Oregon State University, LANDSCAPE PLANTS, Vol. 1

A columnar selection of Abies grandis:

Abies concolor   [White Fir]  Native List     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (branches)  (branches)  (branchlet)  (branchlet)  (leaves (needles))  (branch with cone)
      (cone, releasing seeds)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Two cultivars of Abies concolor:

‘Blue Cloak’ [Blue Cloak White Fir] Common Name List
(plant habit) (in the Oregon Garden) (plant habit) (branchlet, needles) (info)
‘Candicans’       [Candicans White Fir]       Common Name List
        (plant habit)  (branches)  (needles and buds)  (cones, at seed release)
        (needles, comparison with species type)  (info)

Abies delavayi [Delavay's Fir] Common Name List
(plant habit, young tree) (branch) (branchlet, upperside) (branchlet, lowerside) (info)

Abies grandis   [Grand Fir]  Native List     Common Name List
      (plant habit, young and mature)  (branches)  (branchlets)  (branchlets)  (branchlet)  (needles)
      (needles, upper and lower)  (branchlet, comparison)  (leaves and pollen cones, spring)
      (new growth)  (cone and remnants)  (twig tip, dormant buds)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

‘Johnsonii’ [Johnson Grand Fir]

plant habit and branches

Dwarf form of Abies magnifica:

Abies koreana [Korean Fir] Common Name List
(info)

A few cultivars of Abies koreana:

‘Aurea’ [Golden Korean Fir] Common Name List
(plant habit) (brachlets) (brachlets) (shoot tips) (needles) (info)
‘Green Carpet’ [Green Carpet Korean Fir] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branchlets, needles) (cones and branchlets) (info)
‘Horstmann's Silberlocke’   [Horstmann's Silberlock Korean Fir]   Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (branchlets, needles)  (developing male and female cones)
      (maturing cones)  (mature, disintegrating cones)  (info)
‘Silver Snow’ [Silver Snow Korean Fir] Common Name List
(plant habit) (info)

Abies lasiocarpa [Subalpine Fir, Rocky Mountain Fir] Native List Common Name List
(plant habit) (branchlets) (branchlets) (branchlet) (branchlet) (info)

Abies magnifica [California Red Fir, Red Fir] Native List Common Name List
(info)

‘Nana’ [Dwarf Blue (California) Red Fir ]

Abies nordmanniana [Nordmann Fir, Caucasian Fir] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branches) (branchlet) (branchlets) (needles) (info)

Golden-yellow form of Abies nordmanniana:

‘Golden Spreader’ [Golden Spreader Nordmann Fir]

Abies pindrow [West Himalayan Fir] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branchlets) (info)

Abies pinsapo      [Spanish Fir]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (plant habit, individual trees)  (branches)  (branches and immature cones, spring)
      (cones and branches)  (info)

Three selections of Abies pinsapo:

‘Aurea’ [Aurea Spanish Fir, Golden Spanish Fir] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branchlets) (branchlets and needles) (info)
‘Glauca’ [Blue Spanish Fir] Common Name List
(plant habit) (cones and branchlets) (branchlets) (needles) (info)
‘Horstmann’ [Horstmann Spanish Fir] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branchlets, needles) (info)

A variety (var.) of Abies pinsapo:

A. pinsapo var. marocana (syn. Abies marocana) [Moroccan Fir] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branch) (needles) (cone) (info)

Abies procera   [Noble Fir]  Native List     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (branches)  (branchlet)  (underside of branches)  (branchlets, needles)
      (needles, upperside)  (needles, underside)  (cone and brachlets)  (cone bracts)  (info)

A spreading, blue cultivar of Abies procera:

‘Glauca Prostrata’ [Glauca Prostrata Nobel Fir]

plant habit

branch with young cones

Nine species of deciduous trees with massive swollen trunks and rather short branches.
Adansonia: honors Michael Adanson (1727-1806), the French naturalist and explorer who first described A. digitata..

Acca (formerly Feijoa)	Myrtaceae
	AK-uh

A few species of evergreen shrubs. Leaves opposite. Flowers solitary in leaf axils, 4 petals, many stamens. Fruit an oblong berry, remnants of the calyx on the tip.
Acca: The derivation of Acca is cited as from an ancient Hebrew word meaning "hot sand", perhaps from Akkad (Sumerian Agde, Biblical Acca) the name of the city founded by Sargon I in northern Babylonia, though how this relates to this plant seems a mystery (San Marcos Growers, Santa Barbara, Calif.).

Acca sellowiana    (syn. Feijoa sellowiana)     [Pineapple Guava, Feijoa]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (plant habit, sheared)  (leaves)  (leaves, flower buds and flower)  (flowers and leaves)
      (stem, bark)  (info)

Acer	Aceraceae (Maple Family)
Maple	AY-ser (classically ă-ker)

About 150 species of deciduous or evergreen trees, some small shrubs; leaves opposite, usually simple and palmately lobed and veined, sometimes pinnately compound (e.g., A. negundo), leaf scars crescent shaped; flowers, small, in terminal or axillary clusters, 4-8 stamen, 2 styles or stigma; fruit is winged (samara), usually in joined pairs which separate when shed, one seed per fruit (key).
Acer: from the Latin name for the Maple, also meaning sharp, possibly a reference to its use as a lance or its hardwood.

Can you identify the leaves from four common landscape maples? (maple leaves)

Acer buergerianum      [Trident Maple]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, summer)  (leaves)  (leaves and fruit)  (leaves and fruit, fall)  (trunk, bark)
      (bark)  (winter twigs and buds)  (info)

A selection of Acer buergerianum:

Streetwise^® (leaves) (info)

Acer campestre      [Hedge Maple]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, summer and fall)  (small tree, summer and fall)  (leafy shoot)  (leaves and fruit)
      (leaves and fruit)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (winter plant habit and trunk, bark)
      (winter twigs and buds)  (info)

Two cultivars of Acer campestre:

‘Carnival’ (a variegated form)
(plant habit) (leaves) (info)
‘Nanum’ (a dwarf form)
(plant habit) (plant habit, 4 years later) (leaf) (info)

Acer capillipes      [Red Stripebark or Snakebark Maple]      Common Name List
      (leaves)  (plant habit, fruiting)  (fruiting branch)  (fruit cluster and leaves)  (trunk, bark)
      (winter twig, buds)  (winter buds)  (info)

