontree	par-RO-ti-a

A single species, a slow growing tree (see below). Native to northern Iran.
Parrotia: after F.W. Parrot (1792-1841), a German naturalist and professor of medicine.

Parrotia persica      [Persian Parrotia, Persian Ironwood]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, early spring flowering)  (flowers)  (flowers at pollination)  (plant habit, summer)
      (leaves and flower remnants)  (leaves)  (leaf and margin)  (fruit)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)
      (trunks, bark)  (trunks, bark)  (winter twigs, buds)  (info)

Parrotiopsis	Hamamelidaceae (Witch Hazel Family)
	par-ro-ti-OP-sis

A single species in this genus (see below). Native to the Himalayas.
Parrotiopsis: from Parrotia and the Greek opsis, indicating resemblance.

Parrotiopsis jacquemontiana
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers) (bark) (buds, winter) (info)

Parthenocissus	Vitaceae (Grape Family)
Virginia Creeper	par-then-o-SIS-us

About 10 species of deciduous woody vines with tendrils that are often tipped with adhesive disks. Leaves alternate, simple or compound (palmate). Flowers small, bisexual or unisexual, 4-5 petals, stamens short and erect, in clusters. Native to North America, east Asia, and Hymalaya.
Parthenocissus: from the Greek parthenos, virgin, and kissos, ivy.

Parthenocissus quinquefolia      [Virginia Creeper]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (leaf, summer)  (leaves and immature fruit)  (leaves and fruit)
      (plant habit, fall)  (leaves and fruit, fall)  (leaf, fall)  (info)

Parthenocissus tricuspidata      [Boston Ivy, Japanese Parthenocissus]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, summer)  (leaves, summer)  (leaves and immature fruit)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)
      (plant habit, late fall)  (leaf, late fall)  (fruit on wall, winter)  (info)

Passiflora	Passifloraceae
Passion Flower	pa-si-FLO-ra

A large genus with some 500 species of herbaceous perennials and vines, often climbing by tendrils, as well as shrubs or small trees. Stems often angular. Leaves alternate, extremely variable, but often 3-5 lobed, petioles variable in length, frequently with 2-8 stalked glands. Flowers usually singular, calyx tubular, 5 sepals, 5 petals (or absent), with a ring of filaments in several rows, 5 stamens. Fruit is often a juicy many-seeded berry, from pea-sized to as large as a small melon. Native to tropical Americans, Asia, Australia, and Polynesia.
Passiflora: a reference to the Passion of Christ, the parts of the flower have been compared to aspects of the crucifixion of Christ.

Passiflora caerulea [Blue Passion Flower] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers) (bud, flower, and fruit) (leaves) (info)

Some small visitors (residents?) on tour of The Oregon Garden in Silverton, Oregon

Paulownia	Scrophulariaceae
	paw-LO-nee-a

About 17 species of tall, deciduous trees, having thick branches without terminal buds. Leaves opposite, usually large, cordate (heart-shaped) at the base, entire or 3-5 lobed, often pubescent, especially below. Flowers appearing before leaves, corolla tube elongated, widening at the apex, violet to white, calyx deeply 5 parted, 4 stamens. Fruit a leathery capsule with many small winged seeds. Native to eastern Asia.
Paulownia: after Anna Paulowna (1795-1865), daughter of Paul I, Tsar of Russia, princess of the Netherlands.

Paulownia tomentosa       [Empress Tree, Royal Paulownia]      Common Name List
      (flower buds (winter) and emerging flowers (spring))  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)
      (flower)  (leaf, flower, fruit)  (plant habit, summer)  (leaves)  (leaves and maturing fruit)
      (fruit and immature flower clusters, winter)  (fruit clusters, winter)  (fruit and seeds)
      (trunk, bark)  (spent terminal flower clusters, winter)  (winter twigs, buds)  (info)

Paxistima (Pachistima)	Celastraceae
Mountain Lover	paks-ISS-ti-ma

Two species of dwarf evergreen shrubs, twigs 4-angled, corky, and finely warted. Leaves opposite, densely arranged, small, entire or finely serrate. Flowers inconspicuous, green or reddish. Fruit is a leathery capsule. Native to North America.
Paxistima: from the Greek pachy, thick, and stimga.

Paxistima canbyi [Mountain Lover, Cliff Green] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (info)

Paxistima myrtifolia [Oregon Boxwood, Mountain Lover] Native List Common Name List
(plant habit) (branch and leaves) (branches, leaves, buds) (info)

Pernettya mucronata [Chilean Pernettya] see Gaultheria mucronata

Phellodendron	Rutaceae
	fel-o-DEN-dron

About 10 species of deciduous tall trees; bark is frequently thick and corky. Winter buds are enclosed by the base of the petiole. Leaves opposite, compound (pinnate). Flowers small, dioecious, yellow tinged with green, sepals and petals 5-8. Fruit a globose, pea-sized black drupe. Native to temperate and tropical eastern Asia.
Phellodendron: from Greek, phellos, cork, and denderon, tree, a reference to the corky bark of some species.

Phellodendron amurense       [Amur Corktree]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (plant habit, older tree)  (leafy branch)  (leaf and enclosed bud)
      (leaf, comparison)  (flowering branches (male), summer)  (male flower cluster and flowers)
      (female flowers)  (immature fruit and leaflets)  (leaves and fruit, summer)  (plant habit, fall)
      (leaves and fruit, fall)  (fruit and leaves, early winter)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Phellodendron chinensis [Chinese Corktree, Chinese Phellodendron] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves and developing fruit) (trunk, bark) (info)

Phellodendron sachalinense [Sakhalin Corktree, Sakalin Phellodendron] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves and developing fruit) (info)

Philadelphus	Hyrangeaceae (Philadelphaceae)
Mockorange	fil-a-DEL-fus

Some 60 species of, usually deciduous, shrubs with peeling bark. Axillary buds may be exposed or hidden within the base of the petiole. Leaves usually simple and opposite. Flowers in solitary or in clusters, usually strongly fragrant, 4 sepals and 4 petals, numerous statmens. Fruit a capsule with many seeds. Native to North and Central America, Caucasus, Himalaya, China, and eastern Asia.
Philadelphus: Greek word meaning brothery love; or after Ptolemy Philadelphus (ruled 285-246 BC), a patron of the arts and sciences.

Philadelphus × ‘Buckley's Quill’ [Buckley's Quill Mockorange] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowering branch) (info)

Philadelphus lewisii    [Wild Mockorange, Lewis Mockorange]  Native List  Common Name List
      (in habitat, flowering)  (landscape plant habit, flowering)  (leaves and flower buds)
      (leaf)  (flowering branch)  (flowering branch)  (flowers)  (developing fruit)  (info)

Philadelphus × virginalis        [Virginal Mockorange]     Common Name List
      (info)

  Two cultivars of the Virginalis Group (Philadelphus × virginalis):

‘Miniature Snowflake’ [Miniature Snowflake Mockorange] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (plant habit, flowering) (flower buds, flowers and leaves) (info)
‘Natchez’ [Natchez Mockorange] Common Name List
(plant habit, start of flowering) (plant habit, flowering) (flowers) (leaves) (info)

Phillyrea	Oleaceae
	fil-LY-ree-uh

A genus with 4 species of evergreen shrubs or small trees. Leaves opposite, simple, linear to ovate-elliptic, yellow-green to dark green. Flowers 4-lobed, white, in axillary clusters. Fruit blue-black, spherical or ovoid. Native to the Mediterranean and southwest Asia. Closely related to Osmanthus.
Phillyrea: the classic Greek name, apparently derived from a non-Greek name.

Phillyrea latifolia [Mock Privet] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (info)

Phlox subulata [Moss Pink, Moss Phlox] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (two cultivars, flowering) (flowers and leaves) (info)

Photinia	Rosaceae
Photinia, Christmas Berry	fo-TIN-ee-a

About 60 species of deciduous and evergreen trees and shrubs Leaves simple, alternate, entire to small toothed, short petiole, leaf-like stipules. Flowers in clusters (panicle or corymb), usually white, 5 petals, 5 sepals which persist on the fruit.
Photinia: from the Greek photeinos, shining, a reference to the glossy leaves.

Photinia davidiana   (aka Stranvaesia davidiana)   [Chinese Stranvaesia]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  ( new leaves and previous season's fruit)  (new leaves)  (leaves)  (leaf)
      (leaves, comparison)  (leaves and immature fruit)  (fruiting branches)  (info)

A selection of Photinia davidiana:

var. undulata [Wavy-leafed Chinese Stranvaesia]
(plant habit, spring) (new growth and mature leaves) (info)

Photinia × fraseri      [Fraser Photinia]     Common Name List
      (mature leaves and new growth, early spring)  (new leaves)  (plant habit, spring)
      (leaves, spring)  (plant habit, flowering);  (flower cluster and flowers)
      (mature leaves)  (fruit cluster)  (info)

A variegated selection of Photinia × fraseri:

Pink Marble™ [Pink Marble Photinia]
(foliage) (leaves, with pink) (leaves, green and white) (info)

Photinia glabra       [Japanese Photinia]      Common Name List
      (plant habit (pruned), spring)  (new leaves)  (leaf)  (plant habit, flowering)
      (flowers, fruit and leaves)  (plant habit (pruned), summer)  (leaves, summer)
      (info)

Photinia serrulata       [Chinese Photinia]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (leafy shoot)  (leaves)  (new leaves and start of flowering)
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)  (fruit and leaves)  (info)

Leaves of some Photinia, a comparison
(leaves, spring) (leaves, summer)

Photinia villosa [Oriental Photinia] Common Name List
(plant habit, fall) (fruiting branches, fall) (leaves and fruit, fall) (info)

Physocarpus	Rosaceae
Ninebark	fi-so-KAR-pus

Some 6-11 species of deciduous shrubs (spirea-like), tall, exfoliating bark. Leaves alternate, simple, usually 3-lobed, conspicuous stipules soon abscising. Flowers in terminal clusters (corymbs), white, calyx 5-lobed, 5 petals, numerous stamens, 1-5 carpels, usually 5. Fruit is a small follicle which bursts open at both seams. Nearly all species are native to North America, one (P. amurensis) is found in Manchuria and Korea.
Physocarpus: from the Greek physa, bladder, and karpon, a fruit, a reference to the small, bladder-like fruit.

Physocarpus capitatus   [Western Ninebark, Pacific Ninebark]  Native List   Common Name List
      (plant habit, small plants)  (young leaves)  (leaves and flower (bud) clusters)
      (opening flowers)  (flower and fruit cluster)  (fruit cluster and fruit)  (plant habit, summer)
      (foliage)  (leaf)  (fruit cluster and leaves)  (in habitat, fall)  (leaf, fall)  (info)

Physocarpus malvaceus [Mallow Ninebark] Native List Common Name List
(info)

Physocarpus opulifolius   [Common Ninebark, Eastern Ninebark]    Common Name List
      (leaves and flowers)  (info)

  Three cultivars of Physocarpus opulifolius:

‘Dart's Gold’      [Dart's Gold Ninebark]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, early spring)  (leaves, comparison)  (plant habit, late spring)
      (plant habit, late summer)  (info)

Diabolo®   (syn. ‘Diablo’)     [Diabolo Ninebark]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, spring)  (developing leaves and flowers)  (plant habit, spring flowering)
      (flower clusters and leaves)  (leaf)  (leaves, comparison)  (immature fruit)  (info)

‘Luteus’ [Luteus Ninebark] Common Name List
(plant habit, spring) (leaves, spring) (plant habit, summer) (leaves, summer) (info)

Picea	Pinaceae
Spruce	PI-see-a

Conifer, evergreen, generally tall and symmetrical, usually pyramidal or conical. Nearly 40 species in the genus, mostly confined to colder regions in the Northern Hemisphere. A peg-like stalk supports each leaf (needle) and they remain when leaves fall; needles usually 4-sided, sometimes flat. Cones mostly hanging. Many cultivars occur within some species, e.g., P. abies, P. glauca, P. pungens.
Picea: an ancient Latin word for the spruces, derived from pix, a word for pitch.

Remember:
    Fir          flat needles (usually) and friendly (to the touch, usually, but Spanish Fir is sharp pointed)
    Spruce    sharp, square (needles in cross-section, usually)
    Pine         in packages (needles in groups of 2, 3, 5, rarely one)

Picea abies      [Norway Spruce]     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (large branch)  (branches and cone)  (branchlets)  (branchlet and needles)
      (female and male cones, spring)  (immature and mature cones)  (mature cones, winter)
      (branchlets and cones)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

A few selections of Picea abies:

‘Cupressina’ [Cupressina Norway Spruce] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branchlets, needles) (info)
‘Nidiformis’      [Nest Spruce]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, several plants)  (plant habit, single plant)  (plant habit, old plant)
      (plant habit, 50+ year old)  (branchlets)  (branchlets and needles)  (info)
P. a. var. pendula [Pendulus Norway Spruce] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branchlets and cone) (info)

Picea asperata [Dragon Spruce] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branchlets and needles) (info)

Picea breweriana [Brewer Spruce] Native List Common Name List
(plant habit) (branchlets and cones) (needles) (info)

Picea engelmannii [Engelmann Spruce] Native List Common Name List
(branches) (branchlets) (leaves (needles) and buds) (info)

Picea glauca [White Spruce, Canadian Spruce] Common Name List
(plant habit) (shoots) (branches and cones) (shoots and cone) (info)

Selections of Picea glauca, ‘Conica’ is very common:

‘Conica’   [Dwarf Alberta Spruce]    Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (plant habit, again)  (plant habit, reversion)
      (branches, with reversion)  (info)

P. g. var. densata   [Black Hills Spruce]    Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (developing branchlets and cones)  (branches and mature cones)
      (open cones and branchlets)  (info)

‘Sander's Blue’ [Sander's Blue Alberta Spruce]
(plant habit and foliage) (info)

‘Pendula’ [Weeping White Spruce]
(plant habit) (info)

Picea mariana      [Black Spruce]     Common Name List
      (info)

  A selection of Picea mariana:

‘Aureovariegata’ [Aureovariegata Black Spruce] Common Name List
(plant habit and branchlets, needles) (info)

Picea omorika      [Serbian Spruce]     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (branches and emerging needles)  (branches)  (needles)  (trunk, bark)
      (info)

A few selections of Picea ormorika:

‘Bruns’ [Bruns Siberian Spruce] Common Name List
(plant habit) (info)
‘Pendula’ [Weeping Siberian Spruce] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branches) (info)
‘Pimoko’ [Pimoko Siberian Spruce] Common Name List
(plant habit) (needles) (info)

Picea orientalis [Oriental Spruce] Common Name List
(plant habit and branches with cones) (branchlets and cones) (needles) (trunk, bark) (info)

Two cultivars of Picea orientalis:

‘Atrovirens’ [Atrovirens Oriental Spruce]
(plant habit) (branchlet, needles) (info)
‘Barnes’ [Barnes Oriental Spruce]
(plant habit) (branchlets, needles) (info)

Picea pungens var. glauca      [Colorado Blue Spruce]     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (newer and older branches)  (branchlets)   (branchlets, "portrait")  (needles)
      (branch with cones)  (cones and seeds)  (info)

Three upright cultivars of Picea pungens:

‘Baby Blueeyes’ [Baby Blueeyes Colorado Blue Spruce]
(plant habit) (info)
‘Fastigiata’ [Fastigiata Colorado Blue Spruce]
(plant habit and shoot) (info)
‘Fat Albert’ [Fat Albert Colorado Blue Spruce]
(plant habit) (info)

Prostrate and weeping cultivars of Picea pungens:

‘Glauca Prostrata’ [Prostrate Colorado Blue Spruce]
(plant habit) (info)
‘The Blues’ [The Blues Colorado Blue Spruce]
(plant habit) (info)

Picea sitchensis   [Sitka Spruce]  Native List   Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (large branch)  (branchlets)  (shoots and cone)  (needles, upper and lower sides)
      (shoots, comparison with P. punges var. glauca)  (developing cones, spring)
      (seed cones, mature)  (shoots with adelgid damage)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

A compact cultivar of Picea sitchensis:
‘Papoose’ [Papoose Sitka Spruce]
(plant habit) (info)

Picea willsonii [Wilson's Spruce] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branch with cones) (branchlet, needles) (info)

Pieris	Ericaceae
	pi-ER-is, PEE-e-ris

About 7 species of broad-leaved evergreen shrubs, small trees, and vines. New growth often tinged red or bronze. Leaves alternate, entire or serrate, leathery. Flowers often in erect or drooping clusters, corolla white, pitcher-shaped, 5-lobed, 10 stamens. Native to eastern U.S., West Indies, eastern Asia and Himalaya.
Pieris: from Pierides a name of the Muses, the nine sister goddesses of Greek mythology presiding over the arts and sciences.

Pieris formosa var. forrestii      [Chinese Pieris, Himalaya Pieris]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, winter)  (leaves and flower buds)  (plant habit, flowering, spring)
      (new growth and flowers)  (flower clusters)  (info)

Pieris japonica      [Japanese Pieris]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering (again))  (flower clusters and leaves)
      (flower clusters, red)  (new growth and flower clusters)  (flower cluster, new leaves)
      (leaves and fruit)  (new and expanding leaves)  (info)

A few selections of Pieris japonica:

‘Flaming Silver’ [Flaming Silver Pieris]
(plant habit) (info)
‘Prelude’ [Prelude Pieris]
(plant habit) (leaves and flowers) (info)
‘Variegata’ [Variegated Pieris]
(plant habit) (leaves and flower buds) (info)

Pinus	Pinaceae
Pine	PI-nus, PEE-nus

Conifer, evergreen of various heights, tall to rather shrubby. Adult leaves (needles) borne in clusters of 2, 3, or 5; persist for 2 or more years. Cones variable in outline, may remain on the tree for several years. Approximately 110 species in the genus, nearly all in the Northern Hemisphere.
Pinus: the Latin name.

Pinus albicaulis    [Whitebark Pine]   Native List   Common Name List
      (in habitat)  (branches)  (leaves (needles) and cones)  (cones)
      (trunk, bark)  (info)

Pinus aristata      [Bristlecone Pine]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (branches)  (branch with cone and needles)  (branch and needles)
      (immature male and female cones)  (mature seed cones)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

A dwarf cultivar of Pinus aristata:

plant habit

info

Pinus attenuata    [Knobcone Pine]   Native List   Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (branch with needles and cones)  (cones attached to large branch)
      (needles and cones)  (cones)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Pinus banksiana [Jack Pine] Common Name List
(plant habit) (needles and cones) (cones, peresistent and opened) (trunk, bark) (info)

Pinus bungeana       [Lacebark Pine]       Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (leafy branches)  (needles)  (needles)
      (trunk, bark)  (info)

Pinus cembra [Swiss Stone Pine] Common Name List
(plant habit) (info)

A common cultivar of Pinus cembra

Common Name List

plant habit

branches

branch and needles, "portrait"

branch, first year's growth

info

Pinus contorta var. contorta   [Shore Pine]  Native List   Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (branches and cones)  (branch: needles and cones)
      (needles)  (trunk, bark)  (trunk, pitch)  (info)

A cultivar of Pinus contorta

Pinus contorta var. latifolia   [Lodgepole Pine]  Native List  Common Name List
      (plant habit, native habitat)  (plant habit)  (branch, developing and spent cones)
      (developing cone)  (cones, closed)  (open cones)  (cone and needles)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

A cultivar of Pinus contorta var. latifolia

Common Name List

plant habit, summer and winter

info

Pinus densiflora [Japanese Red Pine] Common Name List
(plant habit) (needles and cones) (trunk, bark) (info)

Two cultivars of Pinus densiflora:

'Pendula' [Pendula Japanese Red Pine] Common Name List
(plant habit) (info)
'Umbraculifera' [Tanyosho Pine] Common Name List
(plant habit) (info)

Pinus edulis [Pinyon Pine] Common Name List
(plant habit and shoot) (info)

Pinus flexilis [Limber Pine] Native List Common Name List
(info)

A popular cultivar of Pinus flexilis:

Common Name List

plant habit

shoot, needles and bark

info

Pinus halepensis   [Aleppo Pine]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (crown)  (branch, needles and cones)  (open cone)
      (trunk, bark)  (info)

Pinus heldriechii or P. heldreichii var. leucodermis see Pinus leucodermis

Pinus jeffreyi [Jeffrey Pine] Native List Common Name List
(plant habit) (branch, needles) (needle cluster) (info)

Pinus kwangtungensis [Kwangtung Pine] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branch and cone) (info)

Pinus lambertiana [Sugar Pine] Native List Common Name List
(plant habit) (needles) (info)

Pinus leucodermis   [Bosnian Pine]    Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (branches and cones)  (branch tip and needles)
      (trunk, bark)  (info)

A selection of Pinus leucodermis:

‘Compact Gem’ [Compact Gem Bosnian Pine]
(plant habit) (info)

Pinus monophylla   [Singleleaf Pinon Pine]  Common Name List
      (plant habit, in habitat)  (plant habit, small tree)  (branches)  (branchlets and cones)  (branchlets)
      (needles)  (cone and branchlet)  (needles and cones)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Pinus monticola   [Western White Pine]  Native List  Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (branches)  (branch)  (shoot, needles)  (needles, close-up)
      (needle, close-up, comparison with P. strobus)  (immature female cones)
      (female cones)  (male (pollen) cones)  (branch and mature cones)
      (info)