Acer carpinifolium      [Hornbeam Maple]      Common Name List
      (young leaves)  (plant habit, summer)  (leafy shoots and fruit clusters)  (leaves and fruit clusters)
      (leaves and fruit clusters, fall)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Acer circinatum   [Vine Maple]  Native List     Common Name List
      (plant habit, in woods)  (plant habit, in landscape)  (trunk, multi-stemmed)  (flowers and expanding leaves)
      (leaves and flower clusters)  (expanded leaves, spring)  (leaves and fruit)  (leaves and fruit)
      (plant habit, fall, in woods)  (plant habit, fall, in landscape)  (plant habit, fall, in landscape)  (leaves, fall)
      (leaves, fall)  (winter twigs and buds)  (info)

Some selections of Acer circinatum:

‘Little Gem’
(plant habit) (leaves) (info)
‘Monroe’
(plant habit, spring) (leaves and flowers) (leaves) (leaf) (leaves and fruit) (info)
‘Pacific Fire’
(plant habit, winter/spring) (branches and bark, spring) (leafing out, spirng) (info)
‘Pacific Sprite’
(leaf and fruit) (leaf) (info)
‘Sunglow’
(plant habit, summer) (foliage) (leaves) (info)

Acer coriaceifolium (syn. Acer cinnamomifolium) [Leatherleaf Maple] Common Name List
(plant habit) (flower cluster and leaf) (leafy shoot) (leaves) (trunk, bark) (info)

Acer crataegifolium      [Hawthorn Maple]      Common Name List
      (info)

  A selection of Acer crataegifolium:

‘Veitchii’   [Veitch Hawthorn Maple]
      (emerging leaves)  (plant habit)  (leaves and flower cluster)  (leaves and fruit cluster)
      (trunk, bark)  (info)

Acer davidii      [David Maple, Père David's Maple]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, young and older)  (flowers and expanding leaves)  (leaves)
      (leaf)  (leaves and fruit)  (leaves)  (leaves and fruit)  (leaf and fruit)
      (trunk, bark)  (fruit clusters, winter)  (winter twig, buds)  (info)

Acer × freemanii [Freeman Maple, Hybrid Red Maple] Common Name List
(leaves, comparison) (info)

A few selections of Acer × freemanii:

‘Armstrong’   [Armstrong Maple]     Common Name List
      (plant habit and leaf)  (leaves)  (plant habit and leaves, fall)  (trunk, bark)
      (winter twigs, buds)  (info)
Autumn Blaze^® [Autumn Blaze Maple] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (plant habit, fall) (info)
Celebration^® [Celebration Maple] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaf) (trunk, bark) (info)
‘Morgan’ [Morgan Maple] Common Name List
(plant habit, summer) (leaf) (plant habit and leaves, fall) (info)
Sienna Glen^® [Sienna Glen Maple] Common Name List
(plant habit, fall) (leaves, fall) (info)

Acer ginnala   (Acer tataricum ssp. ginnala)   [Amur Maple]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (leaves and flowers, spring)  (plant habit)  (leaves)
      (leaves and fruit)  (plant habit, fall)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (winter twigs, buds)  (info)

A dwarf selection of Acer ginnala:

‘Emerald Elf’ [Emerald Elf Maple]
(plant habit) (info)

Acer glabrum   [Rocky Mountain Maple] Native List     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (small tree and stem)  (branch)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (leaf, underside)
      (leaf, early fall)  (winter twigs, buds)  (info)

A variety (varietas) of Acer glabrum:

Acer glabrum var. douglasii   [Douglas Maple]
      (plant habit)  (new growth)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (leaf, underside)  (leaf, compound (3 leaflets))
      (flower)  (young fruit cluster)  (fruiting branch, shady site)  (leaves and fruit, exposed site)
      (shoot tip and stem, exposed site)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaf,fall)  (stem, spring bud and trunk)
      (info)

Acer grandidentatum [Bigtooth Maple] Common Name List
(leaves) (leaf) (fruit and leaf) (info)

Acer griseum      [Paperbark Maple]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (plant habit, summer and fall)  (leaves)  (fruit and leaves)  (leaves)
      (leaves, fall)  (trunk, bark)  (winter branch, buds)  (terminal buds and fruit, winter)  (info)

Acer henryi      [Henry's Maple]      Common Name List
      (flower clusters and new growth)  (new growth)  (plant habit, summer)  (leaves)  (leaves)
      (leaflets)  (developing fruit cluster)  (foliage, fall)  (foliage, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (leaf, fall)
      (trunks, bark)  (winter twigs, buds)  (info)

Acer japonicum [Fullmoon Maple] Common Name List
(info)

Acer japonicum ‘Aconitifolium’       [Fernleaf Fullmoon Maple]      Common Name List
      (flowers and expanding leaves)  (plant habit, tree)  (plant habit, shrub/tree)  (leaves and fruit)
      (leaf and fruit)  (plant habit, fall)  (foliage, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (plant habit, large tree, fall)
      (leaves, fall)  (trunk, bark)  (winter buds)  (info)

Acer macrophyllum   [Bigleaf Maple]  Native List     Common Name List
      (plant habit, spring)  (flower cluster and flowers)  (flowers and fruit)  (plant habit, summer and fall)
      (leaf and fruit)  (leaves and fruit)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (leaf, fall)
      (winter twigs and buds)  (info)

An upright cultivar of Acer macrophyllum:

‘Seattle Sentinel’ [Seattle Sentinel Bigleaf Maple] Common Name List
(plant habit) (info)

Acer maximowiczianum (syn. Acer nikoense) [Nikko Maple] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaf) (leaf, underside) (trunk, bark) (info)

Acer miyabei      [Miyabe Maple]      Common Name List
      (info)

  Common selection of Acer miyabei:

Street Tree® ('Morton') [Street Tree Miyabe Maple] Common Name List
(foliage) (leafy branch) (leaf) (leaves, fall) (fruit) (trunk, bark) (info)

Acer mono [Painted Maple] see Acer pictum

Acer monspessulanum [Montpellier Maple] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branch) (leaves) (info)

Acer negundo      [Boxelder, Manitoba Maple]     Common Name List
      (developmenf of male (pollen) flowers, spring)  (male flowers)  (male and female flowers)
      (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (leaves and young fruit)  (leaves)  (fruit clusters, summer)
      (plant habit and shoots, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (fruit clusters, winter)  (trunk, bark)
      (winter twigs and buds)  (info)

Three cultivars of Acer negundo:

‘Flamingo’ [Flamingo Boxelder] Common Name List
(plant habit and leaves, spring) (developing fruit clusters) (plant habit, summer) (leaf) (info)
‘Sensation’ [Sensation Boxelder] Common Name List
(plant habit, fall) (leaves, fall) (info)
‘Variegatum’      [Variegated Boxelder]    Common Name List
     (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (plant habit, large tree)  (leaves)  (shoot with fruit cluster)
     (leaves and fruit)  (info)

Acer nipponicum [Nippon Maple] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaf) (leaf, underside) (trunk, bark) (info)

Acer oblongum [Evergreen Maple] Common Name List
(plant habit, small shrub) (leafy branch) (info)

Acer oliverianum [Oliver Maple] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaf) (leaf, underside) (trunk, bark) (info)

Acer palmatum      [Japanese Maple]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, spring)  (expanding leaves)  (leaves and flowers)  (plant habit, summer)  (leaves)  (leaf)
      (leaves and fruit)  (plant habit, fall)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (leaf, fall)  (winter twigs, buds)
      (info)

A few cultivars of Acer palmatum:

‘Beni komachi’ [Beni komachi Japanese Maple] Common Name List
(plant habit, late spring) (foliage) (leaves) (info)

‘Bloodgood’       [Bloodgood Japanese Maple]      Common Name List
     (plant habit, spring)  (leaves, spring)  (leaves, summer)  (plant habit, late summer)
     (leaves, late summer)  (plant habit, fall)  (info)

‘Pixie’ [Pixie Japanese Maple] Common Name List
(plant habit, late spring) (foliage) (leaves) (info)

‘Sango Kaku’       [Coralbark Japanese Maple]      Common Name List
     (plant habit, winter)  (branches, winter)  (branches, spring)  (older branches and trunk)
     (plant habit, fall, young tree)  (plant habit, fall)  (plant habit, fall, older tree)  (info)

‘Shaina’ [Shaina Japanese Maple] Common Name List
(plant habit, spring) (plant habit, spring) (foliage, spring) (leaves, spring) (info)

‘Sharp's Pygmy’ [Sharp's Pygmay Japanese Maple] Common Name List
(plant habit, older tree) (leaves) (leaves) (info)

‘Shindeshojo’      [Shindeshojo Japanese Maple]       Common Name List
     (plant habit, spring)  (leaves, spring)  (leaves, spring)  (plant habit, summer)
      (leaves, summer)  (info)

Two general "cut-leaf" forms (var.) of Acer palmatum:

A. p. var. dissectum [Dissected Japanese Maple] Common Name List
(plant habit, spring) (leaves, spring) (info)
A. p. var. dissectum atropurpureum    [Red Dissected Japanese Maple]   Common Name List
      (plant habit, spring)  (leaves, spring)  (plant habit, late summer)  (leaves, late summer)
      (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (info)

A. p.

dissectum atropurpureum

‘Ever Red’ [Ever Red Japanese Maple] Common Name List
(plant habit, May) (plant habit, July) (large plant, summer) (large plant, winter) (info)

Can you identify 5 small maple trees from their leaves and fruit? (leaves and fruit)

Acer pensylvanicum      [Striped or Moosewood Maple]     Common Name List
      (leaves and flower clusters, spring)  (plant habit, young tree)  (leafy shoot)  (leaf and fruit cluster)
      (leaves, variation)  (leaves, fall)  (trunk, bark)  (winter buds)  (info)

Acer pentaphyllum Common Name List
(plant habit, shrub) (view through canopy) (shoots) (leaves) (leaves) (info)

Acer pictum  (syn. Acer mono)    [Painted or Mono Maple]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (foliage and fruit)  (branch and leaves)  (leaves)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (trunk, bark)
      (dormant twig, buds)  (info)

Acer platanoides      [Norway Maple]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, spring)  (flowers, spring)  (flower)  (plant habit, late spring)  (fruit development)
      (plant habit, summer)  (leaves)  (leaves and fruit)  (leaves and fruit)  (leaf, comparison)
      (terminal bud, comparison)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (trunk, bark)  (dormant twigs, buds)
      (dormant buds)  (info)

A few cultivars of Acer platanoides:

‘Crimson King’   [Crimson King Norway Maple]  Common Name List
     (flower cluster, spring)  (leaves, after flowering)  (plant habit, spring, comparison)
      (plant habit, summer)  (leaf, summer)  (fruit, summer)  (leaves, fall)  (info)

Crimson Sentry™ [Crimson Sentry Norway Maple] Common Name List
(plant habit) (new leaves) (leaf) (info)

‘Deborah’   [Deborah Norway Maple]  Common Name List
      (flowers, early spring)  (plant habit, spring)  (plant habit, mid-spring)
      (leaves, mid-spring)  (plant habit, mid-summer)  (leaves, mid-summer)
      (plant habit and leaves, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (info)

Comparison of leaves of ‘Crimson King’, ‘Deborah’ and the species type in
(spring) (summer)

‘Drummondii’ [Drummond Norway Maple or Harlequin Maple] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (info)

‘Globosum’ [Globe Norway Maple] Common Name List
(plant habit, summer) (leaf) (plant habit, fall) (info)

‘Princeton Gold’ [Princeton Gold Norway Maple] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leafy branches) (leaves) (plant habit, fall) (info)

Acer pseudoplatanus      [Planetree Maple, Sycamore Maple]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (leaves and fruit clusters)  (leaf and fruit)  (leaves and fruit)  (leaves, fall)
      (leaves and fruit, fall)  (trunk, bark)  (winter twigs, buds)  (winter buds)  (buds, comparison)
      (info)

A common cultivar of Acer pseudoplatanus:

‘Atropurpureum’   [Purpleleaf Sycamore or Planetree Maple]    Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (flower cluster and leaves)  (leaves and fruit clusters)
      (leaves and fruit)  (leaves, comparison)  (branches, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (info)

Other cultivars of Acer pseudoplatanus:

‘Brilliantissimum’ [Brilliantissimum Sycamore or Planetree Maple] Common Name List
(leaves, early spring) (leaves, spring) (plant habit, spring) (leaf, summer) (info)
‘Nizetii’ [Nizetii Sycamore or Planetree Maple] Common Name List
(plant habit, early fall) (leaves, early fall) (leaves, early fall) (info)

Acer rubrum      [Red Maple]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, spring flowering)  (flowers)  (fruit development and expanding leaves)
      (plant habit, early spring and summer)  (leaves, summer)  (shoot, leaves)  (plant habit, fall)
      (branches, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaf surfaces, fall)  (trunk, bark)  (plant habit, winter)
      (branches, winter)  (short branches and buds, winter)  (buds, winter)  (info)

A few selections of Acer rubrum, see (info) above for additional common selections:

‘Autumn Spire’ [Autumn Spire Red Maple] Common Name List
(plant habit and leaves, fall) (info)
‘Bowhall’ [Bowhall Red Maple] Common Name List
(plant habit, summer and fall) (info)
October Glory^® [October Glory Red Maple] Common Name List
(plant habit and leaf) (plant habit, fall) (plant habit, fall) (leaf, fall) (info)
Redpointe^® [Redpointe Red Maple] Common Name List
(plant habit, fall) (branches, fall) (leaves, fall) (leaf, fall) (info)
Red Sunset^® [Red Sunset Red Maple] Common Name List
(plant habit, summer and fall) (leaf) (plant habit, fall) (info)

Acer rufinerve      [Redvein Maple]      Common Name List
      (leaves)  (buds, late summer)  (leaves and developing fruit)  (trunk, bark)
      (bark, trunk and branches)  (fruit, winter)  (winter branch and twig, buds)  (info)

Acer saccharinum      [Silver Maple]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, spring flowering)  (flowers)  (fruit (seeds))  (plant habit, young tree)  (plant habit, summer)
      (leaves)  (leafy shoot)  (leaves)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (trunk, bark)  (winter twigs, buds)  (info)

A cultivar of Acer saccharinum:

Acer saccharum      [Sugar Maple]      Common Name List
      (spring flowering and flowers)  (flowers and expanding leaves)  (flowers)  (developing fruit)
      (plant habit, summer)  (leaves)  (maturing fruit)  (leaves and fruit)  (leaves and fruit)
      (leaf lobes and fruit)  (leaf, comparison)  (terminal bud, comparison)  (plant habit, fall)
      (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (trunk, bark)  (winter twigs, buds)  (info)

Three cultivars of Acer saccharum:

‘Newton Sentry’ [Newton Sentry or Sentry Sugar Maple] Common Name List
(plant habit, summer and early fall) (leaves) (leaves and plant habit, fall) (leaf, fall) (info)
‘Sweet Shadow’   [Sweet Shadow Sugar Maple]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, summer)  (leaves)  (plant habit, fall)  (canopy, fall)  (branch, fall)  (leaves, fall)
      (info)
‘Temple's Upright’ (syn. 'Monunmentale') [Temple's Upright Sugar Maple] Common Name List
(plant habit and shoots, summer) (plant habit and shoots, fall) (info)

Having trouble distinguishing between
Norway Maple (Acer platanoides) and Sugar Maple (Acer saccharum)?

Here are some comparisons:
(plant habit) (leaves and fruit) (leaves) (bark) (twigs and buds) (info)

Acer sempervirens        [Cretan Maple]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, spring and summer)  (plant habit, summer)  (leaves, spring)
      (leafy shoot, summer)  (leaves)  (defoliated branch, winter)  (info)

Acer shirasawanum [Shirasawa Maple] Common Name List
(info)

Acer shirasawanum ‘Aureum’        [Golden Fullmoon Maple]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, small tree, spring)  (plant habit, large tree, spring)  (major branch, spring)  (leaves, spring)
      (shaded leaves, spring)  (leaves and flower cluster)  (info)

Acer spicatum [Mountain Maple, Moose Maple] Common Name List
(plant habit, summer) (foliage and fruit) (leaf) (leaf, underside) (fruit cluster) (info)

Acer tataricum       [Tatarian Maple, Tartarian Maple]     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (leaves and flower buds)  (leaf)  (plant habit fruiting, fruit and leaf)
      (branches and fruit (seeds), winter)  (winter buds)  (info)

A subspecies, the Amur maple, is more commonly grown:

Acer tataricum

ginnala

Acer ginnala

Acer tegmentosum   [Manchurian Stripebark Maple, Manchustriped Maple]   Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (leaves)  (flower cluster)  (leaf and developing fruit)  (trunk, bark)
      (twigs and buds, winter)  (info)

Acer triflorum   [Three Flowered Maple]   Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (expanding leaf, spring)  (leaves, spring)  (leaf, summer)  (plant habit, fall)
      (leaves, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (leaf, fall)  (fruit and leaf)  (trunk, bark)  (twig and buds, winter)  (info)

Acer truncatum    [Purpleblow Maple, Shantung Maple]   Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (leaves and fruit)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)
      (trunk, bark)  (winter twig, buds)  (info)

Acer truncatum × Acer platanoides

Norwegian Sunset™    (syn. ‘Keithsform’)      [Norwegian Sunset Maple]      Common Name List
      (plant habit and flowers, spring)  (plant habit, summer)  (leafy branches)  (leaves and fruit)
      (leaves and fruit)  (leaves and fruit, comparison)  (plant habit and branches, fall)  (leaf, fall)
      (buds, winter)  (info)
Pacific Sunset™    (syn. ‘Warrenred’)      [Pacific Sunset Maple]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (plant habit and growing shoots)  (leaf)  (leaf, upper and lower)
      (plant habit, fall)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaf, fall)  (leaf, fall)  (twigs and buds, winter)  (info)

Acer velutinum [Velvet Maple] Common Name List
(plant habit) (flower cluster and leaves) (leaves) (trunk, bark and winter twig, bud) (info)

Actinidia	Actinidiaceae
	ak-ti-NID-e-a

Some 40 species of deciduous vines with chambered pith. Winter buds are small and hidden in the enlarged base of the petiole. Leaves simple, alternate, usually with long petioles. Flowers white, yellow or reddish, usually 4-5 parted, dioecious or polygamous (unisexual or bisexual flowers borne on the same plant). Fruit, a berry, glabrous or pubescent, round or oblong, many seeded. Several species are grown for their edible fruit, especially A. arguta (Hardy Kiwi) and A. delicosa (Kiwifruit). Native to eastern Asia.
Actinidia: from the Greek aktis, a ray, a reference to the styles which radiate like the spokes of a wheel.

Actinidia kolomikta      [Kolomikta Actinidia]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, vine)  (plant habit, shrub)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (male flowers)
      (winter twig, buds)  (info)

Adansonia	Bombacaceae
Baobab	ad-an-SOH-nee-uh

Adansonia digitata      [Baobab, African Baobab, Monkey-bread Tree]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, just leafing out)  (plant habit)  (canopy with developing fruit)  (leafy branches)
      (shoots)  (leaf)  (leaves)  (developing fruit)  (mature fruit)  (mature fruit, cut open)  (trunk, bark)
      (info)

Adenium	Apocynaceae
Desert Rose	a-DEE-nee-um

A single species in this genus (see below).
Adenium: from Arab, Aden, name for the plant.