A selection of Pinus monticola:

‘Pendula’ [Weeping Western White Pine]
(plant habit) (branch, leaves) (info)

Pinus mugo      [Mugo Pine]       Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (branches)  (cones and new shoots)
      (branches with cones)  (trunks, 60 year old trees)  (info)

Several dwarf cultivars of Pinus mugo:

‘Golden Mound’ [Gold Mound Mugo Pine]
(plant habit, summer) (plant habit, winter) (info)
‘Mitsch Mini’ [Mitsch Mini Mugo Pine]
(plant habit) (info)
‘Oregon Jade’ [Oregon Jade Mugo Pine]
(plant habit) (info)

Pinus nigra      [Austrian Pine]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (needles and mature cones)  (needles and seed cones)  (shoot tips, winter)  (cones)
      (cones, comparison with Pinus thunbergii)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

A few selections of Pinus nigra:

‘Black Prince’ [Black Prince Austrian Pine]
(plant habit) (info)
‘Moseri’ [Moseri Austrian Pine]
(plant habit and needles, winter) (info)
‘Oregon Green’ [Oregon Green Austrian Pine]
(plant habit, needles and cone) (info)

Pinus parviflora [Japanese White Pine] Common Name List
(plant habit) (cone and needles) (info)

Some selections of Pinus parviflora:

‘Glauca’     [Glauca Japanese White Pine]
      (plant habit)  (branch with cones)  (branch tip and needles)
      (branch ends, buds and developing cones)  (seed cones)  (info)
‘Pygmy Yatsubusa’ [Glauca Japanese White Pine]
(plant habit and branches) (info)
‘Tan Mano Uki’ [Tan Mano Uki Japanese White Pine, Japanese Snow Pine]
(plant habit) (needles) (info)

Pinus pinaster      [Maritime Pine, Cluster Pine]     Common Name List
      (plant habit and trunk)  (branch, needles)  (pollen cone and needles)
      (bud and developing cone)  (branch, needles and cones)  (needles (close-up))
      (cone surface)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Pinus pinea [Italian Stone Pine, Umbrella Pine] Common Name List
(plant habit, young) (leaves (needles)) (info)

Pinus ponderosa    [Ponderosa Pine]  Native List  Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (shoots)  (needles)  (needles and cone)  (mature cone)  (cone prickles)
      (male cones and young shoot)  (immature seed cones and young shoot)
      (trunks, bark)  (info)

A dwarf selection of Pinus ponderosa:

‘Dixie’ [Dixie Poderosa Pine]
(plant habit) (info)

Pinus pumila [Japanese Stone Pine, Dwarf Siberian Pine] Common Name List
(info)

A selection of Pinus pumila:

‘Dwarf Blue’ [Dwarf Blue Japanese Stone Pine]
(plant habit) (male cones and leaves) (info)

Pinus radiata [Monterey Pine] Common Name List
(plant habit, old tree) (branches) (needle bundle) (trunk, bark) (info)

Pinus resinosa      [Red Pine]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (male cones and needles)  (developing seed cone and needles)
      (mature seed cones)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Pinus sabiniana [Gray Pine] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branches) (needles and buds) (cone) (trunk, bark) (info)

Pinus strobus [Eastern White Pine] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branches) (cones and needles) (shoot and needles) (trunk, bark) (info)

Some selections of Pinus strobus:

‘Alba’ [Alba White Pine]
(plant habit) (info)
‘Fastigiata’ [Upright White Pine]
(plant habit) (info)
‘Nana’ [Dwarf or Nana White Pine]
(plant habit) (info)
‘Pendula’ [Weeping White Pine]
(plant habit) (branches and needles) (info)
‘Sea Urchin’ [Sea Urchin White Pine]
(plant habit) (info)
‘Torulosa’ [Twisted White Pine]
(plant habit and needeles) (info)
‘Verkade's Broom’ [Verkade's Broom White Pine]
(plant habit) (needles) (info)

Pinus strobiformis      [Southwestern White Pine]     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (branches)  (branch)  (bud and needle bundles)
      (needle bundle)  (stem with needle bundles)  (cone)  (info)

Pinus sylvestris      [Scots Pine, Scotch Pine]      Common Name List
      (a stand)  (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (plant habit, winter)  (pollen and developing seed cone)
      (needles)  (branches, seed cones)  (branches, cones)  (large branches, bark)  (branch and trunk, bark)
      (info)

Some cultivars of Pinus sylvestris:

‘Albyn’
(plant habit) (info)
‘Glauca Nana’
(plant habit) (info)
‘Globosa Virigis’
(plant habit) (info)
‘Hillside Creeper’
(plant habit) (info)
‘Nisbet's Gold’
(plant habit) (shoot, needles) (info)

Pinus thunbergii      [Japanese Black Pine]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (plant habit, young and mature)  (branches)  (shoots and needles, winter)
      (buds, needles)  (immature cones)  (branch with cones)  (cones)  (cones, comparison)
      (trunks, bark)  (info)

A compact selection of Pinus thunbergii:

plant habit

info

Pinus virginiana [Virginia Pine] Common Name List
(info)

A popular selection of Pinus virginiana:

plant habit, winter

needles, winter

plant habit, winter and summer

developing cones

info

Pinus wallichiana      [Himalayan or Bhutan Pine]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (branches, needles)  (needles)  (cones and branches)
      (shoot, needles and cones)  (older branch)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

A variegated selection of Pinus wallichiana:

plant habit

needles

info

Pinus yunnanensis [Yunnan Pine] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branches, needles) (info)

Can you identify these three pines native to the Pacific Northwest?
(Needles of three pines)

Pistacia	Anacardiaceae Cashew Family
Pistache, Pistachio	pis-TA-shi-a

Some 9-10 species of evergreen or deciduous trees and shrubs. Leaves alternate, often compound, but occasionally simple. Flowers dioecious - male and female flowers on separate plants, without petals, in lateral clusters (panicles). Fruit (nut) dry, obliquely ovoid. Native to the Mediterranean region, central and eastern Asia and Texas (Pistacia texana) and Mexico. Pistacia vera is the species that produces the commercial pistachio nut.
Pistacia: from pistake, the Greek work for nut, derived from a Persian name (Stearn, 1996)

Pistacia chinensis      [Chinese Pistache, Chinese Pistachio]      Common Name List
      (flowers, spring)  (flowers and unfolding leaves)  (plant habit)  (leaf)  (plant habit, fall)
      (fruit, fall)  (plant habit, spring)  (trunk, bark)  (twig, buds, fall)  (info)

Pittosporum	Pittosporaceae
Australian Laurel	pit-o-SPO-rum

About 200 species of evergreen trees and shrubs. Leaves alternate to whorled, entire, or rarely with teeth or lobes. Flowers in clusters of one to several, often sweetly scented, white or green hued, yellow, pink to red, 5 sepals, 5 petals, 5 stamens. Fruit a dry, woody capsule.
Pittosporum: from Greek, pitta and sporos, seed, a reference to the sticky, resinous covering of the seeds.

Pittosporum tenuifolium [Tawhiwhi, Kohuhu]
(info)

Two selections of Pittosporum tenuifolium:

‘Marjorie Channon’ [Marjorie Channon Tawhiwhi or Kohuhu or Pittosporum] Common Name List
(plant habit) (plant habit) (leafy shoots) (leaves) (info)
‘Silver Sheen’ [Silver Sheen Tawhiwhi or Kohuhu or Pittosporum] Common Name List
(plant habit) (shoots, leaves) (info)

Pittosporum tobira      [Japanese Mock Orange, Mock Orange, Tobira]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (shoot tip, leaves)  (leaves)  (plant habit, flowering)  (leaves and flowers)
      (plant habit, fruiting)  (leaves and fruit)  (info)

Platanus	Platanaceae
Sycamore, Plane, Plane Tree	PLAT-a-nuz, PLA-ta-nus

Some 6-7 species of deciduous trees with thin, plate-like, exfoliating bark. Buds enclosed by the base of the petiole in summer. Leaves alternate, simple, mostly 5-7 palmately-lobed, pubescent at first, then glabrous and glossy. Flowers in dense, globose clusters on a long, pendulous stalk, individual male and female flowers are inconspicuous and superficially similar. Fruit, a 2 mm achene, are packed in a 2-3 cm globose fruit-ball. Native to North America and southeast Europe and southwest Asia.
Platanus: the Greek name for P. orientalis from platys, broad, a reference to the wide leaves of this tree.

Platanus × acerifolia   ( syn. Platanus × hispanica)   [London Planetree]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, spring)  (expanding leaves and flower clusters)  (plant habit)  (shoot)  (leaf)  (fruit)
      (plant habit, fall)  (leafy shoot with fruit, fall)  (petiole and bud)  (plant habit, late fall)  (trunk, bark)
      (trunk, bark)  (fruit clusters at seed drop, winter)  (dormant buds)  (info)

Platanus racemosa [California Sycamore] Common Name List
(plant habit and trunk, bark) (leaves) (leaves, underside, and stipule) (info)

Platycladus orientalis [Oriental Arborvitae] Common Name List
see Thuja orientalis

Podocarpus	Podocarpceae
Podocarp, Yellow-wood	po-do-KAR-pus

About 100 species of evergreen coniferous trees and shrubs; bark exfoliates in strips. Leaves spirally arranged, often twisted at the base and appearing opposite in 2 ranks, flattened, 1-26 cm long. Female cones borne on a naked peduncle (stalk), when mature a soft, red, fleshy bead-like aril, 5-8×3-6 mm, sometimes as large as 15×15 mm. Native to Mexico, Central and South America, Africa, Himalaya to Japan, Australia and New Zealand.
Podarcarpus: from the Greek pous, foot, and karpos, fruit, a reference to the fleshy receptacle at the base of the seed.

Podocarpus alpina 'Blue Gem' [Blue Gem Podocarp, Blue Gem Tasmainian Podocarp] Common Name List
(plant habit) (shoots) (leaves) (info)

Podocarpus nivalis [Alpine Totara] Common Name List
(plant habit) (plant habit, sheared hedge) (leaves) (info)

Podocarpus totara [Totara, Lowland Totara] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (info)

Polygonum	Polygonaceae
Knotweed, Smartweed, Fleece Vine	po-LI-go-num

About 150 species of mostly annuals and herbaceous perennials, some aquatic vine-like scamblers or woody subshrubs; stems appear jointed (bamboo-like). Leaves alternate, simple, of various shapes, margins entire, stipules sheathing the stem (ocrea). Flowers small, occasionally showy, in clusters of leaf axils or terminal, white, pink or red. Fruit a small 2-3 angled achene. Native to northern temperate regions.
Polygonum: from the Greek, poly, many; gonu, joint, the stems have conspiculously swollen nodes.

Polygonum cuspidatum  (syn. Fallopia japonica, Polygonum japonicum)
                                 [Japanese Knotweed, Mexican Bamboo]       Common Name List
      (plant habit, early spring)  (emerging shoot)  (plant habit, spring)  (shoots and stem, spring)
      (plant habit, summer)  (flowering shoot)  (leaves and flowers)  (flower cluster)  (fruit)
      (shoot, fall)  (plant habit, winter)  (info)

A variegated selection of Polygonum cuspidatum:

‘Variegata’ [Variegated Polygonum or Fallopia] Common Name List
(emerging stems, spring) (plant habit, summer) (leafy shoot) (info)

Polystichum	Aspleniaceae
Wood Fern, Holly Fern	po-LI-sti-kum

Some 175 species of small to medium-sized land ferns. Fronds ("leaves") erect, arching, or sometimes recurved, mostly 1-3 pinnate, uniform or more or less dimorphic (two distinct forms), generally serrate, rachis grooved; round spore containing sori (clusters of spore producing sporangia) on the underside.
Polystichum: from the Greek, poly, many; stix, a row, a reference to the regular rows of sori seen on many species.

Polystichum munitum      [Swordfern]       Common Name List
      (plant habit, in wild)  (plant habit, in landscape)  (fronds ("leaves"))
      (fronds)  (sections of fronds)  (info)

Poncirus	Rutaceae
Trifoliate Orange	pon-SI-rus

A single species, see below.
Poncirus: from the French name for a kind of citron.

Poncirus trifoliata      [Trifoliate Orange, Hardy Orange]       Common Name List
      (plant habit, spring)  (flowers)  (info)

  A common cultivar of Poncirus trifoliata:

Poncirus trifoliata ‘Flying Dragon’  [Flying Dragon Trifoliate Orange]   Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (leaves and fruit)  (leaf)  (spiny stems)  (plant habit, fall)
      (leaves, fall)  (plant habit and branches, winter)  (info)

Populus	Salicaceae (Willow Family)
Poplar, Cottenwood, Aspen	pop-U-lus

About 35 species of deciduous, fast growing, dioecious trees. Leaves alternate, often ovate to laceolate, entire or dentate. Flowers appear before leaves in pendulous catkins, male catkins denser than female. Fruit is a 2-4 valved capsule containing miniature seeds. Native to Europe, Asia, northern Africa and North America.
Populus: the Latin name.

Populus alba      [White Poplar]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (leaves)  (leaves, underside)  (plant habit, fall)
      (leaf, fall)  (winter plant habit and trunk, bark)  (trunk, bark)
      (winter twig, buds)  (info)

Populus angustifolia [Narrowleaf Cottonwood] Native List Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (leaf) (leaf, upper and lower surface) (trunk, bark) (info)

Populus × canescens      [Gray Poplar]     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (plant habit, showing silver underside)  (leafy shoot)
      (leaf and seed catkins)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Populus deltoides      [Eastern Cottonwood]      Common Name List
      (flower clusters, spring)  (expanding leaves)  (plant habit, summer)  (leaf)  (leaves and fruit)
      (fruit at seed release)  (leafy shoot)  (leaves, comparison)  (leaf margins, comparison)  (leaves)
      (in prairie habitat, fall)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (trunk,bark)
      (winter twigs and buds, comparison)  (info)

Populus fremontii      [Fremont Cottonwood]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, in habitat)  (plant habit, in a landscape)  (leaves and young female flower clusters)  (leaf)
      (trunk, bark)  (info)

Populus nigra ‘Italica’ [Lombardy Poplar, Lombardy Black Poplar] Common Name List
(plant habit, summer) (leaves) (plant habit, fall) (branches and leaves, fall) (info)

Populus tremuloides    [Quaking Aspen]  Native List  Common Name List
      (in habitat)  (plant habit)  (leaves)  (leafy shoot)  (leaf)  (leaf, petiole)
      (in habitat, fall)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (trunks)
      (trunk, bark)  (winter twigs)  (winter twigs and buds)  (info)

Populus trichocarpa   [Black Poplar or Cottonwood]  Native List   Common Name List
      (syn. Populus balsamifera subsp. trichocarpa)
      (male (pollen) catkins, spring)  (expanding male (pollen) catkins)  (expanding leaves)
      (leaves and female (seed) catkins)  (seed catkins, late spring)  (seed release, late spring)
      (seeds)  (plant habit, summer)  (leaves)  (leaves and buds)  (leaves, comparison)
      (leaf margins, comparison)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (plant habit, winter)  (trunk, bark)
      (winter twigs and buds, comparison)  (info)

Potentilla	Rosacease
Cinquefoil	po-ten-TIL-a

About 500 species of mostly perennial herbs (also annual and biennial forms) and shrubs. Leaves alternate, compound (palmate and pinnate or tifoliate), leaflet margins often toothed. Flowers usually saucer-shaped, 5 petals, yellow, white, and red. Fruit nutlet-like, small, hard. Native to the Northern Hemisphere
Potentilla: from the Latin potens, powerful, a reference to alleged medicinal properties of the plant.

Potentilla fruticosa   [Bush Cinquefoil]  Native List   Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers and leaves)  (flowers)  (leaves and flowers)
      (flowers and leaves)  (leaf)  (fruit)  (info)

       Some cultivars
        ‘Red Ace’
        ‘Tangerine’

Prunus	Rosacease
	PRU-nus

About 430 species of deciduous, occasionally evergreen, trees and shrubs. Leaves alternate, serrate, sometimes entire, with stipules. Flowers usually white, often pink to red, calyx 5-lobed, 5 petals, stamens many. Fruit usually fleshy and single seeded.
Prunus: from the Latin name for these plants.

Prunus ‘Accolade’      [Accolade Flowering Cherry]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, spring flowering)  (flowering branches)  (flower buds and flowers)
      (flower clusters)  (flowers)  (flower)  (plant habit, summer)  (leaf)  (leaf)
      (leaf base)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Prunus americana [Wild Plum, American Plum] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (fruit and leaves) (info)

Prunus armeniaca      [Apricot]     Common Name List
      (info)

  A selection of Prunus armeniaca:

‘Goldcot’ [Goldcot Apricot]
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers) (plant habit, summer) (leaves) (info)

Prunus besseyi      [Sand Cherry, Western Sand Cherry]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers)  (plant habit, summer)  (leaves)
      (winter plant habit and twig, buds )  (info)

Prunus × blireana      [Blireana Plum]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, early spring flowering)  (plant habit, 9 years later)  (flowering branches)
      (flowers)  (leaf, spring)  (plant habit, summer)  (leaves, summer)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Prunus caroliniana [Carolina Cherrylaurel, American Cherrylaurel] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering, and flowering shoot) (leaf) (info)

Prunus Cascade Snow™      [Cascade Snow Flowering Cherry]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flowering branches)  (flower clusters)  (flower buds and flower)
      (flower)  (plant habit and leaves, after flowering)  (info)

Prunus cerasifera [Cherry Plum, Myrobalan Plum] Common Name List
(info)

Four flowering cultivars of Prunus cerasifera

‘Atropurpurea’      [Pissard Flowering Plum]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers)  (flowers (enlagement))  (leaves at petal fall)
      (leafy shoot, July)  (leafy shoot, August)  (info)

‘Krauter's Vesuvius’ [Krauter's Vesuvius Flowering Plum] Common Name List
(plant habit and flowers) (info)

‘Newport’ [Newport Flowering Plum] see (Prunus ‘Newport’)
‘Thundercloud’       [Thundercloud Flowering Plum]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, spring flowering)  (flowering branches)  (flowers)
      (flower)  (new leaves at petal fall)  (plant habit, spring and summer)
      (leaves, summer)  (leaves and fruit)  (info)

Prunus × cistena      [Purpleleaf Sandcherry, Cistena Plum]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flowering branches)  (young leaves)  (plant habit, after flowering)
      (plant habit, larger shrub)  (plant habit and bark, winter)  (info)

Prunus ‘Dream Catcher’      [Dream Catcher Flowering Cherry]     Common Name List
      (flower buds and flowers, start of bloom)  (flowering branches, near end of bloom)
      (flowers, near end of bloom)  (flower)  (info)

Prunus emarginata    [Bitter Cherry]  Native List  Common Name List
      (opening buds)  (flowers)  (flower clusters)  (plant habit, thicket, summer)  (leaves)  (leaves and developing fruit)
      (ripe fruit and leaves)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (trunk, bark)  (plant habit, thicket, winter)
      (winter branches, twigs and buds)  (winter buds)  (info)

Prunus ‘First Lady’ [First Lady Flowering Cherry] Common Name List
(plant habit and branch, flowering) (flowers) (flowers, end of bloom) (info)

Prunus fruticosa [Steppe Cherry] Common Name List
(info)

Prunus glandulosa [Dwarf Flowering Almond] Common Name List
(plant habit, spring and summer) (expanding leaves) (flowering branch) (info)

Prunus ilicifolia [Hollyleaf Cherry] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (info)

Prunus laurocerasus       [Cherry Laurel, English Laurel]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, hedge)  (shoot)  (leaves)  (shoot, comparison)  (leaves, comparison)
      (flower cluster and flowers)  (leaves and fruit)  (bud and leaves)  (info)

Several selections of Prunus laurocerasus:

‘Marbled Dragon’ (a variegated cultivar) Common Name List
(leaves) (info)
‘Mt. Vernon’ (a dwarf cultivar) Common Name List
(plant habit) (plant habit) (leaves) (leaves, comparison) (info)
‘Otto Luyken’      [Otto Luyken’s Laurel]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, spring flowering)  (plant habit, sheared, flowering)  (leaves)
      (leaves, comparison)  (flowering shoots)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (info)
‘Zabeliana’ [Zabel’s Laurel] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers) (plant habit) (leaves) (info)

Prunus lusitanica      [Portuguese Cherry Laurel]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (plant habit, hedge)  (leaves)  (shoot, comparison)  (leaves, comparison)
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (maturing fruit and leaves)  (ripe fruit)  (info)

Prunus maackii      [Amur Chokecherry]     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (leaves and flowers)  (flower cluster)  (leaves and fruit)
      (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (major branches)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Prunus mume [Japanese Apricot, Japanese Flowering Apricot] Common Name List
(info)

Three selections of Prunus mume:

'Contorta' [Contorta Japanese Apricot] Common Name List
(branches and flower buds, winter) (plant habit, flowering) (flowers) (trunk, bark) (info)
'Peggy Clarke' [Peggy Clarke Japanese Apricot] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers) (leaves) (developing fruit and leaves) (info)
'Trumpet' [Trumpet Japanese Apricot] Common Name List
(floweres) (info)