Adenium obesum [Desert Rose, Desert or Mock Azalea] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers and leaves) (flower and buds) (flower) (leaves) (info)

Adenocarpus	Fabaceae (legume)
Silver Broom	a-deen-o-KAR-pus

About 20 species of shrubs and occasionally small trees, to about 15 ft (~4 m) Leaves compound, trifoliate (3 leaflets), in dense whorls, ovate or obovate, pubescent below. Flowers in terminal clusters, petals golden-yellow, 10 stamens. Fruit a narrow, oblong, flat pod, sparsely or densely glandular. Native to the Mediterranean, Asia Minor and northern and western Africa.
Adenocaprus: from the Greek aden, a gland, and karpos, fruit, a reference to the glandular pods.

Adenocarpus decorticans [Silver Broom, Flatpod, Rascavieja] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers and leaves) (leaves) (info)

Aesculus	Hippocastanaceae (Horsechestnut or Buckeye Family)
Buckeye, Horsechestnut	ES-ku-lus

About 15 deciduous species of trees or shrubs. Leaves opposite, palmately compound, 5-11 leaflets, the middle leaflet often largest. Flowers white, yellow, pink or red in erect terminal clusters, calyx 5-lobed, 4-5 petals. Fruit smooth, scaly, or spiny, with 1-6 seeds, seed light or dark brown with a conspicuous lighter circular patch.
Aesculus: the classical Latin name for an oak with edible acorns, applied to this genus by Linnaeus.

Aesculus californica      [California Buckeye]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, summer)  (leaf)  (flower cluster and leaves)  (flower cluster and flowers)
      (start of fruit development)  (developing fruit cluster)  (plant habit, summer deciduous)
      (low tree habit, winter)  (shrub habit, winter)  (fruit)  (fruit and seeds)  (buds)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Aesculus × carnea      [Red Flowering Horsechestnut]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (leaves and flower clusters)  (leaves and flower clusters, comparison)
      (flower cluster and flowers)  (developing fruit)  (plant habit, summer)  (leafy shoot)  (leaf)  (leaves)
      (leaves, comparison)  (leaves and fruit)  (plant habit and leaves, fall)  (fruit and seeds, fall)  (trunk, bark)
      (winter buds, comparison)  (info)

A cultivar of Aesculus × carnea:
'O'Neill Red' [O'Neill Red Horsechestnut]
(leaves and flower clusters) (flower clusters and flowers) (info)

Aesculus flava   (A. octandra)   [Yellow Buckeye]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, young tree)  (leaf)  (leaf)  (trunk, bark)  (winter twig, buds)
      (info)

Aesculus glabra      [Ohio Buckeye]     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (leaf)  (leaf, underside)  (leaves and fruit)  (fruit and leaves)
      (plant habit, fall)  (leaf, fall)  (twig and buds, fall)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

A botanical var. of Aesculus glabra:
  Aesculus glabra var. arguta   (syn. Aesculus arguta)  [Texas Buckeye]   Common Name List
        (plant habit, spring flowering)  (flower cluster and leaves)  (leaf)
        (plant habit, fruiting, and fruit and leaves)  (plant habit and fruit, Sept.)
        (opening fruit, Sept.)  (winter twigs and buds)  (info)

Aesculus hippocastanum       [Horsechestnut]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, spring flowering)  (flowering branches)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (flowers)
      (plant habit, summer)  (developing fruit)  (leaves and fruit)  (leaves)  (leaves, comparison)
      (fruit)  (fruit at seed drop)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (fruit and seeds, fall)
      (trunk, bark)  (winter buds, comparison)  (buds, early spring)  (info)

A cultivar of Aesculus hippocastanum:

flower cluster and leaves

plant habit

plant habit, with new growth

Aesculus parviflora      [Bottlebrush Buckeye]       Common Name List
      (plant habit, summer flowering)  (plant habit, summer flowering)  (flower clusters)
      (flower cluster and flowers)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (leaf, underside)  (info)

Aesculus pavia      [Red Buckeye, Red-flowering Buckeye]       Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (leaves and flower cluster)  (leaf)  (leaflet)
      (flower cluster and leaves)  (flower cluster and flowers)  (plant habit, summer)  (leaf and margin, summer)
      (leaves and fruits)  (young fruit)  (fruit)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (winter twigs, buds)  (info)

Aesculus sylvatica      [Painted Buckeye, Georgia Buckeye]       Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (leaves)  (fruit and leaves)
      (trunk, bark)  (plant habit, winter)   (winter twig, buds)  (info)

Ailanthus	Simaroubaceae
	a-LAN-thus

Five species of deciduous trees and shrubs, leaves are alternate, odd-pinnately compound, with as many as 40 leaflets, each with a few large teeth near base and a gland below. Native to east and southeast Asia to Australia.
Ailanthus: from ailanto, an Indonesian name for A. molucuanna or A. intergrifolia, meaning Tree of Heaven, or "reaching for the sky", referring to tree height. Also a Latin superlative meaning very high or tallest.

Ailanthus altissima      [Tree of Heaven]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, summer)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (leaflets)  (leaf, comparison with Juglans nigra)
      (male flowers and leaves)  (female and bisexual flowers)  (bisexual flower and developing fruit)
      (plant habit, after flowering)  (maturing fruit (seeds))  (leaves and fruit (seeds))  (trunk, bark)
      (plant habit, winter)  (fruit clusters, winter)  (remnant flower clusters, winter)  (buds, winter)  (info)

Ajuga reptans [Carpet Bugle] Common Name List
(ground cover, flowering) (plant habit, flowering) (leaves and flowers) (info)

Akebia	Lardizabalaceae
Chocholate Vine, Akebia	a-KE-be-a

A genus of 4-5 species of evergreen or deciduous vines. Leaves alternate, palmately compound, 3-5 leaflets. Flowers unisexual, male and female in the same pendulous cluster, larger female (pistilate) flowers at the base, they are without petals but rather have 3-4 petaloid sepals that are brown-violet. Fruit are fleshy, ovoid-oblong, purple or violet. Native to Japan, Korea, and China. The more readily available forms are A. quinata, A. trifoliata, and a hybrid of these two known as A. × pentaphylla
Akebia: Japanese name for the plants.

Akebia quinata      [Five-leaf Akebia, Five-leaf Akebin]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (plant habit, on wire trellis)  (leaves)  (flower cluster)  (flowers)
      (developing fruit and leaves)  (mature fruit and leaves)  (info)

Albizia	Fabaceae, Leguminosa
	al-BIZ-ee-a

From 100 to 150 species in the tropics and subtopics, deciduous shrubs and trees, generally fast growing, and occasionally with thorns. Leaves are compound, bipinnate, with numerous leaflets. Mostly native to old world tropics. A. julibrissin is the hardiest species and very common in the more mild temperate climates.
Albizia: after Filipppo degli Albizzia, a Florentine nobleman who introduced this genus into cultivation in Tuscany.

Albizia julibrissin      [Silk Tree, Mimosa Tree]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, late spring)  (plant habit, summer)  (leaf)  (leaflets)  (leaf, comparison, summer)
      (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (branches and flowers)  (opening flower cluster)
      (flowers)  (fruit development)  (leaf, comparison, fall)  (fruit, fall)  (fruit, winter)  (winter twigs and buds)
      (trunk, bark)  (info)

A red leaf form of Albizia julibrissin:
‘Summer Chocolate’ [Summer Chocolate Silk Tree]
(plant habit) (leaves) (leaflets, comparison) (info)

Alnus	Betulaceae
Alder	AL-nus

Some 35 species of deciduous trees and shrubs having stalked winter buds. Leaves alternate, serrate or dentate, often with prominent veins, straight and parallel. Flowers monoecious, in separate male and female catkins; male catkins longer, narrowly cylindrical, often clustered at shoot tips. Female catkins in clusters of 1-6, short, erect, but later often spreading or pendulous and woody cone-like (but differing structurally from conifer cones). The roots of many species from associations with soil bacteria to fix nitrogen from the air and subsequently enhance the fertility of the soil. Native to the Northern Hemisphere from the subarctic to the Himalayas and Andes, extending into the Southern Hemisphere in Peru.
Alnus: Latin name for alder.

Alnus cordata   [Italian Alder]       Common Name List
      (cones and catkins, winter)  (male catkins and cones, winter)  (cones and seeds)  (male catkins, spring)
      (female and male catkins)  (plant habit and trunk, bark)  (leaves)  (leaf, upper surface and margin)
      (developing cones)  (info)

Alnus glutinosa   [Common Alder, Black Alder]       Common Name List
      (flower clusters and cones, spring)  (plant habit)  (leaves)  (leaves)  (cones and leaves)
      (trunk, bark)  (plant habit, winter)  (winter twigs; catkins, cones and buds)  (info)

A dissected form of Alnus glutinosa:
‘Laciniata’ [Cutleaf Alder] Common Name List
(leaves) (info)

Alnus incana ssp. rugosa (syn. Alnus rugosa) [Speckled or Smooth Alder] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (young cones and leaves) (trunk, bark) (info)

Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia (syn. Alnus tenuifolia) [Thinleaf or Mountalin Alder] Native List Common Name List
(leaves) (leaves and margin) (info)

Alnus japonica   [Japanese Alder]       Common Name List
      (plant habit, spring flowering (catkins))  (catkins)  (plant habit, summer)  (leafy branch)  (leaves)
      (leaf)  (cones and male catkins, Sept.)  (leaves and male catkins, Oct.)  (spent cones)  (trunk, bark)
      (winter twig, buds)  (info)

Alnus rhombifolia   [White Alder]  Native List     Common Name List
      (plant habit, spring)  (flower clusters (catkins), spring)  (plant habit, summer)  (leafy shoot, July)
      (leaf)  (leaves, comparison)  (margin, comparison) (developing cones, July)  (leafy shoot, Sept.)
       (cones, fall)  (trunks, bark)  (older trunk, bark)  (spent cones, comparison)  (twigs and buds, winter)
       (info)

Alnus rubra   [Red Alder]  Native List     Common Name List
      (male catkins, near pollen release)  (flower clusters (catkins), spring)  (plant habit, summer)  (shoot)
      (leaves)  (leaf margin)  (leaves, comparison)  (leaf margin, comparison)  (seed cone development)
      (bud, twig, branch, late summer)  (spent cones, comparison)  (trunk, bark)  (twigs and buds, winter)
      (info)

A dissected form of Alnus rubra:
A. r. f. pinnatisecta [Cutleaf Red Alder] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (leaf) (leaf, underside) (leaf margin) (info)

Alnus rugosa see Alnus incana ssp. rugosa [Speckled or Smooth Alder]

Alnus sinuata   (syn. A. viridis ssp. sinuata)  [Sitka Alder]  Native List    Common Name List
      (female and male catkins)  (plant habit, summer)  (leafy shoot)  (leaf and buds)  (leaf margin, surface)
      (leaves, cones and catkins)  (stem)  (info)

Alnus tenuifolia see Alnus incana ssp. tenuifolia [Thinleaf or Mouintain Alder]

Amelanchier	Rosaceae
Serviceberry, Sarvissberry, Juneberry	am-e-LANG-kee-er

About 25 species of deciduous shrubs or small trees. Leaves alternate, simple, entire or sharply serrate. Flowers white in small clusters (racemes), 5 petals, 10-20 stamens, and 2-5 pistils. Fruit globose, purple to maroon. Native to North America, Europe and Asia.
Amelanchier: the French name for A. ovalis.
Serviceberry: "It is from the fruits that the Sarrvissberry takes its name, for the word is a transformation of the sorbus given by the Romans to a related kind of fruit. Sarviss is a good Shakespearean English form of the most classic Latin, whereas Serviceberry is meaningless as a name, or is at least a genteel corruption of an older and more scholarly form." (Peattie, 1966, p. 336).

Amelanchier alnifolia   [Western or Pacific Serviceberry, Saskatoon Berry]  Native List
    Common Name List
      (plant habit, spring flowering)  (plant habit, spring flowering)  (flowers and leaves)
      (flower)  (leaves at petal fall)  (fruiting branches, summer)  (fruit and leaves)
      (leaves, fall)  (twig and buds, winter)  (info)

A popular selection of Amelanchier alnifolia:
   ‘Regent’   [Regent Serviceberry or Saskatoon]       Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering in spring)  (plant habit, after flowering)
      (leaves and developing fruit)  (info)

Amelanchier canadensis [Shadblow, Shadblow Serviceberry, Thicket Serviceberry] Common Name List
(plant habit, fall) (leaves, fall) (twig, buds) (info)

Amelanchier × grandiflora [Apple Serviceberry] Common Name List
(info)

Two selection of Amelanchier × grandiflora:

Autumn Brilliance®   [Autumn Brilliance Serviceberry]
     (flowering branches)  (flowers)  (plant habit, tree form)  (leaves)  (leaves)  (leaf margins)
     (leaves and developing fruit, late spring)  (plant habit, fruiting shrub, early summer)
     (leaves and fruit, early summer)  (leaves, fall)  (trunk, bark)  (info)
‘Forest Prince’   [Forest Prince Serviceberry]
     (fruiting branch, early summer)  (leaves and fruit, early summer)  (leaf)
     (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (info)

Amelanchier laevis   [Allegheny Serviceberry]  Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flowering branches)  (young leaves and flowers)  (flowers)
      (leafy shoot after petal fall)  (leaf)  (plant habit and trunk)  (mature leaves)  (trunks, bark)  (info)

Amorpha	Fabaceace (legume) (Pea Family)
	a-MOR-fa

A genus of some 15 species of deciduous shrubs. Leaves alternate, compound (odd-pinnate), small leaflets, entire margins. Flowers small, in dense terminal clusters, whitish, bluish-violet, or dark purple. Fruit a short pod, usually 1-seeded. Native to North America.
Amorpah: from the Greek amorphos, deformed, shapless; alluding to the incomplete corolla, only has one petal, others aborted.