Prunus ‘Newport’      [Newport Flowering Plum]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, before flowering)  (twig comparison, spring)  (group flowering in landscape)
      (branches, start of flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers)  (info)

Prunus ‘Okame’      [Okame Flowering Cherry]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flowering branches)  (flowers)  (flowers)
      (flowers, after petal fall)  (plant habit, summer)  (leaves)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Prunus padus   [European Birdcherry]    Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (developing and opening flower cluster)  (flowering branches)
      (flower clusters)  (flowers)  (leaf)  (fruit, unripe)  (leaves and buds, summer)  (leaves and ripe fruit)
      (ripe fruit)  (leaves, fall)  (info)

Prunus sargentii [Sargent Cherry] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers) (flowers, again) (info)

A popular cultivar of Prunus sargentii:
'Columnaris' [Columnar Sargent Cherry] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers) (leaves, "portait") (plant habit and leaf, fall) (info)

Prunus serrula      [Birchbark Cherry, Paperbark Cherry]     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (shoots, leaves)  (plant habit, winter)  (flowers, spring)
      (bark, large branch and trunks)  (winter twig, buds)  (info)

Prunus serrulata      [Japanese Flowering Cherry]      Common Name List
      (leaves)  (shoot and leaves)  (leaf and stem)  (leaves, comparison)
      (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (trunk, bark)  (twigs and buds, comparison)
      (winter twig, buds)  (info)

Several cultivars of Prunus serrulata:

‘Kanzan’  (syn. ‘Kwanzan’)     [Kanzan Flowering Cherry]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, young and mature)  (flowers)  (flowers, comparison)
      (flowers, comparison again)  (new leaves and flowers)  (leafy shoot and leaves)  (leaf)
      (leaf and stem)  (old trunk, bark)  (plant habit, fall)  (info)

‘Mt. Fuji’       [Mt. Fuji Flowering Cherry]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (hortizontal branches, flowers)  (flowers)  (flowers)
      (flowers)  (flowers near petal fall)  (new leaves)  (info)

‘Royal Burgundy’     [Royal Burgundy Flowering Cherry]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flowering branches)  (flowers and leaves)
      (expanding leaves and flowers)  (leaves)  (leaf, fall)  (info)

‘Shiro-fugen’      [Shirofugen Flowering Cherry]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flower canopy)  (flowering branches)  (expanding leaves and flowers)
      (flowers)  (flowers, comparison)  (flowers, comparison)  (flowers near drop)
      (leafy shoot and leaves)  (fall color)  (info)

‘Tai Haku’ see Prunus ‘Tai Haku’

‘Ukon’       [Ukon Flowering Cherry]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers)  (flowers near petal fall)
      (branches at petal fall)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (info)

Prunus Snow Fountains®   (syn. Prunus 'Snofozam')  [Snow Fountains Weeping Cherry]  Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers)  (flowers)  (plant habit, after flowering)  (leaves and fruit)
      (info)

Prunus ‘Snow Goose’     [Snow Goose Flowering Cherry]  Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)  (flower)  (flower)  (flowers later in bloom)
      (plant habit, end of flowering)  (end of flowering)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Prunus subcordata [Klamath Plum] Native List Common Name List
(info)

Prunus subhirtella [Higan Cherry] Common Name List
(info)

A few selections of Prunus subhirtella:

Prunus subhirtella ‘Accolade’ see Prunus ‘Accolade’

Prunus subhirtella var. autumnalis       [Autumn Flowering Higan Cherry]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering, winter)  (flowering branches, winter)  (opening flowers)
      (flower buds and flowers)  (leafy shoot)  (leaves)  (leaves, fall)  (info)

Prunus subhirtella ‘Pendula’ [Weeping Higan Cherry] Common Name List
(flower buds) (plant habit, flowering) (flowers) (flower) (leaves) (info)

Prunus subhirtella ‘Whitcomb’       [Whitcomb Flowering Higan Cherry]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flowering branches)  (flowering branch)  (flower buds and flowers)
      (plant habit, summer)  (leafy branches)  (leaves)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Prunus subhirtella ‘Yae-shidare-higan’       [Yae-shedare Higan Cherry, Double Weeping Higan Cherry]
     Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (branches, flowering)  (flowers)
      (plant habit and leaves, summer)  (info)

Prunus ‘Tai Haku’  [Tai Haku Flowering Cherry]  Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flowering branches)  (flower)  (flower)  (older flower)
      (flowers after petal fall, new leaves)  (info)

Prunus virginiana    [Chokecherry]  Common Name List
      (plant habit,flowering)  (flowering branches)  (flowers)  (leaves and immature fruit)
      (leaf)  (plant habit, summer)  (leaves)  (winter plant habit, trunk and twig)
      (winter twig, buds)  (info)

A common cultivar and a botanical variety (var.) of Prunus virginiana:

‘Canada Red’   [Canada Red Chokecherry]    Common Name List
      (plant habit, spring and summer)  (leaves, late spring)  (leaves and young fruit, late spring)
      (plant habit, summer)  (leaves and immature fruit, summer)  (leaves and ripe fruit, summer)
      (info)

P. v. var. demissa [Western Chokecherry] Native List Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (flower clusters and leaf) (fruit) (leaves and fruit) (info)

Prunus × yedoensis [Somei-yoshino Cherry, Tokyo Cherry, Yoshino Cherry] Common Name List
(info)

Prunus  × yedoensis ‘Akebono’    [Akebono Somei-yoshino or Yoshino Cherry]   Common Name List
      (flower buds)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower canopy)  (young tree, flowering)
      (mature tree, flowering)  (flowers)  (flower)  (flowers at petal fall)  (leaves, summer)
      (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (twigs and buds, comparison)  (info)

Pseudotsuga	Pinaceae
Douglas Fir	soo-do-TSOO-ga

From 5 to 8 species, evergreen coniferous trees. Leaves spirally arranged but more or less 2-ranked (especially in shade), linear, flattened, tapered at petiole-like base, green and furrowed above, 2 stomatal bands below. Native to North America and eastern Asia. Seed cones pendulous, short stalked, ripening in the first year, not disintegrating.
Pseudotsuga: from the Greek pseudo-, false, Tsuga.

Pseudotsuga macrocarpa   [Bigcone Douglas Fir]    Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (branchlets with cones)  (cone)  (branch with spent male cones)  (leaves and buds)
      (leaves)  (cone, comparison)  (trunk, bark)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Pseudotsuga menziesii    [Douglas Fir]  Native List  Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (branches)  (upper branches)  (branch, buds, needles)  (needles and bud)  (needles)
      (needles and cones, spring)  (immatuare cones)  (branch with cones)  (mature cone)  (trunks)
      (trunk, bark)  (info)

Some selections of Pseudotsuga menziesii:

P. m. var. glauca [Rocky Mountain Douglas Fir] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branchlets) (branchlet, buds, needles) (info)
‘Graceful Grace’ [Graceful Grace Douglas Fir] Common Name List
(plant habit) (info)
‘Vail’ [Vail Douglas Fir] Common Name List
(plant habit and branchlets) (info)

Pseudotsuga wilsoniana   [Taiwan Douglas Fir]    Common Name List
      (branches with cones)  (branch and cones)  (leaves)  (leaves, underside)
      (leaves and buds)  (cone)  (branchelets, comparison)  (branchlets and cones, comparison)
      (dry cones and seeds, comparison)  (info)

Ptelea	Rutaceae
Hop Tree, Shrubby Trefoil	TE-le-a, TEL-EE-a

Some 11 species of deciduous shrubs or small trees. The number of species recongnized by botanists has varied from as many as 60 (by "spliters") to as few as 3 (by "lumpers"). Leaves alternate or occasionally opposite, compound (trifoliate or 5-foliate). Flowers in clusters, greenish-white, small, 4-5 each sepals and petals, both occasionally 6. Fruit a samara, circular, winged.
Ptelia: the Greek name of the elm tree, which has similar winged fruit.

Ptelea trifoliata [Hoptree] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaf) (fruit and leaves) (stems) (info)

Pteristyrax	Styracaceae
	te-ro-STI-raks

Only 3 species of deciduous shrubs or trees, branches round in cross section (terete). Leaves alternate, simple, margin serrate. Flowers in large clusters (panicle) on short lateral shoots, 5 petals, 5 toothed sepals, 10 stamens Fruit a winged or ribbed with 1-2 seeds. Native to Burma, China, and Japan.
Pterostyrax: from the Greek pteron, wing, and Styrax, one species (P. corymbosa) has wined fruit like Styrax.

Pterostyrax hispida [Epaulette Tree, Fragrant Epaulette Tree] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaf, expanding and mature) (flower clusters) (info)

Punica	Punicaceae
Pomegranate	PU-ni-ka,

Two species of densely branched, deciduous shrubs or small trees. Leaves opposite, clustered, and entire. Flowers bisexual, 1-5 at shoot tips, calyx campanulate to tubular, sepals 5-8, petals 5-7, overlapping, stamens numerous. Native from the eastern Mediterranean to Himalaya.
Punica: from the Latin name, Malum punicum, of Pliny.

Punica granatum      [Pomegranate]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flower)  (flowers and flower bud)  (flower and flower buds)
      (leafy shoot)  (leafy shoot)  (flower buds, flowers, and fruit)  (plant habit, fall)
      (fruit, winter)  (info)

Purshia	Rosaceae
Bitterbrush	poor-SHE-ah

Two or three species of deciduous, sometimes evergreen, shrubs or small trees. Leaves alternate, but usually clustered, small, 3-toothed or lobed at the apex, base wedge-shaped, margin revolute (rolled under). Flowers small, solitary, white, cream to yellow, calyx tubular, 5 petals, many stamens, 1-2 styles. Fruit a persistent, leathery, pubescent achene. Native to the western North America, especially arid or semi-arid regions.
Purshia: after Frederick Traugott Pursh (1774-1820), German explorer, horticulturist, and author of an important early flora of North America, he died in Montreal while collecting material for a flora of Canada.

Purshia tridentata [Bitterbrush, Antelope Brush] Native List Common Name List
(plant habit) (developing fruit and leaves) (leaves) (leaves, underside) (info)

Pyracantha	Rosaceae
Firethorn	pi-ra-KANTH-a

About 7 species of broad-leaved, evergreen, thorny shrubs. Leaves alternate, serrate to crenate to entire, unlobed. Flowers white, 0.5-1 cm, in clusters, petals circular and outspread, 20 stamens, yellow anthers. Fruit a small red or orange drupe. Native range from southeastern Europe to China.
Many Pyracantha cultivars are hybrids of two or more species.
Pyracantha: from the Greek pyr, fire, a reference to the red berries, and akanthos, thorn.

Pyracantha      [Firethorn]     Common NameList
      (plant habit, spring flowering)  (flowers)  (plant habit, fall fruitiing)  (plant habit, fall fruitiing)
      (fruit clusters)  (fruit and leaves)  (info)

Pyracantha coccinea [Scarlet Firethorn] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves and fruit) (info)

Pyracantha koidzumii [Formosan Firethorn] Common Name List
(plant habit, fruiting) (leaves) (fruit and leaves) (thorn and fruit) (info)

Pyrus	Rosaceae
Pear	PI-rus

About 30 species of deciduous trees and shrubs, occasionally terminating in a thorn. Leaves alternate, simple, usually serrate, sometimes lobed. Flowers white, yellowish, green, or rose, in clusters on lateral shoots, 5 each calyx and petals, usually 20 stamens (to 25-30). Fruit often has persistent calyx, flesh embedded with grit (stone) cells. Native from Europe to North Africa and Asia.
Pyrus: the Latin name for pear.

Pyrus calleryana      [Callery Pear]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers)  (flowers)
      (plant habit, summer and fall)  (leaves and fruit)  (plant habit, fall)
      (leaves and fruit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (fruit and domant buds)  (info)

Pyrus fauriei Korean Sun™  ('Westwood')    [Korean Sun Pear]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers and leaves)  (plant habit, summer)  (leaves and fruit)
      (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (info)

Quercus	Fagaceae
Oak	kwer-KUS

Some 600 species of evergreen and deciduous trees and some shrubs. Leaves alternate, short petioles, serrate or dentate or lobed, occasionally entire. Flowers monoecious (i.e., male and female flowers borne on the same plant); male flowers in pendulous catkins, female flowers solitary or in 2 to many-flowered spikes. Fruit an ovate or rounded nut (acorn). Native to North America to South America, Europe and Asia, temperate and subtropical zones, tropical at higher altitudes.
Quercus: the Latin name.

Quercus acutissima      [Sawtooth Oak]      Common Name List
      (male catkins, spring)  (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (leaf margin)  (developing acorns)
      (developing acorn and leaves)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (trunk, bark)  (winter twig and buds)
      (info)

Quercus agrifolia      [Coast Live Oak]     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (foliage)  (leaves)  (leaf, shade)  (developing fruit (acorns))
      (trunks, bark)  (info)

Quercus alba      [(Eastern) White Oak]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (leaves)  (leafy shoot)  (leaves)  (leaves, comparison)
      (fruit (acorn))  (plant habit, fall)  (foliage, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (trunk, bark)
      (info)

Quercus berberidifolia [California Scrub Oak, Scrub Oak] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (fruit (acorn)) (info)

Quercus bicolor      [Swamp White Oak]     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (expanding leaves, spring)  (leaves)  (shoot)  (leaves, comparison)
      (developing acorn)  (leaves, fall)  (trunk, bark)  (winter twig and buds)  (info)

Quercus × bimundorum [Two Worlds Oak] Common Name List
(info)

A selection of Quercus × bimundorum:
   Crimson Spire™  -  (Q. × b. 'Crimschmidt')    [Crimson Spire Oak]    Common Name List
      (plant habit, summer)  (leaves)  (leaf, underside)  (developing fruit (acorn))
      (mature fruit (acorn))  (plant habit, fall)  (leafy branch, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (leaf, fall)  (info)

Quercus castaneifolia [Chestnut-leaved Oak] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (info)

Quercus chrysolepis    [Canyon Live Oak]  Native List  Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (leafy shoots)  (shoot tips)  (leaves)  (male catkins)
      (developing fruit)  (developing fruit)  (ripening fruit)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Quercus coccinea      [Scarlet Oak]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, summer)  (leaves and fruit)  (leaves)  (developing fruit)
      (plant habit and leaf, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (leaves and fruit, fall)
      (fruit (acorns))  (trunk, bark)  (winter twigs and buds)  (buds, comparison)
      (info)

Quercus douglasii      [Blue Oak, California Blue Oak]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (canopy)  (leaves)  (leaves, underside)  (developing fruit (acorn))
      (trunk, bark)  (info)

Quercus durata [Leather Oak] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (leaves) (leaves, underside) (fruit (acorns) and leaves) (info)

Quercus emoryi [Emory Oak, Black or Blackjack Oak] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (trunk, bark) (info)

Quercus engelmannii [Engelmann Oak, Mesa Oak] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (leaf) (fruit (acorns)) (trunk, bark) (info)

Quercus frainetto [Hungarian Oak] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaf) (leaves, fall) (plant habit, winter) (winter twig, buds) (info)

Quercus gambelii       [Gambel Oak]     Common Name List
      (in habitat, Rocky Mountain foothills)  (plant habit, in habitat)  (plant habit, in landscape)  (leaves)
      (leaves)  (developing acorns)  (twig and buds, winter)  (info)

Quercus garryana   [Oregon White Oak]  Native List  Common Name List
      (branch, spring)  (male catkins and expanding leaves)  (female flowers)  (plant habit, summer)
      (leaves)  (leaf)  (acorn development)  (ripening acorns)  (leaves, fall)  (acorns and leaf, fall)
      (in a landscape)  (trunk, bark)  (trunk, bark of old tree)  (winter twigs, buds)  (info)

A shrub form of Quercus garryiana:
Q. g. var. breweri [Brewer's Oak] Native List Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (info)

Quercus ilex [Holly Oak, Holm Oak] Common Name List
(plant habit, young tree) (plant habit, large tree) (foliage) (leaves) (info)

Quercus imbricaria   [Shingle Oak]     Common Name List
      (new leaves)  (plant habit)  (summer foliage)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (leaf)
      (developing fruit (acorns))  (trunk, bark)  (winter twig, buds)  (info)

Quercus kelloggii   [California Black Oak]  Native List   Common Name List
      (catkins and expanding leaves)  (plant habit, summer)  (leafy branches)  (leaves)  (leaf)
      (leaf, underside)  (developing acorns)  (mature acorns)  (branches, fall)  (leaf, fall)  (trunk, bark)
      (older trunks, bark)  (winter twigs, buds)  (info)

Quercus macocarpa      [Bur Oak, Mossycup Oak]      Common Name List
      (expanding leaves and flowers)  (plant habit)  (plant habit, older tree)  (leaf)
      (immature fruit and leaves)  (leaves and immature fruit)  (leaves and fruit)
      (plant habit, fall)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (mature fruit (acorns))
      (plant habit, winter)  (trunk, bark)  (winter twigs, buds)  (info)

Giant puffball fungus (Calvatia gigantea) at the base of a Burr Oak (Quercus macrocarpa).

Quercus marilandica [Blackjack Oak] Common Name List
(plant habit, small tree) (leaves) (leaf) (leaves) (info)

Quercus muehlenbergii      [Chinkapin Oak]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, summer)  (leaves and buds)  (leaf)  (leaf, underside)  (trunk, bark)  (winter twig and buds)
      (plant habit, spring)  (info)

Quercus palustris      [Pin Oak]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, winter and spring)  (branches, spring)  (expanding leaves and male flowers)
      (plant habit, summer and fall)  (leaf)  (leaf, underside)  (leaves)  (immature and mature fruit)
      (leaves, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (leaf, fall)  (trunk, bark)  (winter twigs)  (info)

Wow! Just imagine the size of the squirrel that collected these acorns!

Quercus phellos      [Willow Oak]       Common Name List
      (male catkins and expanding leaves)  (plant habit, young and mature)  (leaves)  (leaves)
      (branches, fall)  (plant habit, fall, small tree)  (leaves, fall)  (trunk, bark)
      (winter twigs and buds)  (info)

Quercus prinoides      [Dwarf Chinquapin Oak]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (leaves and acorns)  (leaf)  (leaf, underside)
      (maturing acorns)  (mature acorns)  (info)

Quercus robur      [English Oak]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (foliage)  (leaves)  (leaves)  (leaf bases)  (immature fruit and leaves)
      (mature fruit and leaves)  (fruit, fall)  (plant habit and leaves, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (trunk, bark)
      (twigs, winter)  (info)

Probably the most popular selection of Quercus robur:
‘Fastigiata’ [Upright English Oak] Common Name List
(plant habit, summer) (leaves) (leaves and fruit (acorn)) (info)

Quercus rubra      [Red Oak]     Common Name List
      (branch, spring)  (female flower (fruit), male catkins and leaves)  (plant habit, summer)
      (leaves)  (leaves)  (fruit [acorns])  (single fruit [acorn])  (plant habit, fall)
      (variation in fall color)  (leaves and fruit [acorns], fall)  (fruit (acorns))  (trunk)
      (trunk, bark)  (winter twigs and buds)  (buds, comparison)  (info)

Quercus sadleriana [Sadler Oak, Deer Oak] Native List Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaf) (info)

Quercus suber [Cork Oak] Common Name List
(plant habit, young tree) (branch) (leaves) (fruit and shoot) (trunk, bark) (info)

Quercus turbinella [Scrub Live Oak] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (info)

Quercus undulata [Wavyleaved Oak] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leavy shoots) (leaves) (info)

Quercus vaccinifolia [Huckleberry Oak] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (leaves, comparison) (small shrub and leafy shoots) (info)

Quercus velutina      [Black Oak]      Common Name List
      (leafy shoot)  (leaf)  (leaf, underside)  (plant habit, fall)
      (leaf, fall)  (trunk, bark)  (winter twigs, buds)  (info)

Quercus wislizeni [Interior Live Oak] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leafy shoots) (leaves) (fruit (acorn)) (trunk, bark) (info)

Can you identify eight Quercus species from their leaves?
Hint: two are native to Oregon.
(leaves)

Can you identify, from their acorns, four Quercus species commmonly grown in Western Oregon?
(acorns)

Raphiolepis, see Rhaphiolepis

Rhamnus	Rhamnaceae
Buckthorn	RAM-nus

Some 150 species of deciduous, sometimes evergreen, trees and shrubs, often with thorny twigs. Leaves alternate, opposite or spirally arranged, parallel veins, serrate or entire margins. Flowers small, 4 or 5 parted, unisexual or bisexual, style simple with 3-lobed stigma. Fruit a globose drupe. Native to northern temperate areas, plus east and south Africa and Brazil.
Rhamnus: from the Greek name Rhamnos of a shrub in the genus.

Rhamnus californica    [Coffeeberry, California Buckthorn]  Native List  Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (leafy shoot)  (leaves)  (leaves)  (plant habit, in woods)  (plant habit, in landscape)
      (ripening fruit)  (unripe and ripe fruit)  (trunks, bark)  (info)

A selection of Rhamnus californica:
‘Mound San Bruno’ [Mound San Bruno Coffeeberry or Buckthron] Common Name List
(plant habit, in shade) (leaves) (leaves and flower buds) (leaves and flowers) (info)

Rhamnus frangula [Alder, Glossy or Elder Buckthorn] Common Name List
(info)

A selection of Rhamnus frangula:
‘Asplenifolia’ [Asplenifolia Alder Buckthron] Common Name List
(leaves) (leaves, stem and ripening fruit) (info)

Rhamnus purshiana    [Cascara, Chittam]  Native List  Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (flowers, spring)  (leaves and immature fuit)  (fruit and leaves)
      (shoot, leaves, fruit, bud)  (leaves, fall)  (trunk, bark)  (twigs and buds, winter)  (info)

Rhaphiolepis (syn. Raphiolepis)	Rosaceae
	raf-i-o-LE-pis

About 15 species of evergreen shrubs or small trees. Leaves alternate, glossy dark green, serrate to entire, petioles spines. Flowers white to pink, calyx 5-lobed, 5 petals, 15-20 stamens. Fruit globose, often black, usually 1-seeded.
Rhaphiolepis: from Greek rhaphis, needle, and lepis, scale, referring to the narrow bracteoles of the inflorescence.

Rhaphiolepis indica [Indian Hawthorn] Common Name List
(info)

A selection of Rhaphiolepis indica:
‘Pink Lady’ [Pink Lady Indian Hawthorn] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers) (flowers and leaves) (leaf) (info)

Rhaphiolepis ‘Majestic Beauty’      [Majestic Beauty Rhaphiolepis]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, start of flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (leaves and flowers)
      (flowers)  (flowers, again)  (leaf)  (info)

Rhaphiolepis umbellata      [Yeddo Rhaphiolepis]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers)  (flower)  (flowers and leaves)  (leaves)  (leaves)
      (leaf surfaces and margin)  (leaves and fruit)  (info)

A dwarf selection of Rhaphiolepis umbellata:
‘Minor’ (syn. Gulf Green™) [Dwarf Yeddo Rhaphiolepis] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (shoots) (flowers) (plant habit, summer) (info)

Rhododendron

Information on Rhododendron

Selected species and cultivars given below

In the descriptions (i.e., info) of the Rhododendron hybrids and species below, the follow information is given:

Approximate height at 10 years

Hardiness temperature (^o F), the minimum temperature a mature plant can take without serious injury

The minimum temperatures for the following USDA Zone hardiness are:

USDA Zone 4 -20^o to -30

USDA Zone 5 -10^o to -20

USDA Zone 6 0^o to -10^o

USDA Zone 7 10^o to 0^o

USDA Zone 8 20^o to 10^o

In some catalogs rhododendrons are given a "hardiness ratings" as H-1, H-2, H-3, etc. These "H" values correspond to minimum hardiness temperatures as follows:

H-1 to - 25^o mid-point of USDA Zone 4

H-2 to - 15^oF, mid-point of USDA Zone 5

H-3 to - 5^oF, mid-point of USDA Zone 6

H-4 to 5^oF, mid-point of USDA Zone 7

Flowering season

The flowering seasons in Oregon is as follows (from Greer's, 1996):

very early	Jan., Feb., to March 15
early	March 15 to April 15
early-mid	April 15 to May 1
mid	May 1 to June 1
late	June 1 to June 15
very late	June 15 through August

Quality rating

The numerical quality rating (e.g., 3/5/4) is based on a 1 (poorest) to 5 (best) scale for the following attributes (and in the order given): flower / foliage & plant / performance. The rating is by the American Rhododendron Society.

Rhododendron ‘Airy Fairy’ [Airy Fairy Rhododendron] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flower clusters and leaves) (flower cluster) (flower) (info)

Rhododendron ‘Alice’      [Alice Rhododendron]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers, flower buds and leaves)  (flower cluster)
      (flower)  (leaves)  (info)

Rhododendron ‘Anna Rose Whitney’ [Anna Rose Whitney Rhododendron] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers, flower buds and leaves) (flower cluster) (info)

Rhododendron ‘April Glow’ [April Glow Rhododendron] Common Name List
(flower cluster) (flowers) (leaf) (info)

Rhododendron arboreum Common Name List
(info)

Rhododendron arboreum ssp. cinnamomeum [Cinnamon Rhododendron] Common Name List
(flower clusters and leaves) (flower cluster) (flower) (leaves) (leaves, underside) (info)

Rhododendron arboreum ssp. cinnamomeum var. roseum           Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (opening and open clusters)  (flower clusters and leaves)
      (flower cluster)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (info)

Rhododendron argyrophyllum ssp. nankingense ‘Chinese Silver’ Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flower clusters) (flower) (leaf) (info)

Rhododendron ‘Arthur J. Ivens’ [Arthur J. Ivens Rhododendron] Common Name List
(flowers and flower buds) (flowers) (info)

Rhododendron augustinii      [Augustine Rhododendron]      Common Name List
      (along a garden path, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers)  (flowers)  (leaves)
      (leaves, close-up)  (info)

Rhododendron ‘Ball of Snow’ see Rhododendron ‘Boule de Neige’.

Rhododendron ‘Beauty of Littleworth’   [Beauty of Littleworth Rhododendron]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flower buds and leaves)  (flower clusters)  (flowers)
      (flower)  (leaf)  (info)

Rhododendron ‘Bibiani’       [Bibiani Rhododendron]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (flower cluster)
      (leaves)  (leaves, comparison)  (info)

Rhododendron ‘Blue Diamond’ [Blue Diamond Rhododendron] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (leaves and flowers) (flower cluster) (flower) (leaves) (info)

Rhododendron ‘Blue Peter’     [Blue Peter Rhododendron]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (flower cluster)  (flowers)
      (leaves and bud)  (info)

Rhododendron ‘Boule de Neige’   (syn. 'Ball of Snow')   [Boule de Neige Rhododendron]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower buds and leaves)
      (flower clustser and leaves)  (flowers)  (leaf)  (info)

Rhododendron ‘Bow Bells’ [Bow Bells Rhododendron] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers and flower buds) (flowers) (leaves) (info)

Rhododendron ‘Bric-a-brac’ [Bric-a-brac Rhododendron] Common Name List
(plant habit) (flower bud) (flowers) (flower) (leaves and flowers) (leaf) (info)

Rhododendron ‘Bruce Brechtbill’      [Bruce Brechtbill Rhododendron]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (leaves and flowers)
      (flower clusters)  (flower)  (leaves and bud)  (info)

Rhododendron bureavii      [Bureau Rhododendron]      Common Name List
      (flower cluster and leaves, April)  (flower and leaf underside (indumentum))
      (emerging leaves, May)  (plant habit, early summer)  (leaves, early summer)
      (mature leaves)  (mature leaves, underside (indumentum))  (info)

Rhododendron campylocarpum ssp. coloxanthum [Coloxanthum Rhododendron] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers) (leaves) (info)

Rhododendron catawbiense [Catawba Rhododendron] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flower clusters and leaves) (flower cluster and leaves) (info)

Rhododendron ‘Cheer’ [Cheer Rhododendron] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flower cluster) (leaf) (info)

Rhododendron ‘Chevalier Felix de Sauvage’ [Chevalier Felix de Sauvage Rhododendron] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flower cluster) (leaf) (info)

Rhododendron ‘Christmas Cheer’ [Christmas Cheer Rhododendron] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flower clusters) (flower cluster) (faded flower clusters) (leaf) (info)

Rhododendron cinnabarinum [Cinnabar Rhododendron] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flower cluster) (flower) (info)

Rhododendron concinnum [Concinnum Rhododendron] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers and leaves) (flower) (leaves) (info)

Rhododendron ‘Cotton Candy’ [Cotton Candy Rhododendron] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flower clusters) (flower cluster) (flower) (leaves) (info)

Rhododendron ‘Crest’ [Crest Rhododendron] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers and leaves) (flowers) (leaves) (info)

Rhododendron ‘Cunningham's White’ [Cunningham's White Rhododendron] Common Name List
(flowering habit, older plant) (plant habit, flowering) (flower buds) (flower cluster) (flowers) (leaf) (info)

Rhododendron ‘Cynthia’      [Cynthia Rhododendron]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (flower clusters)
      (flower clusther)  (leaves)  (info)

Rhododendron ‘Daphnoides’      [Daphnoides Rhododendron]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, before flowering)  (plant habit (small), flowering)  (plant habit (larger), flowering)
      (flower cluster)  (leaves)  (leaves, "portrait")  (info)

Rhododendron dauricum [Dauricum Rhododendron] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers and leaves) (info)

Rhododendron davidsonianum [Davidsonianum Rhododendron] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowering branches) (flowers and leaves) (flowers) (info)

Rhododendron ‘Day Dream’ (Biscuit form) [Day Dream Rhododendron, Biscuit form] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flower clusters) (flowers) (leaf) (info)

Rhododendron    (deciduous azalea, examples)     [Deciduous Azalea]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, leafing out)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower)  (plant habit, after flowering)  (leaves)
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers)  (flowers, again)  (flowers, again)  (flowers, again)  (info)

Rhododendron degronianum ssp. yakushimanum see Rhododendron yakushimanum

Rhododendron ‘Delaware Valley White’ [Delaware Valley White Azalea] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers and leaves) (info)

Rhododendron ‘Dora Amateis’      [Dora Amateis Rhododendron]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, before flowering)  (flower buds and leaves)  (plant habit, flowering)
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)  (flowers)  (info)

Rhododendron ‘El Camino’ [El Camino Rhododendron] Common Name List
(flower cluster) (flower bud and leaves) (info)

Rhododendron ‘Elizabeth’       [Elizabeth Rhododendron]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flower cluster)  (flower and leaves)  (leaves)  (leaves, again )
      (leaves, comparison)  (info)

Rhododendron falconeri ssp. falconeri [Falconer Rhododendron] Common Name List
(plant habit and flowers) (info)

Rhododendron ‘Fantastic’ [Fantastic Rhododendron] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flower cluster) (info)

Rhododendron formosum var. formosum [Formosum Rhododendron] Common Name List
(plant habit, start of flowering) (flower buds and flowers) (flower) (leaves) (info)

Rhododendron forrestii ssp. forrestii [Forrest Rhododendron] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves and flower) (flower and leaves) (leaves) (info)

Rhododendron fortunei ssp. discolor [Fortune Discolor or Discolor Rhododendron] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flower cluster) (mature leaves) (emerging leaves) (info)

Rhododendron ‘Frilly Lemon’ [Frilly Lemon Azalea] Common Name List
(flower) (info)

Rhododendron ‘Gartendirektor Rieger’ [Gartendirektor Rieger Rhododendron] Common Name List
(flower clusters and leaves) (flower buds) (flower) (leaves) (info)

Rhododendron ‘Girard's Purple’ [Girard's Purple Azalea] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flower bud and leaves) (flower) (info)

Rhododendron ‘Grace Seabrook’ [Grace Seabrook Rhododendron] Common Name List
(flower clusters and leaves) (flower cluster) (leaves and buds) (info)

Rhododendron haematodes ssp. haematodes [Haematodes Rhododendron] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers and leaves) (leaves) (info)

Rhododendron hanceanum [Hanceanum Rhododendron] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (plant habit, flowering) (leaves and flowers) (flower cluster) (info)

Rhododendron ‘Hardijzer's Beauty’ [Hardijzer's Beauty Azaleodendron] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (leaves and flowers) (flowers) (info)

Rhododendron ‘Harry Carter’ [Harry Carter Rhododendron] Common Name List
(flower clusters) (flowers) (leaves) (info)

Rhododendron ‘Hino Crimson’ [Hino Crimson Azalea] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (small plants, flowering) (leaves and flowers) (info)

Rhododendron ‘Hinode Giri’      [Hinode Giri Azalea]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering again)  (leaves and flower buds)
      (flowers and leaves)  (info)

Rhododendron hippophaeoides var. hippophaeoides [Hippophaeoides Rhododendron] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers and leaves) (flower cluster) (leaves) (info)

Rhododendron ‘Honourable Jean Marie de Montague’ [Jean Marie Rhododendron]
see (Rhododendron ‘The Honourable Jean Marie de Montague’)

Rhododendron ‘Horizon Monarch’ [Horizon Monarch Rhododendron] Common Name List
(flower buds, flowers and leaves) (flower) (leaf) (info)

Rhododendron ‘Hotei’ [Hotei Rhododendron] Common Name List
(flowers) (leaves) (info)

Rhododendron irroratum [Irroratum Rhododendron] Common Name List
(flower cluster) (flowers) (stem and expanding leaves) (info)

Rhododendron ‘Jean Marie de Montague’ [Jean Marie Rhododendron]
see (Rhododendron ‘The Honourable Jean Marie de Montague’)

Rhododendron johnstoneanum ‘Double Diamond’ [Double Diamond (Johnstone) Rhododendron] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (plant habit, flowering) (flowers and leaves) (flower) (young leaf) (info)

Rhododendron keiskei [Keiskei Rhododendron] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers and leaves) (flower) (info)

Rhododendron ‘Ken Janeck’ [Ken Janeck Rhododendron] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers) (info)

Rhododendron kiusianum [Kiusianum Azalea] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers and leaves) (flowers) (info)

Rhododendron ‘Lem's Cameo’ [Lem's Cameo Rhododendron] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flower clusters) (leaves) (info)

Rhododendron ‘Lem's Monarch’ [Lem's Monarch Rhododendron ] Common Name List
See syn. ‘Pink Walloper’

Rhododendron    Lights Azalea Hybrids     [Lights Azalea Hybrid Series]     Common Name List
      (info)

  Several cultivars of Lights Azalea Hybrids:

‘Northen Lights’
(plant habit, flowering) (leaves and flowers) (flower and flower buds) (info)

‘Orchid Lights’
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers) (info)

‘Rosy Lights’
(flowers) (info)

‘White Lights’
(flowers) (info)

Rhododendron ‘Loderi’ hybrid [Loderi Hybrid Rhododendron] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flower) (leaves) (info)

Rhododendron lutescens      [Lutescens Rhododendron]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers)  (flowers and leaves)
      (new growth)  (info)

Rhododendron luteum [Pontic Azalea] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flower cluster) (flower cluster) (info)

Rhododendron macrophyllum [Western Rhododendron] Native List Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering in wild) (clusters and leaves) (flower cluster) (flowers) (info)

Rhododendron ‘Moonstone’ [Moonstone Rhododendron] Common Name List
(flowering shoots) (flowers and leaves) (flowers) (info)

Rhododendron ‘Mrs. Furnival’      [Mrs. Furnival Rhododendron]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (flower cluster)
      (flowers)  (leaf)  (flower cluster, comparison)  (info)

Rhododendron ‘Mrs. G.W. Leak’    [Mrs. G.W. Leak Rhododendron]    Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)  (flower cluster)  (flower)  (leaf)  (flower cluster, comparison)
      (info)

Rhododendron ‘Myrtifolium’      [Myrtifolium Rhododendron]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, before flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flowering branches)
      (flower cluster and leaves)  (info)

Rhododendron niveum [Niveum Rhododendron] Common NameList
(plant habit, flowering) (flower clusters and leaves) (flower cluster) (leaves) (info)

Rhododendron occidentale     [Western Azalea]  Native List  Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (flowers)  (flowers)  (flowers)
      (young leaves)  (leaves)  (buds, winter)  (info)

Many of the commercial selections offered as Rhododendron occidentale are actually hybrids, such as:

‘Irene Kosteri’ Azalea Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (unfolding flower) (info)

Rhododendron orbiculare ssp. orbiculare     [Orbiculare Rhododendron]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, winter)  (leaves)  (flowers about to open)  (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)
      (flower cluster)  (flower cluster)  (flowers)  (flower)  (info)

Rhododendron oreotrephes [Oreotrephes Rhododendron] Common NameList
(plant habit, flowering) (flower clusters) (leaf) (info)

Rhododendron ‘Oudijk's Sensation’      [Oudijk's Sensation Rhododendron]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flower buds and leaves)  (flower cluster)  (flower cluster)  (flower)  (leaves)
      (info)

Rhododendron ‘Peekaboo’ [Peekaboo Rhododendron] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers and leaves) (plant habit, summer) (info)

Rhododendron ‘Pink Pearl’      [Pink Pearl Rhododendron]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, before flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers, flower buds and leaves)
      (flowers and flower buds)  (flower and flower buds)  (flower cluster)  (flowers)
      (leaves)  (info)

Rhododendron ‘Pink Walloper’ (syn. ‘Lem's Monarch’) [Pink Walloper Rhododendron] Common Name List
(flower clusters and leaves) (flower clusters) (flower) (leaves and bud) (info)

Rhododendron ‘Pioneer Silvery Pink’ [Pioneer Silvery Pink Rhododendron] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flower cluster) (leaves) (plant habit, winter) (info)

Rhododendron ‘P.J.M.’      [P.J.M. Rhododendron]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, winter color)  (leaves and buds, winter)  (leaves and buds, early spring)
      (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering (again))  (flower cluster and leaves)
      (plant habit, new growth)  (info)

Rhododendron ‘Point Defiance’ [Point Defiance Rhododendron] Common Name List
(flower clusters and leaves) (flower cluster) (info)

Rhododendron ‘President Roosevelt’        [President Roosevelt Rhododendron]     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (flower bud, flowers and leaves)  (flower cluster)  (flower)
      (leaves)  (leaf)  (info)

Rhododendron prinophyllum [Roseshell Azalea] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers) (leaves at flowering) (info)

Rhododendron prunifolium       [Plumleaf Azalea]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering (mid-July))  (flowers and leaves)  (flowers)  (flowers with visitor)
      (flowers and leaves)  (info)

Note the spelling difference between the azalea ‘Purple Splendor’ and the rhododendron ‘Purple Splendour’.

Rhododendron ‘Purple Splendor’      [Purple Splendor Azalea]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers)  (flower and leaves)
      (side view of flower)  (leaves)  (info)

Rhododendron ‘Purple Splendour’ [Purple Splendour Rhododendron] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers and leaves) (flower cluster) (flower) (leaf) (info)

Rhododendron quinquefolium [Quinquefolium Azalea] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers) (expanding leaves and flowers) (info)

Rhododendron racemosum [Racemosum Rhododendron] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flower clusters) (flower cluster) (flower clusters and leaves) (info)

Rhododendron ‘Ramapo’      [Ramapo Rhododendron]      Common Name List
      (leaves and flower buds, winter)  (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)
      (flowers and leaves)  (info)

Rhododendron ‘Rosamundi’      [Rosamundi Rhododendron]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (emerging flower cluster)  (flower cluster)
      (flower cluster and leaves)  (new and old flower clusters)  (leaves)  (info)

Rhododendron ‘Roseum Elegans’ [Roseum Elegans Rhododendron] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flower cluster) (flowers) (leaf) (info)

Rhododendron roxieanum var. oreonasters [Roxieanum Oreonasters Rhododendron] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flower clusters and leaves) (flower cluster) (info)

Rhododendron rubiginosum [Rubiginosum Rhododendron] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flower clusters) (flowers) (leaves) (info)

Rhododendron ‘Sappho’ [Sappho Rhododendron] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flower cluster) (flowers) (flower) (leaves) (info)

Rhododendron ‘Scarlet Wonder’ [Scarlet Wonder Rhododendron] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (leaves and flowers) (plant habit, fall) (info)

Rhododendron schlippenbachii      [Royal Azalea]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers and buds)  (flowers)
      (plant habit)  (leaves and flowers)  (leaves)  (info)

Rhododendron serpyllifolium [Wild Thyme Azalea] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (leaves, flower buds, and flowers) (flowers, flower buds and leaves) (info)

Rhododendron sinofalconeri [Sinofalconer Rhododendron] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flower clusters and leaves) (flower cluster) (info)

Rhododendron sinogrande [Sinogrande Rhododendron] Common Name List
(plant habit) (plant habit) (leaf) (leaf, underside) (growing point) (info)

Rhododendron smirnowii [Smirnow Rhododendron] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flower cluster) (leaves) (info)

Rhododendron ‘Snow Lady’      [Snow Lady Rhododendron]      Common Name List
      (in a landscape, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers and leaves)  (flowers)  (leaves)
      (plant habit, after flowering)  (developing leaves)  (info)

Rhododendron stenopetalum ‘Linearifolium’ [Spider Azalea] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers and foliage) (flower cluster and leaves) (flower and leaves) (info)

Rhododendron ‘Taurus’      [Taurus Rhododendron]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flower buds, winter)  (opening flower buds)  (flower cluster)
      (flower)  (leaves)  (info)

Rhododendron ‘Temple Belle’    [Temple Belle Rhododendron]     Common Name List
      (leaves and buds)  (plant habit, start of flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)
      (flowers)  (flower)  (leaves)  (new growth)  (info)

Rhododendron ‘The Honourable Jean Marie de Montague’     [Jean Marie Rhododendron]  Common Name List
      (plant habit and buds, before flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower cluster and leaves)
      (flowers)  (flowers and leaves)  (info)

Rhododendron thomsonii ssp. thomsonii (syn. R. thomsonii) [Thomson Rhododendron] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flower cluster) (flower clustser, top view) (leaf and flower calyx) (info)

Rhododendron ‘Trilby’ [Trilby Rhododendron] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flower cluster) (info)

Rhododendron ‘Unique’       [Unique Rhododendron]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower and buds)  (opening flower cluster)
      (plant habit, late in flowering)  (older flower cluster)  (leaves and flower buds)  (leaf)
      (info)

Rhododendron wardii [Ward Rhododendron] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers and leaves) (flowers) (leaves and opening flowers) (info)

Rhododendron ‘Winsome’      [Winsome Rhododendron]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flower buds and leaf)  (flower clusters)  (flower cluster)
      (flower, side)  (flower, front)  (leaves)  (info)

Rhododendron yakushimanum     [R. degronianum ssp. yakushimanum]   [Yak Rhododendron]
           Common Name List
      (plant habit, before flowering)  (leaves)  (leaves and opening flower buds)  (plant habit, flowering)
      (flowers)  (expanding leaves, after flowering)  (young leaves)  (info)

Rhodotypos	Rosaceae
Black Jetbead	ro-do-TI-pos

A single species in this genus, as deciduous shrub to 5 m (see below).
Rhodotypos: from the Greek rhodon, rose, and typos, a reference to the similarity of the flower to that of a rose.