Amorpha nana [Fragrant False Indigo] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leafy shoot) (leaf) (fruit cluster and leaves) (info)

Ampelopsis	Vitaceace (Grape Family)
	am-pe-LOP-sis

About 20-25 species of deciduous vines often having tendrils, branches have lenticels and white pith. Leaves opposite, simple or compound. Flowers small greenish, usually 5 parted, in long stalked clusters (cyme). Fruit a berry with 1-4 seeds. Native to North America and Asia.
Ampelopsis: from the Greek ampelos, grape, and opsis, appearance, a reference to its resemblance to grape vine.

Ampelopsis brevipedunculata [Porcelain Ampelopsis] Common Name List
(plant habit) (plant habit) (leaves and flowers) (leaf) (fruit and leaves) (info)

A variegated selection of Ampelopsis brevipeduculata:
‘Elegans’ [Elegans Porcelain Amphelopsis]
(plant habit and leaves) (leaves and fruit) (leaves) (info)

Andromeda	Ericaceae
Bog Rosemary	an-DROM-e-da

Two species of low evergreen shrubs (A. glaucophylla and A. polifolia). Leaves simple, alternate, linear-lance sphaped to oblong, short petioled. Flowers small, white or pink, urn-shaped, 5-lobed, nodding, in terminal clusters (umbels). Fruit a capsule, 5-segmented, somewhat spherical. Native to cool-temperate regions of the Northen Hemisphere.
Andromeda: after the mythological maiden who was chained to a rock as an offering to the sea-monster and rescued by Perseus.

Andromeda polifolia [Bog Rosemary] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers and leaves) (plant habit, summer) (info)

Aralia	Araliaceae
	a-RAH-lee-a

Some 40 species of deciduous or evergreen herb, shrubs, vines or trees, often bristly or prickly. Leaves simple or pinnately compound, alternately or spirally arranged, leaflets often stalked and toothed. Flowers in clusters, usually terminal, small, green, yellow, or white. Fruit small, round, often shiny black. Native to southern and eastern Asia, Malaysia and the Americas.
Aralia: from the French-Canadian name aralie.

Aralia elata    [Angelica Tree, Japanese Angelica Tree]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, summer flowering)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (leaf)  (plant habit, fruiting)
      (leaf and fruit clusters)  (fruit clusters and leaves)  (ripe and unripe fruit)  (trunk, bark and "thorns")  (info)

Araucaria	Araucariaceae
	a-row-KAH-ree-a

Some 20 species of evergreen trees, whorled leaves, columnar or widely branching and conical, to 200 ft (60 m) tall. Leaves broadly-triangular to needle-like, stiff, uniformly clothing the branches. Native to the southwestern Pacific and South America. Probably the most common species found in U.S. commerce are A. araucana, Monkey Puzzle; A. bidwillii, Bunya-Bunya; and A. heterophylla, Norfolk Island Pine.
Araucaria: after the Arauco Indians of central Chile, in whose territory the species A. araucana is native.

Araucaria araucana    [Monkey Puzzle Tree]      Common Name List
      (in habitat, Chile)  (plant habit)  (plant habit, branches, cones)  (branch, leaves)
      (trunk)  (info)

Araucaria cunninghamii    [Hoop Pine]     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (trunk and branches)  (branches)  (branchlets)  (branchlets)  (leaves)
      (fruiting branch)  (male and female cones)  (young stem)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Araucaria heterophylla [Norfolk Island Pine] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branch) (leaves) (trunk, bark) (info)

Arbutus	Ericaceae
	ar-BU-tus

About 15 species of evergreen trees or shrubs (including the ornamental "strawberry trees"), bark on branches and young stems is smooth and exfoliating, often reddish. Leaves alternate, flowers are in panicles, and the fruit is a berry-like drupe with mealy flesh, usually granular on the outside. Found in southwest Ireland, Canary Islands, southeastern Europe, Mediterranean region, western North America, Mexico, and Central America.
Arbutus: old Latin name, possibly for Strawberry Tree.

Arbutus menziesii   [Pacific Madrone]  Native List     Common Name List
      (a stand in a western Oregon forest)  (older tree in a western Oregon forest)  (plant habit)
      (shoots and leaves)  (leaves and developing flower clusters)  (plant habit, flowering and fruiting)
      (flower clusters)  (early fruit development)  (leaves, immature and mature fruit)  (mature fruit)
      (trunks, bark)  (info)

Arbutus unedo      [Strawberry Tree]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, summer)  (leaves)  (plant habit, fall)  (flowers and leaves)
      (developing fruit)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves and fruit)  (leaves and fruit)
      (bark, stem and trunk)  (info)

Arctostaphylos	Ericaceae
Bearberry, Manzanita	ark-tow-STAF-i-los

Mostly evergreen shrubs, partly procumbent, or small trees, twigs densely foliate, often curvy with smooth reddish or brownish bark. Leaves alternate, simple, usually entire and obtuse. Flowers in terminal, nodding, clusters (panicles or racemes), pitcher shaped, 8-10 stamens enclosed. Fruit a berry-like drupe with 4-10 nutlets. Some 50-70 species in Northern and Central America, mostly in California. However, two species are circumpolar (A. alpinus and A. uva-ursi).
Arctostaphylos: from Greek arktos, a bear, and staphyle, a bunch of grapes (bears said to eat the fruit).