Rhodotypos scandens        [Black Jetbead]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers)  (leaves)  (fruit, immature)
      (flowers with previous season's fruit)  (info)

Rhus	Anacardiaceae
Sumac	roos

About 200 species of deciduous or evergreen trees or shubs, sometime climbing, many are more or less poisonous. Leaves alternate, simple or compound, leaflet entire or serrate. Flowers very small, usually unisexual, 5 petals, 5 stamens, calyx deeply 5-lobed. Fruit a small dry drupe.
Rhus: the Greek, rhous, for the plant.

Rhus aromatica [Fragrant Sumac] Common Name List
(leaves) (leaf) (leaves) (leaves and fruit clusters, June) (fruit cluster) (leaves and buds, Sept.) (info)

A cultivar of Rhus aromatica:
  ‘Gro-Low’   [Gro-Low Fragrant Sumac]  Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)  (leaves and flowers)  (plant habit, summer)
      (leaves)  (info)

Rhus diversiloba  (syn. Toxicodendron diversilobum)  [Do Not Touch! ...its ][Poison Oak]
      Native List  Common Name List
      (young expanding leaf, early spring)  (leaves, early summer)  (leaves, vine on tree)
      (fruit clusters, summer)  (leafy branches, fall)  (branch, fall)  (vines on trees, fall)
      (leaves, fall)  (leaf and fruit, fall)  (info)

Rhus glabra [Smooth Sumac] Native List Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaf) (stem) (leaf, fall) (fruit cluster, fall) (info)

Rhus integrifolia [Lemonade Berry, Lemonade Sumac] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (info)

Rhus lancea [African Sumac, Willow Rhus, Karee] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves and fruit) (trunk, bark) (info)

Rhus ovata    [Sugar Bush, Sugar Sumac]    Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (foliage and flowers)  (leaves and flower clusters)  (leaf, flat)
      (large branch, bark)  (info)

Rhus trilobata [Skunkbush Sumac, Lemonade Sumac, Sourberry] Native List Common Name List
(plant habit, in habitat) (plant habit) (leaves) (info)

Rhus typhina      [Staghorn Sumac]       Common Name List
      (plant habit, summer)  (leaves)  (stem, velvety new growth)  (flower cluster and leaves, summer)
      (leaves and fruit, early fall)  (in habitat, fall)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves and fruit, fall)  (leaflets, fall)
      (fruit clusters, winter)  (fruit)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

A common cultivar of Rhus typhina:
‘Laciniata’ [Laciniate or Laceleaf Staghorn Sumac] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (leaves and flower clusters) (plant habit, fall) (leaves and fruit, fall) (info)

Ribes	Grossulariaceae
Currant, Gooseberry	ri-BEEZ

Some 150 species of small to medium sized shrubs, deciduous, occasionally evergreen, often with prickly stems. Leaves alternate, simple, frequently lobed, short petiole, folded in the bud stage. Flowers usually bisexual, often 5-parted, sometimes 4, petals green or green-white. Fruit a juicy, few to many seeded berry.
Ribes: an Arabic name properly belonging to Rheum.

Ribes aureum [Golden Currant] Native List Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (flowers) (plant habit, fall) (leaves, fall) (info)

Ribes cereum    [Wax Currant]  Native List   Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (leafy branch)  (leaves)  (flowers and leaves)
     (developing fruit)  (stems, bark)  (info)

Ribes × gordonianum [Gordon's Currant] Common Name List
(flowering plant habit, flowers and leaves) (info)

Ribes malvaceum [Chaparral Currant] Common Name List
(flowering plant habit, flowers and leaves) (info)

Ribes nevadense [Mountain Pink Currant, Sierra Currant] Native List Common Name List
(plant habit, leaves, fruit) (plant habit and buds, early spring) (info)

Ribes odoratum (syn. R. aureum var. villosum)  [Golden Currant, Missouri Currant]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering in hedgerow)  (plant habit, flowering in landscape)  (flowers)
      (leaves)  (plant habit, after flowering)  (developing fruit)  (winter twigs and buds)  (info)

Ribes sanguineum    [Flowering Currant]  Native List  Common Name List
      (plant habit, start of flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering hedge)  (flowering branches)
      (red, white and pink flower clusters)  (leaves and flowers)  (leaf, spring)  (flower to fruit)  (developing and ripe fruit)
      (leaf, summer)  (plant habit and leaf, fall)  (buds, winter)  (info)

Three cultivars of Ribes sanguineum:

‘Elk River Red’ [Elk River Red Flowering Currant] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flower clusters) (info)
‘Pokey's Pink’ Pokey's Pink Flowering Currant] Common Name List
(flower clusters) (info)
‘White Icicle’ [White Icicle Flowering Currant] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flower clusters) (info)

Robinia	Fabaceae, Leguminosae
	ro-BIN-e-a

About 20 species of deciduous shrubs and trees, branches often somewhat angular. Leaves alternate, compound (odd-pinnate), leafets opposite, entire; stipules often present in the form of stout thorns. Flowers white to purple-pink, in dense pendulous clusters (racemes). Fruit a pod, linear, flat. Native to North America and Mexico.
Robinia: after Jean Robin, hebalist to Henry IV of France.

Robinia pseudoacacia    [Black Locust]  Native List  Common Name List
      (plant habit, mature tree)  (leaves)  (leaf, comparison with Gleditsia triacanthos var. inermis)
      (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers and leaves)  (leaves and flowers)
      (leaves and fruit)  (bark, trunk)  (info)

Three cultivars of Robinia pseudoacacia:

‘Frisia’ [Frisia Locust] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leafy shoots) (leaves) (leaf, comparison) (flower cluster and leaves) (info)
Purple Robe™ [Purple Robe Locust] see below
Twisty Baby™ (syn. ‘Lady Lace’) [Twisty Baby Locust] Common Name List
(plant habit, summer) (branch, leaves) (plant habit and branches, winter) (info)
‘Umbraculifera’ [Mushroom or Globe Locust] Common Name List
(plant habit) (info)

Robinia Purple Robe™ [Purple Robe Locust] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flower clusters and leaves) (flowers and leaflets) (info)

Rosa	Rosaceae
Rose	RO-za

Some 100-150 species of deciduous, sometime evergreen, shrubs; upright, arching, or climbing, stems usually with prickles ("thorns") or bristles. Leaves alternate, compound (odd pinnate), occasionally simple, with persistent stipules, leaflets toothed. Flowers solitary or in clusters at the end of lateral shoots, usually 5 sepals and 5 petals, numerous stamens and pistils. The pistils are usually enclosed by a urn-shaped receptacle which develops into a orange or red berry-like fruit (hip) when ripe; it contains many achenes. Native to temperate and subtropical regions in the Northern Hemisphere; in Europe, North America to northern Mexico, Africa to Ethiopia, in Asia to the Himalayas and the Philippines.
Rosa: Latin name for these plants.

The New Royal Horticultural Society Dictionary of Gardening (Huxley, 1992) points out that "problems of classification and naming are rife in this genus" and that "a new revision is urgently needed", the last complete account of Rosa was by Lindley (Rosarum Monographia) in 1820.

Rosa eglanteria    [Sweetbriar Rose]  Native List  Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (single plant, flowering)  (pink flower and leaf)  (white flowers)
      (leaf)  (stems and prickles ("thorns"))  (fruit and leaves)  (info)

Rosa gymnocarpa [Little Wood Rose] Native List Common Name List
(info)

Rosa multiflora [Multiflora Rose] Native List Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flower clusters and leaves) (flower cluster) (leaf) (info)

Rosa nutkana    [Nootka Rose]  Native List  Common Name List
      (plant habit, late spring)  (leaf)  (leaf base (stipules) and stem (prickle))
      (flower buds and flower)  (info)

Rosa rugosa      [Rugosa Rose, Beach Tomato]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flower and leaves)  (leaf)  (leaves and fruit (hip))
      (fruit (hips))  (info)

Rosa woodsii    [Woods' Rose]  Native List  Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers and leaves)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (stem with thorns (prickles))
      (plant habit, fruiting)  (fruit and leaves)  (fruit)  (info)

Rosmarinus	Lamiaceae, Labiatae
Rosemary	ros-ma-RI-nus

Two species of low growing evergreen shrubs. Leaves opposite, simple, linear, margin entire, often aromatic. Flowers in short axillary clusters (racemes), densely arranged, bluish to white. Fruit composed of 4 ovate nutlets. Native to the Mediterranean region, southern Europe and north Africa.
Rosmarinus: Latin, ros, dew and marinus, of the sea; a reference to their marine habitat.

Rosmarinus officinalis      [Rosemary]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, spring and summer)  (erect plant habit, flowering)  (trailing plant habit, flowering)
      (leaves)  (flowers and leaves)  (flower and leaves)  (info)

Rubus	Rosaceae
	RUB-us

Some 250 erect, trailing or prostrate shrubs, shoots dying down in winter Leaves alternate, simple or compound, stipules present. Flowers white or pink, calyx and corolla 5-parted, numerous stamens. Fruit is a single-seeded dupe, usually grouped in an aggregate fruit form. Native mostly to the Northern Hemisphere, but also found in Africa, Australia, New Zealand and Pacific Islands.
Rubus: the Latin name for the plant.

Rubus calycinoides (syn. R. pentalobus) [Crinkle-leaf Creeper] Common Name List
(plant habit) (elongating shoots) (flowers and leaves) (plant habit, fruiting) (fruit and leaves) (info)

Rubus discolor  (syn. R. procerus, R. armeniacus)  [Himalayan Blackbrerry]  Native List  Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (leaves and flowers)  (new cane (shoot, primocane))  (leaf)
      (flowers)  (developing fruit)  (ripening fruit)  (fruit and leaf)  (stem (cane) segment)
      (leaves, fall)  (info)

Rubus laciniatus     [Evergreen Blackbrerry]  Native List   Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower cluster)  (flower)
      (plant habit, fruiting)  (leaves and immature fruit)  (leaf and immature fruit)
      (stems (canes), thorns)  (info)

Rubus leucodermis     [Blackcap, Western Raspberry]  Native List  Common Name List
      (developing fruit (June))  (plant habit, primo- and floricanes)  (primocane leaf)  (plant habit,fruiting)
      (floricane leaves)  (floricane shoot tips, fruiting)  (leaf and fruit)  (leaves and ripe fruit)  (info)

Rubus lineatus
(plant habit) (leafy shoots) (leaves) (info)

Rubus odoratus [Flowering Raspberry, Purple-flowering Raspberry] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaf) (flowers and developing fruit) (info)

Rubus parviflorus     [Thimblebrerry]  Native List   Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (leaves)  (leaf and margin)  (flowers)  (plant habit, fruiting)
      (fruit)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaf, fall)  (info)

Rubus spectabilis [Salmonbrerry] Native List Common Name List
(plant habit, spring) (flower and leaf) (flower) (expanding leaves and deveoping fruit) (leaf) (info)

Rubus ursinus     [Western or Trailing Blackbrerry]  Native List   Common Name List
      (plant habit, stems (canes))  (leaf)  (stems and leaves)  (stems)  (flowers)
      (plant habit, fruiting)  (plant habit, fruiting)  (leaves and developing fruit)
      (leaf and fruit)  (leaves and fruit)  (info)

Salix	Salicaceae
Willow	SA-liks

About 200 species of prostrate shrubs to large trees, most are deciduous and dioecious (staminate (male) and pistillate (female) flowers borne on different plants). Leaves are often lanceolate and alternate, rarely nearly opposite, margin toothed, short petioles, and stipules often present. Flowers usually appearing with or before the leaves, small, in dense catkins. Found over all the world, except Australia, especially in temperate climates.
Salix: classic Latin name for willow, also from the Celtic sel, near, and lis, water.

Salix caprea ‘Kilmarnock’      [Kilmarnock Willow]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, late winter and spring)  (pendant branches and catkins)
      (plant habit, summer)  (info)

Salix ‘Golden Curls’ [Golden Curls Corkscrew Willow] Common Name List
(plant habit, winter) (branches, spring) (branches and leaves, summer) (trunk, bark) (info)

Salix integra ‘Hakuro Nishiki’      [Dapple Willow]       Common Name List
      (plant habit, spring)  (foliage, spring)  (new leaves)  (plant habit, summer)
      (shoots)  (leaves, summer)  (plant habit, fall)  (leafy shoot, fall)  (leaves, fall)
      (leaf surface and margin)  (plant habit, winter)  (info)

Salix matsudana ‘Tortuosa’      [Corkscrew Willow, Contorted Willow]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, branch and leaves, spring)  (plant habit, summer)  (leafy shoot)  (leaves)
      (branches, winter)  (info)

Salix pentandra [Laurel Willow] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (info)

Salix purpurea [Purpleosier Willow, Alaska Blue Willow] Common Name List
(plant habit) (plant habit, pruned) (leaves and stems) (winter twig and buds) (info)

A dwarf selection of Salix purpurea:
‘Nana’ [Dwarf Purpleosier Willow]
(plant habit) (leafy shoot) (info)

Salvia officinalis [Garden or Common Sage] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flower clusters and leaves) (flowers) (leaves) (info)

Sambucus	Caprifoliaceae (Honeysuckle Family)
Elderberry, Elder	sam-BEW-kus

About 25 species of perennial herbs or deciduous shrubs or small trees; branches are often thick, with solid pith, and covered with lenticels. Leaves are opposite, compound (pinnate), and leaflets serrate. Flowers are white, small, numerous, 5-parted, 5 stamens, 3 styles, in broad clusters. Fruit is a berry-like drupe, 3-5 seeded. Native to the Northern Hemisphere, east and northwest Africa, South America, eastern Australia, and Tasmania.
Sambucus: a Latin word, possibly from sambuca, a kind of a harp made from Elderberry wood (S. nigra).

Sambucus caerulea  (syn. S. mexicana, S. cerulea) [Blue Elderberry]  Native List  Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower cluster)  (leaves)  (leaves)  (leaves)
      (leaflets)  (leaflets, comparison)  (plant habit, ripening fruit)  (ripening fruit)  (plant habit, ripe fruit)
      (leaves and fruit clusters)  (fruit cluster)  (fruit cluster, comparison)  (stems)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Sambucus canadensis   [American Elderberry or Elder]        Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flower cluster and flowers)  (flower cluster and young fruit cluster)
      (branch with young fruit cluster)  (leaf)  (leaves)  (leaflets, upper surface and margin)
      (leaflets, comparison)  (plant habit, fruiting)  (fruit clusters and leaves)  (ripening fruit)
      (fruit cluster, ripe)  (fruit cluster, comparison)  (branches)  (info)

Sambucus nigra [Common, European or Black Elderberry or Elder] Common Name List
(flowering in habitat) (plant habit, flowering) (flower clusters) (leaf) (leaf, underside) (info)

Some selections of Sambucus nigra:

Black Beauty™    (syn. ‘Gerda’)
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)  (flower clusters and flowers)
      (young leaf)  (mature leaves)  (info)
Black Lace™ (syn. ‘Eva’)
(plant habit, flowering) (flower clusters) (flower cluster) (leaf) (info)
‘Laciniata’
(leaves) (plant habit, fruiting) (fruit clusters and leaves) (info)
‘Purpurea’ (syn. ‘Guincho Purple’ ?)
(leaf) (flower cluster and leaves) (info)

Sambucus racemosa    [Red Elderberry]  Native List  Common Name List
      (plant habit, spring flowering)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (flower clusters and flowers)
      (developing fruit clusters)  (plant habit, fruiting)  (fruit and leaf)  (fruit cluster and fruit)
      (leaf)  (leaflets, comparison)  (stem)  (info)

Santolina	Asteraceae, Compositae
	san-to-LEEN-a

A genus of about 18 species of aromatic, small evergreen shrubs or shublets. Leaves small, alternate, margins entire to finely dentate. Flower clusters on a long stalk. Native to the Mediterranean.
Santolina: from sanctum linum, holy flax, the old name for S. virens.

Santolina chamaecyparissus      [Lavender Cotton]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, spring (before flowering))  (plant habit, spring, older plant)  (branches)
      (plant habit, flowering, summer)  (flowers)  (info)

Santolina virens [Green Lavender Cotton, Green Santolina] Common Name List
(plant habit, spring) (branchlets, spring) (plant habit, flowering, summer) (info)

Sapindus	Sapindaceae
Soapberry	sa-PIN-dus

Some 13 species of deciduous or evergreen trees and shrubs. Leaves simple or pinnately compound (14-30 leaflets), margins entire, occasionally serrate. Flowers in terminal or axillary clusters, small, white, tinged with yellow, 4-5 petals, 8-10 stamens. Fruit more or less spherical, flesly, leathery drupe. Native to the tropics and subtropics of the Old and New Worlds.
Sapindus: from Latin sapo, soap, and indicus, Indians; a soap was made from fruit (aril) of S. saponaria by North American natives.

Sapindus drummondii      [Western Soapberry]     Common Name List
      (leaves, expanding)  (plant habit)  (canopy)  (leaf)  (leaves)  (leaflets)  (leaves and immature flower clusters)
      (immature flower cluster)  (leaves and flower cluster)  (flower cluster, flowers and bees)  (immature fruit)
      (limbs, trunk, bark)  (plant habit and leaves, fall)  (ripe fruit)  (winter, plant habit and fruit)
      (winter twigs and buds)  (info)

Sarcococca	Buxaceace
Sweet Box	sar-ko-KOK-a

Some 11 species of evergreen shrubs, often low, or small trees. Leaves leathery, alternate, occasionally subopposite, near ends of shoots, glabrous, entire, with short petioles. Flowers very small, whitish, without petals, in compact axillary clusters, male flowers (4 free stamens) at the apex and female flowers (2-3 styles) at the base. Fruit ovoid or globose berry, red, purple to black. Native to southeast Asia, Himalaya, western China.
Sarcococca: from sarco, flesh, and kokkos: a berry (i.e., fleshy fruit).

Sarcococca confusa      [Fragrant Sarcococca]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (leafy shoot and twig)  (shoots, comparison)  (leaves and flowers)
      (flowering shoot)  (flowers)  (flowers, comparison)  (flowers and fruit)  (info)

Sarcococca hookeriana       [Himalayan Sarcococca]     Common Name List
      (info)

   The "common representative" of this species:

Sarcococca hookeriana var. humilis      [Himalayan Sarcococca]     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (leaves)  (leafy shoots)  (shoots, comparison)  (leaves and flower)
      (flowers)  (flowers, comparison)  (info)

Sassafras	Lauraceae
	SAS-ah-fras

Three species of deciduous, aromatic trees, branches intially smooth and green. Leaves alternate, entire or with 1-3 lobes, one-lobed leaves appear mitten-shaped. Flowers unisexual or bisexual, several in a cluster before leaves appear, calyx 6-lobed, corolla absent, male flower has 9 stamen, femlae flower has one style and 6 stamenodes (sterile stamens). Fruit an ovate drupe on a fleshy stalk. Native to eastern North America and eastern Asia.
Sassafras: possibly an adaptation of a Native American name or from the Spanish salsafras.

Sassafras albidum      [Common Sassafras]     Common Name List
      (bud break, spring)  (flowers, spring)  (plant habit)  (foliage)  (leaves)
      (leaves)  (plant habit and leaves, fall)  (foliage, fall)  (leaves, fall)
      (winter twigs and buds)  (info)

Sciadopitys	Sciadopityaceae, or Pinaceae, or Taxodiaceae
Umbrella Pine	si-a-DOP-i-tis

A single species (see below).
Sciadopitys: from the Greek skias or skiados, an umbrella or parasal, and pitys, a fir or pine.

Sciadopitys verticillata      [Umbrella Pine]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (branches)  (leaves (needles))  (needles)  (cone and leaves)
      (mature cone and leaves)  (info)

Senecio greyi see Brachyglottis greyi

Sequoia	Taxodiaceae, Cupressaceae
Coastal Redwood, Coast Redwood, California Redwood	se-KWOY-a

A single species (see below).
Sequoia: after Sequoiah (1770-1843) (or Sequoyah), son of a British merchant and a Cherokee woman, developed a series of syllable characters allowing the Cherokee language to be written.

Sequoia sempervirens    [Coastal Redwood]  Native List  Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (branchlets and male cones)  (branches, cones)  (needles and cone)
      (needles, underside)  (cones)  (needles, comparison)  (trunk, bark)  (trunk, very old tree)
      (info)

Two selection of Sequoia sempervirens:

‘Adpressa’ [Adpressa Coastal Redwood] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branch, leaves) (leaves (needles)) (info)
‘Albospica’ [Albospica Coastal Redwood] Common Name List
(in a landscape) (plant habit) (branchlets, leaves) (info)

Are ‘Adpressa’ and ‘Albospica’ actually the same or different plants? A few comments from authorities:

‘Adpressa’ Dwarf form, broadly conical, with numerous branches, densely twiggy, buds and shoot tips white, needles very densely arranged, oblong-oval, 6-8 mm long, abruptly truncated. (= S. sempervirens adpressa Carr.; S. sempervirens albospica Veitch). Developed before 1867 by André Leroy in Angers, France. (G. Krüssmann, Manual of Cultivated Conifers, Timber Press, 1985, p. 275).

‘Adpressa’ (‘Albospica’) The tips of young shoots are creamy-coloured, and the short leaves regularly disposed in one plane. It is often grown as a dwarf shrub but unless frequently cut back will eventually make a large tree. (The Hillier Manual of Trees & Shrubs, Pocket Ed., 1998, p. 861).

There are over 25 named varieties of Coast Redwood. One of the best known is ‘Adpressa’ a French plant described in 1867 but now thought to be a variant of ‘Albospica’ which only dates back to 1903 and was raised in Italy. It produces numerous young creamy-white leafy shoot tips in spring. Although sometimes described as a ‘dwarf’ it would certainly out grow a small garden. (The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Trees, 2nd Ed., D. Moore and J. White, Timber Press, 2003, p. 91).

‘Adpressa’ = ‘Albo-spica’ ….Very rare in North America; in large scale production since ≤ by Mitsch nursery of Aurora, OR. Trees dense, pyramidal, wispy-looking. Shoots much narrower and slenderer; young tips creamy-white. Needles much smaller than typical, bluer, and uniformly directed forward…. Growth slow. Often kept as shrub by pruning. Record 92 ft × 10.5 ft, Gloucestershire, England (1984). (North American Landscape Trees, A. L. Jacobson, Ten Speed Press, 1996, p.591).

Sequoiadendron	Taxodiaceae, Cupressaceae
Sierra Redwood, Giant Sequoia, Big Tree	se-KWOY-a-DEN-dron

A single species (see below).
Sequoia: after Sequoiah (1770-1843) and the Greek dendron, tree.

Sequoiadendron giganteum      [Sierra Redwood]     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (branchlets)  (needles)  (branchlets and male cones)
      (immature cones)  (needles, comparison)  (trunk)  (trunks in landscape)  (info)

Two cultivars of Sequoiadendron giganteum:

‘Albospica’ [Albospica Sierra Redwood] Common Name List
(plant habit and branchlet) (info)
‘Pendulum’ [Weeping Sierra Redwood] Common Name List
(plant habit) (info)

Shepherdia	Elaeagnaceae
Buffaloberry	shef-HAIR-dee-a

Three species, all found in North America. Deciduous or evergreen shrubs or small trees, branches often thorny, covered with small, scruffy scales (lepidote). Leaves opposite, simple, oblong-ovate to oblong-lanceolate, margain entire, silvery, lepidote, with a petiole. Dioecious (male and female plants), small flowers appearing before leaves, fruits berry-like.
Shepherdia: after John Shepherd, British botanist.

Shepherdia argentea    [Silver Buffaloberry]  Native List  Common Name List
      (plant habit, fruiting)  (leaves and fruit)  (leafy shoot)  (leafy shoot, underside)
      (branch, leaves and buds)  (twig and buds, winter)  (info)

Shepherdia canadensis [Russet Buffaloberry, Soapberry] Native List Common Name List
(leaves) (info)

Simmonsia	Simmondsiaceae
Jojoba, Goatnut	sim-MONDS-ee-uh

Single species in this genus, see below.
Simmondsia: after Thomas William Simmonds (1767-1804), an English botanist who died exploring Trinidad.

Simmondsia chinensis      [Jojoba, Goatnut]     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (branches)  (male plant habit, flowering and flower clusters)
      (leaves and developing female flowers)  (female flowers and leaves)  (info)

× Sinocalycalycanthus raulstonii ‘Hartlage Wine’ see Calycanthus raulstonii ‘Hartlage Wine’

Skimmia	Rutaceae
	SKIM-ee-a

Four species of evergreen shrubs and trees, generally shade tolerant, slow growing and aromatic; unisexual or bisexual. Leaves are simple, alternate, from obovate to elliptic, glossy green, mostly in terminal clusters. Flowers are white or cream colored, star-shaped, in conical clusters. Fruit are fleshy, red or black (sometimes white), and spherical; in unisexual species both male and female plants are needed to obtain fruit. Native from the Himalayas to southeast Asia, China and Japan.
Skimmia: from the Japanese name, shikimi

Skimmia japonica       [Japanese Skimmia]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, sping flowering male plant)  (leaves and male flowers)  (leaves)
      (flowering male and female plants)  (male and female flowers)  (flowers, close-up)
      (plant habit, summer)  (leafy shoots)  (leaves and immature fruit)  (plant habit, fruiting)
      (leaves and fruit)  (info)

Smilacina racemosa       [False Solomon's Seal]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, in woods)  (plant habit, in a landscape)  (leaves)
      (flowering plants and flower cluster)  (info)

Sophora	Fabaceae
	so-FO-ra

About 50 species of deciduous and evergreen shrubs, trees and perennials. Leaves are alternate, compound (pinnate). Flowers are pea-like, mostly white, cream, gray-blue, or lilac, in short clusters (racemes). Fruit are pods, often constricted between the seeds. Widely distributed in temperate and tropical regions, especially southeast Asia, New Zealand, and Chile.
Sophora: from the Arabic, sophera, a tree with pea-shaped flowers.

Sophora japonica   (syn. Styphnolobium japonicum)   [Japanese Pagodatree, Scholar-tree]  Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flower cluster)  (flowers)  (leaf)  (leaves and fruit)  (leaves and fruit)
      (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (plant habit, winter)  (fruit, winter)  (trunk, bark)  (winter twigs and buds)
      (info)

A weeping selection of Sophora japonica  (Styphnolobium japonicum):
‘Pendula’  [Weeping Scholar-tree, Dragon-claw Tree]
          (plant habit, winter)  (detail of pruning, winter)  (habit of old tree, winter)  (info)

Sophora secundiflora [Mescal Bean, Texas Mountain Laural, Frijolito] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (leaf) (flower clusters) (plant habit, fruiting) (fruit and seeds) (info)

A silvery selection of Sophora secundiflora:
‘Silver Peso’ [Silver Peso Mescal Bean]
(plant habit) (leaf and flowers) (info)

Sorbus	Rosaceae
Mountain Ash	SOR-bus

About 100 species of deciduous trees or shrubs, buds rather large and with overlapping scales. Leaves alternate, simple or pinnately (odd) compound, with stipules. Flowers usually bisexual and white, in compound clusters (corymb), 5 sepals, 5 petals, and 15-20 stamens. Fruit a small pome (apple-like). Native to the Northern Hemisphere.
Sorbus: from the Latin sorbum, the name Pliny used for the fruit of Sorbus domestica.

Sorbus alnifolia      [Korean Mountain Ash]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, summer and fall)  (leaves)  (leaves and developing fruit)
      (plant habit, fall)  (mature fruit and leaves)  (leaves and fruit, late fall)  (info)

Sorbus aria      [Whitebeam Mountain Ash]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, summer)  (leaves)  (leaves and immature fruit)
      (leaves and ripening fruit)  (fruit and leaf)  (fruit and leaves, fall)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Sorbus aucuparia      [European Mountain Ash]      Common Name List
      (flower cluster)  (plant habit, summer)  (plant habit, summer)  (leaves and fruit)
      (leaf)  (leaf, underside)  (bud, summer)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaf, fall)
      (trunk, bark)  (info)

A popular selection of Sorbus aucuparia:
Cardinal Royal™ (‘Michred’) [Cardinal Royal Mountain Ash]
(plant habit, summer) (leaves and fruit culsters) (fruit cluster and leaves) (info)

Sorbus scopulina [Greene Mountain Ash, Western Mountain Ash] Native List Common Name List
(flower cluster and leaves, May) (info)

Sorbus sitchensis    [Sitka Mountain Ash, Pacific Mountain Ash]  Native List  Common Name List
      (leaves)  (leaves and fruit clustser)  (developing fruit clusters)  (twig, bud and leaflets)
      (fruit and leaves, late summer)  (plant habit, fall)  (fruit and leaves, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (info)

Spiraea	Rosaceae
Spirea (note difference in spelling, i.e. Spirea vs. Spiraea)	spi-RE-a

Some 80 or more deciduous shrubs. Leaves alternate, simple, serrate, dentate, or lobed, usually with short petioles. Flowers white, pink, or reddish, in clusters, usually bisexual, 5 sepals, 4-5 petals, numerous stamens. Fruit usually has 2-10 oblong seeds. Native to Asia, Europe, North America, and Mexico.
Spiraea: from the Greek speiraia, a plant used for garlands.

Spiraea × arguta      [Garland Spirea]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, spring flowering)  (flowering branches)  (flowering branches, comparison)
      (flowers)  (branches after flowering)  (plant habit, summer)  (info)

Spiraea betulifolia    [Birch-leaf Spirea, Shiny-leaf Spirea]  Native List  Common Name List
      (info)

   A common selection of Spiraea betulifolia:

‘Tor’ [Tor Birch-leaf Spirea] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flower clusters and leaves) (leaves) (info)

Spiraea × bumalda see Spiraea japonica ‘Bumalda’

Spiraea douglasii    [Douglas Spirea, Western Spirea]  Native List  Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (leaves, expanding and mature)  (flower cluster)
      (flowers and leaf)  (shoots, fall)  (plant habit, fruit cluster, winter)  (info)

Spiraea japonica [Japanese Spirea] Common Name List
(info)

Some common selections of Spiraea japonica:

S. j. var. alpina      [Daphne Spirea]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering in border)  (plant habit, flowering)
      (leaves and flower clusters)  (info)

‘Anthony Waterer’  [Anthony Waterer Spirea]   Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, hedged)  (young leaves)
      (leaves and flowers)  (flowers and leaves)  (info)

‘Bumalda’ [Bumald Spirea] Common Name List
(info)
‘Goldflame’  [Goldflame Spirea]  Common Name List
      (plant habit, early spring)  (plant habit, spring)  (leaves, spring)
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (plant habit, fall)  (info)

‘Goldmound’ [Goldmound Spirea] CommonName List
(plant habit, spring) (info)
‘Lemon Princes’ [Lemon Princes Spirea] CommonName List
(plant habit, spring) (info)
Limemound^® [Limemound Spirea] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (leaves and flowers) (leaves, comparison) (info)

‘Little Princes’     [Little Princes Spirea]   Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flowering shoots)  (flower clusters)
      (leaf)  (plant habit, summer)  (info)

Magic Carpet^®     [Magic Carpet Spirea]   Common Name List
      (plant habit, spring)  (plant habit, spring)  (young leaves)  (plant habit, flowering)
      (leaves and flower clusters)  (info)

Spiraea nipponica ‘Snowmound’       [Snowmound Nippon Spirea]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, floweing)  (plant habit, before and at floweing)  (flowering shoots)
      (flower clusters and leaves)  (leaves and flowers)  (leafy shoots)  (leaves, comparison)  (info)

Spiraea prunifolia ‘Plena’       [Bridalwreath Spirea]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, spring)  (flowers)  (plant habit, summer)  (shoots)  (leaves)
      (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (info)

Spiraea thunbergii      [Thunberg Spirea]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, spring flowering)  (spring flowering)  (flowering branches)
      (flowering branches, comparison)  (leaves and flowers)  (plant habit, summer)  (info)

A yellow-leafed selection, Mellow Yellow™  (syn. ‘Ogon’)
      (plant habit, early spring flowering)  (flowers)  (plant habit, after flowering)
      (shoots, spring)  (shoots, late summer)  (info)
A plinkish-flowered selection, ‘Fujino Pink’
(flowers) (info)

Spiraea × vanhouttei      [Van Houtte Spirea, Bridalwreath Spirea]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, start of flowering)  (plant habit, full bloom)  (flowering branches)  (flowers clusters)
      (flowers and leaves)  (leaves)  (leafy shoots)  (leaves, comparison)  (plant habit and leaves, fall)
      (info)

A variegated cultivar of Spiraea × vanhouttei:
‘Pink Ice’ [Pink Ice Sprirea]
(leafy shoots) (leaves) (info)

Stachyurus	Stachyuraceae
	sta-kee-U-rus

Some 10 species of deciduous shrubs or small trees. Leaves simple, alternate, thin, and serrate. Flowers in terminal and axillary clusters (racemes or spikes), each flower small, bisexual, but sometimes unisexual in cultivation, petals not united, 8 stamens. Fruit is a globose, many seeded berry. Native to east Asia and Himalayas.
Stachyurus: stachys (spike), oura (tail), alluding to the long flower clusters (racemes).

Stachyurus praecox       [Early Spiketail]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flowering branches)  (flower clusters)
      (plant habit, summer)  (leafy shoots)  (leaves)  (fruit)  (info)

Stewartia	Theaceae (Camellia Family)
	stu-AR-ti-a

About 9 species of tall deciduous shrubs or small trees with exfoliating bark. Leaves alternate, simple, toothed, with short petioles. Flowers usually solitary, terminal or axillary, large, petals (5-8) white or cream, usually fused at the base, numerous stamens. Fruit is a woody capsule, splitting into 5 valves. Native to eastern North America and eastern Asia.
Stewartia: after John Stuart, 1713-92, 3rd Earl of the Isle of Bute, a patron of botany. Some have suggested that the spelling should by changed to Stuartia and, indeed, it is occasionally listed as such. However, Krüssmann (1976) did not support the change and retained the former spelling because "it has yet to be proven whether or not this was the spelling intended by Linnaeus." (One hopes that common sense will prevent the change.)

Stewartia koreana      [Korean Stewartia]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, small tree)  (leaves, flower bud)  (opening flower bud and flower)
      (flowers and leaves)  (stem, leaves, stipules)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Stewartia monadelpha      [Tall Stewartia]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, summer)  (leaves and flowers)  (leaves and flower)  (leaves and flowers, comparison)
      (leaves and fruit)  (leaves and fruit, comparison)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (trunk, bark)
      (twigs and buds, winter)  (info)

Stewartia pseudocamellia      [Japanese Stewartia]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, summer and fall)  (leaves and flower buds, May)  (flower development)
      (flowers and leaves, June)  (leaves and flowers)  (flower center)  (leaves and margin)
      (leaves and flowers, comparison)  (leaves and fruit)  (leaves and fruit, comparison)
      (leafy branches, fall)  (plant habit and leaves, fall)  (fall leaves, with Viburnum davidii)
      (leaves and fruit, fall)  (trunk, bark)  (buds, winter)  (info)

Stewartia rostrata      [Rostrata Stewartia]     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (leafy shoot)  (leaves, flower buds, and fruit)  (plant habit, fruiting)
      (fruiting branch)  (fruit)  (info)

Stuartia see Stewartia above.

Styphnolobium japonicum see Sophora japonica.

Styrax	Styracaceae
Snowbell, Storax	STI-raks

About 100 species of evergreen or deciduous shrubs and small trees, branches initially have stellate (hairs in star-like tufts) pubescence. Leaves alternate, more or less pubescent, short petioles. Flowers white, solitary or in clusters, corolla deeply 5-lobed, 10 stamens, rarely to 16. Fruit a dry or fleshy drupe, 1-2 seeded. Native to North and South America, Asia, and Europe.
Styrax: Greek name for the plant.

Styrax japonicus      [Japanese Snowbell]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, spring and summer)  (plant habit, shrub form)  (plant habit, shrub/tree)  (shrub/tree, sheared)
      (leafy shoot)  (flower buds and leaves)  (flowering branches)  (flowers and leaves)  (leaves)  (fruit, summer)
      (plant habit, fall)  (fruit, fall)  (trunk, bark)  (twig, winter)  (winter twigs and buds)  (info)

A pink flowered cultivar of Styrax japonicus:
   ‘Pink Chimes’   [Pink Chimes Snowbell]
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flowering branch)  (flowers)  (flowering branch, comparison)
      (flowers, comparison)  (info)

Styrax obassia      [Fragrant Snowbell]       Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (branches, flowering)  (leaf and flowers)  (leaves)  (flower cluster)
      (fruit cluster and fruit)  (trunk and bark)  (winter twigs and buds, comparison)  (info)

Symphoricarpos	Caprifoliaceae (Honeysuckle Family)
Snowberry, Coralberry	sim-fo-ri-KAR-pos

About 17 species of low, deciduous shrubs, usually freely branching and suckering. Leaves opposite, simple, usually entire, sometimes with teeth or lobed, short petioles. Flowers small and inconspicuous, perfect, pink or white, 4-5 lobed. Fruit a white, red, or black berry with 2 seeds. Native to North and Central America and China.
Symphoricarpos: from the Greek symphorein, bear together, and karpos, fruit. Apparently a reference to the close grouping of the berries that they appears to be a compound fruit.

Symphoricarpos albus    [Common Snowberry]  Native List  Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (plant habit, larger)  (leaves, variation)  (leaves and flowers)  (developing fruit)  (leaves and fruit)
      (leaves and fruit)  (leaves and fruit, fall)  (plant habit and fruit, fall)  (info)

A variegated cultivar of Symphoricarpos albus:
‘Variegatus’ [Variegated Snowberry]
(plant habit) (branches) (info)

Symphoricarpos × doorenbosii [Doorenbos Snowberry or Coralberry] Common Name List
(info)

A cultivar of Symphoricarpos × doorenbosii:
‘Magic Berry’ [Magic Berry Snowberry]
(fruiting branches, fall) (fruit and leaves, fall) (info)

Symphoricarpos mollis [Creeping or Spreading Snowberry] Native List Common Name List
(info)

Symphoricarpos orbiculatus   [Indiancurrant Coralberry, Coralberry]    Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (leafy shoot)  (leaves)  (plant habit, fall)  (leafy shoot with fruit, fall)
      (fruit, fall)  (info)

Symplocos	Symplocaceae
Sweetleaf	sim-PLO-kos

About 250 species, mainly tropical or subtropical, of deciduous or evergreen trees or shrubs, usually glabrous, occasionally pubescent. Leaves alternate, simple, margins entire or toothed. Flowers usually bi-sexual, mostly in axillary spikes or racemes, calyx tube short at flowering, enlarging when in fruit, stamens mumerous, ovaries with 2-5 locules. Fruits a berry or drupe, usually with only 1 seed. Native to North and South America, Australia and east Asia.
Symplocos: from Greek, symploke,, a connection, apparently a reference to the united stamens of the flowers.

Symplocos paniculata      [Sapphire Berry]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, fruiting)  (leaves and fruit)  (fruit)  (leaf)  (leaf, underside)  (leaf margin and stem)
      (fruit, winter)  (twigs and buds, winter)  (info)

Syringa	Oleaceae
Lilac	si-RING-ga

About 20 species of deciduous shrubs or small trees, rarely evergreen. Leaves opposite, simple, or lobed to compound (pinnate). Flowers are small, 4-lobed corolla with two stamens, in showy terminal or lateral clusters (panicle, thyrses), from white to red to purple, fragrant. Fruit is a tough, 2-valved capsule. Native to eastern Asia and southeastern Europe.
Syringa: from the Greek syrix, a reed or pipe, a reference to the hollow stems.

Syringa × chinensis [Chinese Lilac] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (leaves and flowers) (leaves and unopened flowers) (info)

A section of Syringa × chinensis:

‘Lilac Sunday’ [Lilac Sunday Lilac] Common Name List
(flower cluster) (info)

Syringa × hyacinthiflora [Early Flowering Lilac, Early Hybrid Lilac] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flower clusters) (info)

Two sections categorized as a Syringa × hyacinthiflora:

‘Maiden's Blush’ [Maiden's Blush Lilac] Common Name List
(flower clusters) (info)
‘Mount Baker’ [Mount Baker Lilac] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flower clusters) (info)

Syringa josikaea      [Hungarian Lilac]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flowering shoots)  (flower cluster)  (leaves)
      (leaves, underside)  (leaves, comparison)  (info)

Syringa laciniata      [Cutleaf Lilac]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (leaves and flower clusters)
      (flowers)  (leaves)  (info)

Syringa meyeri ‘Palibin’     [Palibin Meyer Lilac]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering hedge)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)  (leaves)
      (leaves, comparison)  (info)

Syringa microphylla 'Superba' [Superba Littleleaf Lilac] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flower cluster) (info)

Syringa patula 'Miss Kim'    [Miss Kim Korean or Manchurian Lilac]  Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower cluster)  (leaves and opening flowers)
      (info)

Syringa pekinensis     [Peking, Pekin, or Chinese Tree Lilac]  Common Name List
      (opening flower cluster)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (leaves)
      (plant habit, leaves and young fruit)  (plant habit, winter)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Syringa × persica [ Persian Lilac] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flower cluster) (leaves) (info)

Syringa × prestoniae [Preston Lilac, Canadian Lilac] Common Name List
(info)

A selection sometimes categorized as a Preston Lilac:

‘James Macfarlane’ [James Macfarlane Lilac] Common Name List
(flower clusters before opening) (shoot, leaves) (info)

Syringa reticulata      [Japanese Tree Lilac]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)  (flower cluster and leaves)
      (plant habit, after flowering)  (leaves)  (developing fruit)
      (plant habit and leaf, fall)  (plant habit (shurb), fall)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Syringa vulgaris      [Common Lilac]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (leaves)  (leafy shoot)  (flowering branches)
      (flower clusters)  (flower cluster, white)  (fruit, fall)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (info)

Syringa vulgaris

‘Aucubaefolia’ [Aucubaefolia Lilac]
(plant habit) (leaves) (info)

Taiwania	Taxodiaceae
Formosan Cedar, Taiwan Redwood, Taiwania	tie-WHAN-ee-a

A single species that is related to Cryptomeria and Cunninghamia (see below).
Taiwania: after Taiwan.

Taiwania cryptomerioides [Formosan Cedar, Taiwan Redwood, Taiwania] Common Name List
(plant habit and branches) (branchlets) (info)

Tamarix	Tamaricaceae
Tamarisk, Salt Cedar	TAM-a-riks

Over 50 species of deciduous shrubs or small trees, branches green. Leaves alternate, small often scale- or needle-like, with salt-excreting glands. Flowers small, white, pink, to rose, sepals and petals 4-5 each, in simple or compound clusters. Native to western Europe and the Mediterranean to east Asia and India.
Tamarix: origin unclear, possibly an ancient Latin name or an African or Hebrew word.

Tamarix aphylla [Athel Tamarix] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branchlets) (trunk, bark) (info)

Tamarix parviflora      [Small-flowered Tamarix]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flower buds)  (flowers)  (flowers and leaves)
      (flower clusters and leaves, "portrait")  (branches, summer)  (leafy shoots)  (info)

Taxodium	Taxodiaceae, Cupressaceae
Baldcypress, Swampcypress	taks-O-di-um

A genus of 3 species, all of which are deciduous coniferous trees. Trunks are often buttressed, and in wet situations, surrounded by aerial, conical roots (pneumatophores). Bark light brown, furrowed and scaly. Branchlets are of two kinds, those near the end of shoots with axillary buds and are persistent, whereas those lower on the shoots without axillary buds are deciduous. Leaves (needles), radially arranged, flat, thin, with 2 stomatal lines below, those on deciduous branches are usually two ranked, those on persistent branchlets spread radially. Native to the southern U.S. and Mexico.
Taxodium: from Taxus and Greek eidos, resemblence, the genus somewhat resembles Taxus.

Taxodium ascendens      [Pondcypress]     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (leafy branches)  (leafy branch)  (branchlets)  (branchlet, leaves)
      (branchlets, comparison)  (developing cones)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Taxodium distichum      [Baldcypress]     Common Name List
      (plant habit and flowers, spring)  (plant habit, summer)  (plant habit, summer)  (plant habit, summer)
      (trees in city landscape)  (branches)  (branchlets)  (branchlets)  (brachlets, comparison)
      (plant habit, with cones)  (cones and brachlets)  (cones and brachlets)  (plant habit, fall)
      (branchlets, fall)  (cones at seed release, fall)  (branches, comparison)  (trunk, bark)
      (plant habit, winter)  ("cypress knees")  (info)

A selection of Taxodium distichum:

‘Peve Minaret’ [Peve Minaret Baldcypress] Common Name List
(plant habit and branch, summer) (info)

Taxus	Taxodiaceae, Cupressaceae
Yew	TAKS-us

Evergreen small trees or shrubs with spreading or ascending branches. Shade tolerant. Foliage is usually dark green and dense. Leaves are needle-like, flat, and lighter green on the underside. The fruit (aril) consists of a single seed (poisonous!) surrounded by a red, fleshy-cup.
Taxus: the Latin name for Yew.

Taxus baccata      [English Yew]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, shrub)  (plant habit, tree)  (branches)  (leaves (needles) and fruit)
      (branchlets, leaves)  (branchlets, comparison with Sequoia sempervirens)
      (fruit and seeds)  (info)

Three selections of Taxus baccata:

‘Fastigiata’      [Irish Yew]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, residential landscape)  (plant habit, formal landscape)
      (plant habit, hedge, Japanese garden)  (needles and fruit)  (info)

‘Repandens’       [Spreading Yew]     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (plant habit, with observer)  (plant habit, young)  (plant habit, older)
      (branch, needles, "portrait")  (fruit and needles, "portrait")  (info)

‘Standishii’ [Standish Yew] Common Name List
(plant habit and leaves) (info)

Taxus brevifolia    [Pacific or Western Yew]  Native List  Common Name List
      (plant habit, young and old)  (branch)  (branchlets, needles)  (needles and fruit)
      (trunk, bark)  (older trunk, bark)  (info)

Taxus canadensis [Canadian Yew] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves and fruit) (info)

Taxus cuspidata      [Japanese Yew]      Common Name List
      (branches, leaves)  (info)

   A few cultivars of Taxus cuspidata:

‘Capitata Aurea’ [Golden Japanese Yew] Common Name List
(branches, leaves) (info)
‘Cross Spreading’ [Cross Spreading Japanese Yew] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (info)
‘Dwarf Bright Gold’ [Dwarf Bright Gold Japanese Yew] Common Name List
(shoots) (leaves) (info)
Emerald Spreader^TM [Emerald Spreader Japanese Yew] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (info)

Taxus × media [Hybrid Yew] Common Name List
(plant habit) (plant habit, sheared) (needles, old and new growth) (needles and fruit) (info)

A few cultivars of Taxus × media:

‘Bean Pole’ [Bean Pole Hybrid Yew] Common Name List
(plant habit) (info)
‘Hicksii’ [Hicksii Hybrid Yew] Common Name List
(plant habit) (plant habit, sheared) (leaves and fruit) (info)
‘Tauntonii’ [Taunton's Hybrid Yew] Common Name List
(plant habit, fruiting) (fruiting branch) (info)

Ternstroemia	Theaceae
	tern-STRO-mi-a

About 85 species of evergreen trees and shrubs, but few apparently widely used in landscaping. Leaves alternate, leathery, entire or crenate-serrate. Flowers usually bisexual, 5 sepals, 5 petals, numerous stamens. Fruit dehiscent, large seeds. Native to Africa, Asia, and North, Central and South America.
Ternstroemia: after Christoper Ternstroem, a Swedish naturalist and traveller in China.

Ternstroemia gymnanthera   (syn. Ternstroemia japonica)  [Japanese Ternstroemia]   Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (shoot)  (leaves)  (plant habit, summer flowering)  (flowers)  (plant habit, winter)
      (fruit, winter)  (opening fruit, winter)  (leaves, winter)  (shoot, winter)  (info)

Tetradium	Rutaceae
	tet-ra-DE-um

Nine species of trees and shrubs, usually dioecious (male and female plants), evergreen or deciduous. Leaves opposite, compound (odd, pinnate), leaflets oil-dotted, margin often has small rounded teeth (crenulate). Flowers, in cluster, 4 or 5 sepels, petals, and stamens. Fruit 1-5 parted. Native to south and eastern Asia and western Malesia.
Tetradium: from the Greek, tetradion, quartermium, a reference to the flower and fruit parts which usually occur in fours.

Tetradium daniellii   (syn. Evodia daniellii, Euodia daniellii)  [Korean Evodia, Beebee Tree]
             Common Name List
      (plant habit and trunk, bark)  (leaves)  (leaves)  (flower cluster)  (plant habit, fruiting)
      (fruit and leaves)  (fruit)  (fruit at seed release, fall)  (info)

Thuja	Cupressaceae
Arborvitae	THEW-ya

Five species of coniferous evergreen trees, of small to medium size, and a few shrubs, usually dense. Bark is scaly. Branches usually horizontal or also ascending, developing a conical crown. Twigs more or less flattened. Leaves opposite, scale-like, appressed, lateral leaves partly overlap facial leaves. Cones small, ovate or oblong. Native to North America or eastern Asia. Many cultivars of different size, form and color are available. The foliage of several types discolor in winter, reducing their acceptability. Some tend to thin out with age and attain an unkempt appearance. Arborvitae are especially popular in the midwest and eastern U.S.
Note: There is general consensus that one species, Thuja orientalis, does not below in this genus and has been transferred to the genus Platycladus, hence Platycladus orientalis. However, most horticultural nurseries and retail outlets continue to use the older designaition.
Thuja: the Greek name of juniper, or from thyia, a reference to a scented gum, possibly that from Thuja articulata.

Thuja occidentalis      [Eastern Arborvitae, American Arborvitae]     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (plant habit, hedge)  (plant habit, tall screen)  (branchlets)  (leaves)
      (branchlets and immature cones)  (branchlets and mature cones)  (leaves and cones)
      (leaves and mature cone)  (leaves (underside), comparison)  (leaves, comparison)  (info)

Some selections of Thuja occidentalis:

‘Golden Globe’ [Golden Globe Arborvitae]
(plant habit, winter) (info)
‘Hetz Midget’ [Hetz Midget Arborvitae]
(plant habit) (plant habit, several plants grown togeter) (info)
‘Rheingold’ [Rheingold Arborvitae]
(plant habit) (plant habit) (branchlets) (info)
‘Yellow Ribbon’ [Yellow Ribbon Arborvitae]
(plant habit, winter) (info)

Thuja orientalis    (syn. Platycladus orientalis )    [Oriental Arborvitae]     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (plant habit, older plants)  (branches with cones)
      (branchlets, immature cones)  (branchlets, mature cones)  (branchlets, comparison)
      (leaves)  (leaves, comparison)  (info)

Two selections of Thuja orientalis (Platycladus orientalis):

‘Morgan’ [Morgan Oriental Arborvitae]
(plant habit) (info)
‘Van Hoey Smith’ [Van Hoey Smith Oriental Arborvitae]
(plant habit and branchlets) (info)

Thuja plicata    [Western Red Cedar]  Native List  Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (branches)  (branches and cones)  (leaves and immature cones)
      (leaves and cones)  (branchlet and leaves)  (leaves, underside markings)
      (leaves, comparison)  (bark, trunk)  (info)

Some selections of Thuja plicata:

‘Grune Kugel’ [Grune Kugel Cedar]
(plant habit) (branchlets) (info)
‘Stoneham Gold’ [Stoneham Gold Cedar]
(plant habit) (branchlets) (branchlets) (info)
‘Zabrina’ [Zabrina Cedar]
(plant habit) (branchlets) (info)

Thujopsis	Cupressaceae
	thew-YOP-sis

A single species in this genus (see below).
Thujopsis: from Thuja and the Greek opsis, resemblance, meaning similar appearance of the two genera.

Thujopsis dolabrata   [Elkhorn Cedar, Deerhorn Cedar, Hiba Arborvitae]   Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (brachlets)  (brachlets)  (leaves)  (immature cones and brachlets)
      (mature cones and brachlets)  (info)

A dwarf selection of Thujopsis dolabrata:

‘Nana’ [Dwarf Elkhorn Cedar]
(plant habit) (plant habit) (branchlets) (info)

Tibouchina	Melastometaceae
Glory Bush, Lasiandra, Glorytree	ti-boo-CHEE-na

Some 300 species of evergreen perennials, shrubs, small trees and climbers with square stems. Leaves are simple, hairy, and deeply marked with 3-7 veins. Flowers are large and vivid, with 5 petals, usually purple, pink, or white. Native to South America.
Tibouchina: from the native name.

Tibouchina urvelleana [Princess Flower] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers and leaves) (flower) (leaves) (info)

Tilia	Tiliaceae (Linden Family)
Linden, Basswood, Lime	TIL-i-a

About 45 species of deciduous trees, branches commonly have stellate pubescence. Leaves alternate, in 2 ranks, simple, apex acute to acuminate, base oblique, cordate, margin serrate, often pubescent below. Flowers usually in pendulous clusters (cymes), the stalks of which are fused to about half their length to a single, narrow, leaf-like bract, individual flowers are usually bisexual, white to yellow, often fragrant, 5 sepals, 5 petals, 5 staminodes. Fruit is a dry, nut-like drupe with 1 seed.
Tilia: from Latin tilia, lime, apparently derived from the Greek ptilon, feather, a reference to the flower bract.

Tilia americana      [American Linden]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (young leaf with stipules)  (mature leaf)  (leaf surface and margin)  (leaf size variation)
      (leaf and immature flower clusters)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (flowers)  (leafy shoot and fruit)
      (leaf and bract)  (fruit and leaf)  (plant habit and leaves, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (plant habit, winter)
      (trunk, bark)  (winter twig, buds)  (info)

Tilia cordata      [Littleleaf Linden]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (branches with leaves and flowers)  (leaves and developing flowers)
      (leaf and flower cluster)  (flowers)  (developing fruit)  (leaves and fruit)  (leaves, comparison)
      (fruit)  (trunk, bark)  (twigs, winter)  (info)

Tilia × euchlora       [Crimean Linden]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (leaves and immature flowers)  (leaves and fruit, fall)  (leaves, "portrait")
      (leaves, comparison)  (leaves, fall)  (info)

Tilia × europaea      [European Linden]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (leafy shoots and flower clusters)  (leaves and flower clusters)
      (leaves and fruit)  (fruit clusters and fruit)  (plant habit, winter)  (info)

Tilia mongolica       [Mongolian Linden]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (leaf)  (flowering branches)  (leaves and flowers)  (fruiting branch)
      (fruit and leaves)  (info)

Tilia tomentosa      [Silver Linden]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, late spring)  (leaves)  (leaves and immature flowers)
      (plant habit, summer and fall)  (leaves and developing fruit)
      (leaves and mature fruit)  (leaves, comparison)  (plant habit, fall)
      (leaves, fall)  (info)

Trachelospermum	Apocynaceae
	tra-ke-lo-SPER-mum

Some 20 species of evergreen climbing shrubs with milky sap in stems and leaves. Leaves opposite, leathery, distinctly pinnately veined. Flowers white to pale yellow, calyx 5-lobed, corolla a cylindrical tube with a speading 5-lobed limb, twisted lobes overlapping to the right. Fruit 1-3 drupes together.
Trachelospermum: from Greek trachelos, neck, and sperma, seed.

Trachelospermum jasminoides [Star Jasmine, Confederate Jasmine] Common Name List
(plant habit, vine) (plant habit and flowers) (leaves and flowers) (leaves) (info)

Tsuga	Pinaceae
Hemlock	tsoo-GA

Some 9-10 species of evergreen trees of medium size to very large, pyramidal, with horizontal to drooping branches, relatively delicate and graceful. Needles are short, blunt, flexible, spirally arranged. The trees withstand full shade, but perform best in partial shade on acid soils with adequate moisture and good drainage. They grow poorly under hot, dry summer conditions. Native to North America (east and west coast), Himalaya, China, and Japan. (This genus is NOT the poisonous hemlock, which are species of Cicuta and Conium of the Parsley family).
Tsuga: the Japanese name.

Tsuga canadensis      [Canadian or Eastern Hemlock]     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (branch)  (branchlets)  (branchlets and needles)  (branchlets and needles, underside)
      (branchlets, comparison)  (needles, underside comparison)  (seed cones)  (mature seed cones)  (info)

A few selections of Tsuga canadensis:

‘Albospica’ [White Tipped Canadian Hemlock] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branchlets, side) (branchlets, top) (branchlets) (needles) (info)
‘Little Joe’ [Little Joe Canadian Hemlock] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (info)
T. c. var. pendula      [Weeping Hemlock]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, older plant)  (plant habit, young plant)
      (plant habit, improperly pruned)  (branchlets)  (info)

Tsuga diversifolia [Northern Japanese Hemlock] Common Name List
(plant habit, small tree) (branchlets) (needles) (info)

Tsuga heterophylla    [Western Hemlock]  Native List  Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (branches with cones)  (branchlets with cones)  (needles)  (needles, underside)
      (branchlets, comparison)  (branchlets, comparison)  (needles, underside comparison)
      (immature and mature cones)  (cones (open) and needles)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

A weeping selection of Tsuga heterophylla:

‘Thorsen's Weeping'’ [Thorsen's Weeping Western Hemlock] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branchlets, leaves) (info)

Tsuga mertensiana    [Mountain Hemlock]  Native List  Common Name List
      (in habitat)  (plant habit, small tree)  (plant habit)  (branch habit)  (branches)  (needles)
      (branch and needles)  (needles)  (branchlets, comparison)  (pollen cones and needles, spring)
      (seed cones (closed))  (needles and cone (open))  (trunk, bark)  (info)

A dwarf selection of Tsuga mertensiana:

‘Elizabeth’ [Elizabeth Mountain Hemlock] Common Name List
(plant habit) (shoot, leaves) (info)

Ulex	Fabaceae, Leguminosae
Gorse, Furze	EW-leks

About 20 species of very spiny, dense shrubs Leaves densely crowded, usually alternate, reduced to a thorny leaf petiole or a small scale. Flowers yellow, in apical thorn axil. Fruit a pod, ovate to linear-oblong. Native to western Europe and norther Africa, naturalized in the Americas.
Ulex: the name Pliny used for heather.

Ulex europaeus    [Common Gorse]  Native List  Common Name List
      (plant habit, spring flowering)  (flowers and spines)  (flowers)  (plant habit, summer)
      (plant habit, summer)  (leaves and spines)  (info)

Ulmus	Ulmaceae
Elm	UL-mus

About 45 species of deciduous, rarely semi-evergreen, trees, occasionally shrubs. Bark often deeply furrowed. Leaves alternate, simple, short pertioled, veins pinnate, never 3-veined, serrate or biserrate, usually somewhat pubescent below. Flowers bisexual, inconspicuous. Fruit a samara, ovoid to oblong, encircling winged margin. Native to northern temperate regions to northern Mexico and central Asia.
Ulmus: the Latin name.

Ulmus Accolade™      [Accolade Elm]     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (leaf margin and upper surface)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)
      (leaves in shady environment, fall)  (plant habit, winter)  (winter twigs, buds)  (info)

Ulmus americana      [American Elm]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, early spring)  (development of male flower parts)  (development of fruit (seeds))
      (fruit (seeds), spring)  (fruit clusters and fruit (seeds))  (ripe fruit (seeds) and leaves)
      (plant habit, summer and fall)  (leafy shoot)  (leaf margin and tip)  (plant habit, fall)
      (leafy branches, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (leaf margin, comparison)  (trunk, bark)
      (twig, buds, winter)  (info)

Ulmus ‘Frontier’      [Frontier Elm]     Common Name List
      (new growth)  (shoot)  (leaves, variation)  (leaf and margin)  (plant habit, fall)  (branch, fall)
      (leaves, fall)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Ulmus glabra  ‘Camperdownii’      [Camperdown Scotch Elm]     Common Name List
      (branches, spring)  (fruit and expanding leaves)  (plant habit, summer)  (leaves)
      (leaf)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (plant habit, winter)  (major branches)
      (winter twigs and buds)  (info)

Ulmus × hollandica       [Dutch Elms, Hybrid Elms]     Common Name List
      (flowers)  (fruiting plant habit and fruit (seeds))  (fruit (seeds), comparison)
      (row of trees, lower campus)  (plant habit, summer and fall)  (leaves)  (leaf)
      (leaf, underside)  (leaves, comparison)  (margin, comparison)  (row of trees, fall)
      (leaves, fall)  (leaf fall)  (trunk, bark)  (winter twig and buds)
      (winter twig and buds, comparison)  (info)

Ulmus ‘Homestead’      [Homestead Elm]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, spring)  (expanding leaves and fruit)  (leaves, spring)
      (leaves)  (leaf and margins)  (leaf margin)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)
      (trunk, bark)  (winter twig, buds)  (info)

Ulmus parvifolia      [Lacebark Elm, Chinese Elm]     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (leafy shoot)  (leaves, variation)  (leaf)  (leaf margins)
      (fall fruiting)  (plant habit and leaves, fall)  (fruiting branches, early winter)
      (fruit (seeds), early winter)  (trunk)  (trunk, bark)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Two selections of Ulmus parvifolia:

‘Frosty’ [Variegated Lacebark or Chinese Elm] Common Name List
(plant habit, spring) (leaves, spring) (plant habit, late spring) (leaves, late spring) (info)
‘Seiju’ [Dwarf Elm] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branch, leaves) (trunk, bark) (info)

Decaffeinated elm?

Ulmus pumila      [Siberian Elm]     Common Name List
      (expanding leaves and deveoping fruit (seeds))  (plant habit)  (branches)
      (leafy shoot)  (leaf)  (trunk, bark)  (winter branches, twigs and buds)  (info)

Umbellularia	Lauraceae
	um-BEL-ew-lah-ree-a

A single species, some say two, of aromatic evergreen trees. Leaves alternate, leathery, entire. Flowers bisexual, in stalked clusters (umbels) toward the branch tips, calyx tubular with 6 equal lobes, petals absent, 9 stamens in 3 whorls. Fruit a berry, green and ripening purple. Native to southern Oregon and California.
Umbellularia: the Latin umbella, navel, apparently a reference to the inflorescence form.

Umbellularia californica    [Oregon Myrtle, California Bay]  Native List  Common Name List
      (plant habit, tree)  (plant habit, shrub)  (flowering shoot)  (leaves)  (leaves, underside)
      (flower cluster)  (leaves and fruit)  (leaves and fruit)  (fruit and flower buds, fall)  (fruit and seeds)
      (trunk, bark)  (info)

Vaccinium	Ericaceae
	vak-SIN-ee-um

A large genus, some 450 species of shubs and a few small trees, often stoloniferous, evergreen or deciduous. Leaves alternate, simple, entire or serrate, short petioles. Flowers solitary or in clusters, calyx 4-5 parted and persistent in fruit, corolla more or less tubular, 4-5 lobes, white, pink, or red, 8-10 staments. Fruit a berry with numerous seeds. Native range from the Arctic to the tropical mountains, also a few species in southern Africa.
Vaccinium: an ancient name, its origin is disputed.

Vaccinium angustifolium   [Lowbush Blueberry]     Common Name List
      (info)

  A compact cultivar of Vaccinium angustifolium selected for fall color:

‘Burgundy’ [Burgundy Lowbush Blueberry] Common Name List
(plant habit, summer) (leaves, summer) (info)

Vaccinium corymbosum   [Highbush Blueberry]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, spring)  (flowers)  (leaves)  (plant habit, summer)  (leaves and ripening fruit)
      (plant habit, fall)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (info)

Vaccinium crassifolium [Creeping Blueberry, Thick-leaved Whortlberry] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leafy shoot) (info)

Vaccinium macrocarpon [Cranberry, American Cranberry] Common Name List
(plant habit, fruiting) (leaves and developing fruit) (ripe fruit) (info)

Vaccinium membranaceum   [Big, Mountain, or Blue Huckleberry]  Native List  Common Name List
      (plant habit, early summer)  (leaves, early summer)  (plant habit)
      (leaves and developing fruit)  (leaves)  (info)

Vaccinium moupinense [Himalayan Blueberry] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (info)

Vaccinium ovatum    [Box Huckleberry, Evergreen Huckleberry]  Native List  Common Name List
      (plant habit, spring)  (new growth, spring)  (leaves and flowers)  (flower and flower buds)
      (plant habit, summer)  (leafy shoot)  (plant habit, fruiting)  (leaves and fruit, Sept.)
      (leaves and fruit, winter)  (info)

Vaccinium parvifolium    [Red Huckleberry]  Native List  Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (leaves)  (plant habit, fruiting)  (plant habit, fruiting)  (leafy shoots with fruit)
      (fruit and leaves)  (winter twigs and buds)  (info)

Vaccinium sikkimense [Sikkim Blueberry] Common Name List
(plant habit) (info)

Vaccinium vitis-idaea      [Cowberry, Lingonberry]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (leafy shoots and fruit)  (flowers, fruit and leaves)
      (leaves, flowers and fruit, "portrait")  (leaves, comparison)  (info)

Vancouveria	Berberidaceae
Inside-out Flower, Barrenwort	van-koo-VE-ree-uh

About 3 species of perennial, rhizomatous herbs, creeping, horizontal. Leaves divided, leaflets cordate at base, round at apex, often 3-lobed, undulate. Flowers in naked clusters, few and small, nodding, 6-petals, white, reflexed and flared, filaments extendng beyond the separate anthers (flowers have shooting star or inside-out appearance). Native to range from British Columbia to California.
Vancouveria: named for Capt. George Vancouver (1758-98), British explorer in the Pacific Northwest.

Vancouveria planipetala      [Small Inside-out Flower]     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (leaflet)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)  (flowers)
      (flowers)  (info)

Viburnum	Caprifoliaceae
Arrow-Wood, Wayfaring Tree	vi-BER-num

Over 150 species of deciduous or evergreen shrubs or small trees. Leaves are simple, opposite, occasionally in whorls of 3, entire, serrate, dentate or lobed. Flowers are usually white or cream, but sometimes pinkish, in clusters (corymbs, umbels, panicles), sometimes with showy ray flowers, 5-lobed, and 5 stamens. Fruit is 1-seeded, jucey or dry (drupe), and red, blue, or black. Widely distributed in the temperate northern hemisphere (some 15 species are native to North America) and extending into South America and Malaysia.
Viburnum: Latin name of V. lantana

Viburnum awabuki (syn. V. odoratissimum var. awabuki) [Sweet Viburnum] Common Name List
(plant habit and stem) (leaves) (leaves, fall) (info)

Viburnum × bodnantense ‘Dawn’   [Dawn Bodnantense Viburnum]   Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering, winter)  (flower clustsers)  (flowers)
      (new leaves)  (leaves and fruit)  (info)

Viburnum × burkwoodii      [Burkwood Viburnum]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, large, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower buds and flowers)
      (flower clusters)  (flower cluster, comparison)  (plant habit, summer)  (leaves)
      (leaves, comparison)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (info)

A compact cultivar of Viburnum × burkwoodii [actually a hybrid, see (info)]:

‘Conoy’ [Conoy Burkwood Viburnum] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flower cluster and expanding leaves) (flower buds and leaf, fall) (info)

Viburnum carlesii      [Koreanspice Viburnum]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)  (plant habit, after flowering)
      (leaves)  (leaves and fruit)  (twig and buds, winter)  (info)

Viburnum cinnamomifolium      [Cinnamon Viburnum]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (leaves and flowers buds)  (flower cluster piror to opening)
      (flower clusters and leaves)  (info)

Viburnum davidii      [David Viburnum]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (plant habit, again)  (leaves and flower buds)  (plant habit, flowering)
      (flower cluster)  (plant habit, fruiting)  (fruit and leaves)  (info)

Viburnum dentatum      [Arrowwood Viburnum]     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (leaves and immature fruit)  (mature fruit and leaves)  (info)

  A selection of Viburnum dentatum:

Chicago Lustre® [Chicago Lustre Arrowwood Viburnum] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (leafy expanding shoot) (flower clusters and leaves) (info)

Viburnum edule [Mooseberry, Highbush Cranberry, Squashberry] Native List Common Name List
(plant habit, fruiting) (fruiting branch) (leaves) (info)

Viburnum ellipticum    [Oregon Viburnum, Western Wayfaring Tree]  Native List  Common Name List
      (plant habit, start of flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)
      (flower cluster and leaves)  (flower cluster and flower)  (leaves)
      (leaf)  (immature fruit, June)  (immature fruit, August)  (mature fruit, Sept.)
      (twigs and buds, winter)  (info)

Viburnum farreri [Fragrant Viburnum] Common Name List
(flowering branches) (flower cluster and expanding leaves) (leaves, mature) (info)

Viburnum × juddii      [Judd Viburnum]      Common Name List
      (large plant, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower cluster)
      (flower cluster, comparison)  (young leaves)  (plant habit, summer)
      (leaves)  (leaves, comparison)  (leaves, comparison)  (leaves, comparison)
      (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (info)

Viburnum lantana      [Wayfaringtree Viburnum]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (expanding leaves)  (developing flower clusters and leaves)
      (flower cluster and leaves)  (plant habit, summer)  (leaves)  (leaves, comparison)  (developing fruit)
      (plant habit, fruiting)  (fruit cluster and leaves)   (leaves and bud)  (leaves and fruit, fall)  (info)

Viburnum lentago      [Nannyberry, Sheepberry]      Common Name List
      (plant habit and leaf)  (plant habit, 3 plants)  (fruiting branches)  (leaves)  (developing fruit and leaves)
      (plant habit, fall)  (fruit, fall)  (plant habit, winter)  (twigs and buds, winter)  (info)

Viburnum odoratissimum var. awabuki [Sweet Viburnum] see Viburnum awabuki

Viburnum opulus      [European Cranberrybush Viburnum]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (leaves, summer)  (leaves, comparison)
      (plant habit, fruiting, fruit and leaves)  (plant habit and leaf, fall)  (twigs and buds, winter)  (info)

A few cultivars of Viburnum opulus:

‘Nanum’     [Dwarf European Cranberrybush Viburnum]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, young plants)  (plant habit, large plant)  (leaves)  (flower clusters and leaves)
      (flower cluster)  (plant habit, summer)  (info)

‘Roseum’      [European Snowball Viburnum]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (leaves)  (expanding flower clusters)
      (flower clusters and leaves)  (leaves and flowers, comparison)  (plant habit, senescing flowers)
      (senescing flower cluster)  (plant habit, summer)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (info)

‘Xanthocarpum’ [Yellow-fruited European Cranberrybush Viburnum] Common Name List
(plant habit, late summer) (fruit and leaves, late summer) (info)

Viburnum opulus var. americanum [American Cranberrybush Viburnum] see Viburnum trilobum

Viburnum plicatum  (syn. V. p. var. plicatum)    [Japanese Snowball]       Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (leaves and flower clusters)
      (leaves and flowers, comparison)  (info)

Two cultivars of Viburnum plicatum:

Newport® [Newport Snowball Viburnum]
(plant habit, flowering) (info)
‘Pink Sensation’ [Pink Sensation Snowball Viburnum]
(plant habit, flowering) (flower clusters) (info)

Viburnum plicatum var. tomentosum       [Doublefile Viburnum]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, large, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)  (flowering branch)
      (flowers)  (leaves, summer)  (leaves, comparison)  (plant habit, fruiting)  (fruit clusters and leaves)
      (ripening fruit)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (info)

A pink flowered cultivar of Viburnum plicatum var. tomentosum :

‘Pink Beauty’ [Pink Beauty Viburnum]
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers and leaves) (flowers) (info)

Viburnum × pragense [Prague Viburnum] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (info)

Viburnum prunifolium      [Blackhaw Viburnum]       Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (developing flower cluster and leaves)  (leafy shoots, spring and summer)
      (plant habit, summer, pruned)  (leaves)  (fruiting branches)  (fruit cluster)  (plant habit, winter)
      (info)

Viburnum rhytidophyllum      [Leatherleaf Viburnum]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (flowers and leaf)  (flowers)
      (new leaves)  (leaves)  (leaves)  (fruit cluster and leaves)  (info)

Viburnum rufidulum       [Rusty Blackhaw Viburnum]      Common Name List
      (info)

     A cultivar of Viburnum rufidulum:

‘Royal Guard’     [Royal Guard Rusty Blackhaw Viburnum]
      (plant habit, flowering hedge)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers and leaves)
      (leaves)  (fruit and leaves)  (winter twigs, buds)  (winter buds)  (info)

Viburnum sargentii [Sargent Viburnum] Common Name List
(info)

A cultivar of Viburnum sargentii:

'Onondaga' [Onondaga Viburnum] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (leaves) (flower clusters) (flowers) (info)

Viburnum setigerum [Tea Viburnum] Common Name List
(leaves and fruit, early fall) (fruit) (info)

Viburnum suspensum [Sandankwa Viburnum, Sandanqua Viburnum] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (leaf) (flowers and leaves) (info)

Viburnum tinus      [Laurustinus]     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (leaves)  (leafy shoot)  (leaf)  (plant habit, spring flowering)
      (flower clusters)  (flower cluster)  (plant habit, fruiting and fall flowering)
      (flower and fruit clusters)  (developing and mature fruit)  (flowering branch, fruit)
      (fruit)  (info)

Viburnum trilobum       [American Cranberrybush Viburnum]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, spring)  (flower cluster and leaves)  (plant habit, summer)  (leaves)
      (leaves, comparison)  (immature fruit and leaves)  (mature fruit and leaves)
      (plant habit and leaf, fall)  (twigs and buds, winter)  (info)

A dwarf cultivar of Viburnum trilobum:

'Compactum' [Dwarf American Cranberrybush Viburnum] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (info)

Vinca	Apocynaceae
Periwinkle, Creeping Myrtle	VING-ka

About 6 species of low growing, evergreen subshrubs or herbaceous perennials. Leaves are opposite and entire. Flowers solitary, long stalked, 5-lobed to 5-parted. Native range from Europe, north Africa, to central Asia.
Vinca: after the Latin name vinca pervinca, from vincio, to bind, a reference to the use of the shoots in wreaths; apparently also the origin of the modern English name (periwinkle) from the Middle English per wynke.

Vinca major       [Large Periwinkle]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, new spring growth)  (shoots and flowers)  (flower and leaves)
      (flowers, comparison)  (leaves, comparison)  (info)

Vinca minor       [Dwarf Periwinkle]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (planta habit, closer)  (leaves and flowers)
      (flowers and leaves)  (flowers, comparison)  (leaves, comparison)  (info)

Vitex	Verbenaceae
	VI-teks

About 250 species of deciduous and evergreen shurbs and trees, mostly in tropical and subtropical regions, only a few in temperate regions. Leaves opposite, often palmately compound and rather large, 3-7 narrow leaflets. Flowers in large clusters, white, yellow, red, blue or purple.
vitex: Latin name for V. agnus-castus, Chaste Tree

Vitex agnus-castus      [Chaste Tree, Chastetree]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters and flowers)  (leaves)  (leaf)
      (leaves and flower clusters)  (fruit, fall)  (trunks, bark)  (branches, winter)  (info)

Vitis	Vitaceae
Grape	VI-tis, VEE-tis

Some 65 species of sprawling vines or shrubs, branches with opposite tendrils, often missing at every third node, lacking adhesive tips. Leaves simple, alternate, toothed or more or less lobed. Flowers may be unisexual on some plants or bisexual, 5 petals united at the ends into a cap which is shed when the flower opens, 5 stamens. Fruit a berry, 2-4 pear-shaped seeds. Native to the northern hemisphere, many species in eastern and midwestern North America.
vitis: Roman name for grapevines

Vitis coignetiae [Crimson Glory Vine] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (leaf) (plant habit, fall) (leaves, fall) (leaf, fall) (info)

Waldsteinia	Rosaceae
	wald-STIEN-ee-a

Six species of hebaceous perennials with creeping rhizomes. Leaves alternate, lobed, or trifoliate, in a rosette. Flowers yellow, solitary or a few together, calyx 5-lobed, calyx tube funnel-shaped, 5 petals, many stamens. Found in wooded areas of North temperate regions.
Waldstein: after Count Franz Adam Waldstein von Wartenburg (1759-1823), an Austrian botanist.

Waldsteinia fragariodes [Barren Strawberry] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (flower) (info)

Weigela	Caprifoliaceae
Weigela	wi-GEE-la

Ten species of tall, upright, deciduous shrubs, without stolons. Leaves simple, opposite, serrate, lacking stipules. Flowers pink, red or yellowish, in axillary or terminal clusters (corymbs), calyx narrow, tube-like, 5 sepals, corolla campanulate-funnelform, 5 stamens, shorter than corolla, slender style. Fruit bivalved, woody, beaked capsule.
Weigela: after Christain Ehrenfried von Weigel (1748-1831), German botanist.

Weigela florida      [Weigela]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (leaves and flowers)  (leaves and flower buds)  (flowers)  (flowers, red cultivar)
      (flower, anthers and stigma)  (plant habit, after flowering)  (info)

       Some cultivars:
        ‘Variegata’
        ‘Variegata Nana’
        ‘White Knight’
        Wine & Roses®

Weigela praecox      [Weigela]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers)  (info)

   A cultivar of Weigela praecox:

‘Korean Sunset’ [Korean Sunset Weigela] Common Name List
(plant habit, start of flowering) (flowers and leaves) (info)

Wisteria	Fabaceae
Wisteria	wis-TE-ri-a

Ten species (W. floribunda and W. sinensis the most common commercially) of high climbing, twining, deciduous, woody vines, old stems are trunk-like. Leaves alternate, pinnately compound (odd), apical leaflet often largest, leaflets entire, opposite, oblong-elliptic. Flowers in pendulous terminal or axillary clusters (racemes), pea-like, large, white, purple, or lilac, two appendages at the base. Fruit a pod, elongated, 2-valved, leathery. Native to China, Japan, and eastern U.S., in the latter region are found W. frutescens and W. macrostachys.
Wisteria: after Caspar Wistar (1761-1818), professor of Anatomy, University of Pennsylvania.

Wisteria floribunda      [Japanese Wisteria]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)  (leaf and flower cluster)  (leaflets and flowers)
      (plant habit, summer)  (leaflets, comparison)  (winter twigs and buds)  (buds)  (info)

Wisteria sinensis      [Chinese Wisteria]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)
      (flower buds)  (flower clusters)  (plant habit, after flowering)  (leaves)
      (leaves)  (winter twigs and buds)  (buds)  (info)

Xanthocyparis nootkatensis [Alaska Cedar, Nootka Falsecypress, Yellow Cedar]
see (Chamaecyparis nootkatensis)

Yucca	Liliaceae, Agavaceae
Yucca	yuk-ah

About 40 species of rosette or woody-based perennials, evergreen shrubs, and erect, then spreading, evergreen trees. Leaves stiff, linear to lance-shaped, often tipped with a sharp spine. Flowers white or cream, bell- or cup-shaped, drooping, in tall clusters (panicles), most are heavily scented at night. Fruit are fleshy or dry capsules, not usually seen outside of their native range since flowers much be pollinated by the yucca moth. Native to North and South America.
Yucca: apparently from the Caribbean name for Cassave (Manihot esculenta), originally thought to apply to Yucca gloriosa.

Yucca brevifolia [Joshua Tree] Common Name List
(plant habit) (shoot, leaves) (flower buds) (flower bud) (trunk) (info)

Yucca glauca       [Soapweed Yucca]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, spring)  (leaves)  (developing flower stalk)  (plant habit, fruiting)
      (fruitng stalk)  (ripe fruit with seeds)  (info)

Zanthoxylum	Rutaceae
	zan-tho-ZI-lum

About 250 species of mostly tropical or subtrobical aromatic trees and shrubs, few in temperate zones, deciduous or evergreen, usually prickly. Leaves alternate, compound (odd pinnate, rarely three leaflets), lealets opposite, entire or serrate, with minute clear dots (glands). Flowers small, yellowish green, dioecious or polygamous (unisexual and bisexual flowers on the same plant), 3-8 per cluster. Mature fruit often split to reveal 1-2 black seeds attached by short threads. Native mostly to Asia, Australia, North and South America, and Africa.
Zanthoxylem: xanthos, yellow, and xylon, wood, a reference to the yellow wood of some species.

Zanthoxylum americanum [Prickly Ash, Toothache Tree] Common Name List
(leaf) (stem, leaflets and spines) (info)

Zanthoxylum piperitum [Japanese Prickly Ash] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves, branch) (info)

Zanthoxylum planispinum [Winged Prickly Ash] Common Name List
(fruit and spines, winter) (info)

Zelkova	Ulmaceae
	zel-KO-va

Some 5 or more species of deciduous trees and occasionally shrubs, bark smooth and scaly, and branches somewhat erect. Leaves alternate, simple, parallel veined, coarsely serrate, short petiole. Flowers axillary, inconspicuous, green, males in clusters, female solitary or few, on current season’s shoots. Fruit a dry nut-like drupe. Native to the Caucasus, east Asia, Taiwan, and Japan.
Zelkova: the local name for Zelkova carpinifolia, Caucasian Elm.

Zelkova serrata      [Japanese Zelkova]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (branches)  (leaves)  (leafy shoot)  (plant habit, fall)
      (leafy shoots, fall)  (leafy shoots, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (leaf margin, comparison)
      (trunk, bark)  (plant habit, winter)  (winter twigs and buds)  (info)

A cultivar of Zelkova serrata

‘Variegata’ [Variegated Japanese Zelkova] Common Name List
(branch and leaves) (info)

Some options:

First letter of genus (or a *Genus* itself)
Volume 1	A Abies Acer Aesculus Albizia Alnus Amelanchier Arbutus Arctostaphylos Aucuba B Berberis Betula Buddleia Buxus C Calocedrus Camellia Carpinus Castanea Catalpa Ceanothus Cedrus Cercis Cercocarpus Chaenomeles Chamaecyparis Chionanthus Cistus Clematis Cornus Corylus Cotinus Cotoneaster Crataegus Cupressus Cytisus D Daphne Deutzia E Elaeagnus Escallonia Eucalyptus Euonymus
Volume 2	F Fagus Fatsia Firmiana Forsythia Fothergilla Fraxinus G Gaultheria Ginkgo Gleditsia Grevillea Gymnocladus H Hamamelis Hebe Hibiscus Hydrangea Hypericum I Ilex J Juglans Juniperus K Kerria Koelreuteria L Lagerstroemia Larix Ligustrum Liquidambar Liriodendron Lonicera M Magnolia Mahonia Malus Myrica N Nyssa O Osmanthus Ostrya Oxydendrum
Volume 3 current	P Parthenocissus Philadelphus Photinia Physocarpus Picea Pinus Pittosporum Platanus Populus Prunus Pseudotsuga Pyrus Q Quercus R Rhaphiolepis Rhododendron Rhus Ribes Robinia Rosa Rubus S Sambucus Sequoia Shepherdia Skimmia Sophora Sorbus Spiraea Stewartia Symphoricarpos Syringa T Taxus Thuja Tilia Tsuga U Ulmus V Vaccinium Viburnum W Y Z Zelkova

Volume 4

Herbaceous Ornamental Plants

Home Page

Search on the Home Page

Common Name List

Native Woody Plant List

USDA Hardiness Zones

Sunset's Climate Zones for Oregon, Washington and Idaho

Scientific Plant Names

Glossary of Some Technical Terms

Plant Identification: Examining Leaves

Trying to identify an unkown woody plant? See the new woody plant identification system

References

For comments, suggestions, or corrections concerning this site please contact Patrick Breen, CPN (Certified Plant Nerd), Department of Horticulture, Oregon State University breenp@hort.oregonstate.edu

Last update of Volume 3: November 20, 2009