Arctostaphylos andersonii [Santa Cruz Manzanita] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves and developing flowers) (stem) (info)

Arctostaphylos ‘Austin Griffiths’ [Austin Griffiths Manzanita] Common Name List
(flowering branches) (flowers and leaves) (leaf) (info)

Arctostaphylos bakeri subsp. bakeri [Baker Manzanita] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leafy branch) (info)

A selection of Arctostaphylos bakeri subsp. bakeri:

‘Louis Edmunds’ [Louis Edmunds Manzanita] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (info)

Arctostaphylos canescens [Hoary Manzanita] Common Name List
(plant habit) (shoot and leaf) (info)

Arctostaphylos columbiana   [Hairy Manzanita]  Native List   Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (leaves)  (developing flower clusters, fall to sping)  (plant habit, spring flowering)
      (plant habit, spring flowering)  (foliage and flowers)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (in habitat,summer)
      (young leaves,summer)  (immature fruit)  (leaves and fruit)  (mature fruit cluster)  (bark)  (info)

Arctostaphylos confertiflora [Santa Rosa Island Manzanita] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leafy shoots) (leaves, stem) (info)

Arctostaphylos densiflora [Sonoma or Vinehill Manzanita] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (flowers and leaves) (info)

A selection of Arctostaphylos densiflora:

‘Howard McMinn’ [Howard McMinn Manzanita] Common Name List
(plant habit, spring flowering) (leaves and flowers) (flower clusters) (leafy shoot) (leaves) (info)

Arctostaphylos edmundsii [Little Sur Manzanita] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves and flowers) (leaf) (info)

Arctostaphylos hookeri [Hooker's Manzanita] Common Name List
(info)

A subspecies of Arctostaphylos hookeri:

A. h. subsp. franciscana [Franciscan Manzanita] Common Name List
(plant habit) (plant habit) (leaves) (leaves and flowers) (info)

Arctostaphylos insularis [Island Manzanita] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leafy shoot) (leaf) (info)

Arctostaphylos manzanita     [Parry Manzanita, Manzanita]     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (shoot, leaves and developing flower cluster)  (leaf)  (info)

    A selection of Arctostaphylos manzanita:

‘St. Helena’ [St. Helena Manzanita] Common Name List
(shoots) (leaf) (info)

Arctostaphylos montaraensis [Montara Manzanita] Common Name List
(plant habit) (flowers and leaves) (stem) (info)

Arctostaphylos montereyensis [Monterey Manzanita] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves, growing shoot and stem) (info)

Arctostaphylos nevadensis [Pinemat Manzanita] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branches and flowers) (leaves) (leaves) (leaves and flowers) (info)

Arctostaphylos pajaroensis      [Pajaro Manzanita]      Common Name List
      (info)

     A selection of Arctostaphylos pajaroensis:

'Brett's Beauty' [Brett's Beauty Manzanita]

Arctostaphylos patula   [Green Manzanita]  Native List   Common Name List
      (in habitat)  (plant habit, flowering)  (leaves)  (flowers and leaves)  (immature and mature fruit)
      (info)

Arctostaphylos pumila [Sandmat or Dune Manzanita] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (leafy shoot) (info)

Arctostaphylos pungens [Pointleaf or Mexican Manzanita] Common Name List
(plant habit) (flowers and leaves) (info)

Arctostaphylos refugioensis [Refugio Manzanita] Common Name List
(plant habit) (stems and leaves) (leaf) (info)

Arctostaphylos rudis [Shag Bark or Sand Mesa Manzanita] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves and flowers) (leaf) (branch, trunk, bark) (info)

Arctostaphylos tomentosa [Wolly or Woollyleaf Manzanita] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leafy shoots) (leaf, underside) (info)

Arctostaphylos uva-ursi   [Kinnikinnik, Kinnikinick, Bearberry]  Native List   Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (branches)  (shoots, two selections)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers and leaves)
      (flowering branchlets, three selections)  (leaves, from three selections)  (branches)  (leaves and fruit)  (info)

Selections of Arctostaphylos uva-ursi:

‘Massachusetts’ [Massachusetts Kinnikinnik] Common Name List
(leaves and fruit) (info)
‘Point Reyes’ [Point Reyes Kinnikinnik] Common Name List
(shoot tips) (leafy shoot) (leaves and flowers) (fruit and leaves) (info)
‘San Bruno Mountain’ [San Bruno Mountain Kinnikinnik] Common Name List
(leaves and flowers) (fruit and leaves) (info)

Arctostaphylos viridissima ‘White Cloud’  [White Cloud McMinn's Manzanita]  Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (shoot and flower cluster)  (seed cluster and stem)
      (leaves and stem)  (info)

Ardisia	Myrsinaceae
	ar-DIZ-i-a

About 250 species of evergreen, small trees, shrubs, subshrubs, some more or less climbing. Leaves simple, in spirals or whorls, short petioles, margins entire or toothed. Flowers small, white, pink, or violet, in pendulous clusters (corymbs), calyx and corolla 5-parted, 5 stamens. Fruit a small, globose, fleshy drupe, 1-seeded. Native to tropical and warm temperate areas of Asia, Australia and the Americas.
Ardisia: from Latin ardis, a point, a reference to the acutely pointed anthers.

Ardisia japonica [Japanese Ardisia, Marlberry] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (flowers and fruit) (info)

Aronia	Rosaceae
Chokeberry	a-RO-nee-a

Two species of deciduous shrubs native to North America, A. arbutifolila and A. melanocarpa, in addition there is a hybrid of these species, A. × prunifolia, which is sometimes listed as a species. Leaves alternate, simple, crenate margins, with blackish glands on the midrib above. Flowers white or pink, in small clusters (corymbs), 5 petals, anthers purple, 5 pistils. Fruit is a small pome, with persistent calyx tips.
Aronia: from the Greek aria, a name for Whitebeam, Sorbus aria, the fruit of which resembles that of Aronia.

Aronia arbutifolia      [Red Chokeberry]       Common Name List
      (info)

  A selection of Aronia arbutifolia:

‘Brilliantissima’      [Brilliant Red Chokeberry]       Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flowering branch)  (flowers and leaves)  (flowers)  (plant habit)
      (plant habit, tree form)  (leafy shoot)  (leaves)  (plant habit and ripening fruit, fall)
      (plant habit, late fall)  (leaves, late fall)  (mature fruit)  (info)

Aronia melanocarpa      [Black Chokeberry]       Common Name List
      (plant habit, spring flowering)  (flowers and leaves)  (leaves, flowers and fruit)
      (leaves and fruit, summer)  (fall color)  (leaves, fall)  (leaves and fruit, fall)
      (plant habit, winter)  (fruit and buds, winter)  (twig and buds, winter)  (info)

Artemisia	Compositae, Asteraceae
Sagebrush, Woodworm	ar-te-MIZ-i-a

Some 400 species of annuals, perennials, subshrubs, and shrubs, occassionally tree-like, usually aromatic. Leaves alternate, from simple unlobed to more commonly palmately and pinnately compound, often whitish-silver, hairy. Generally many small flowers per cluster.
Artemisia: after the Greek goddess Artemis.

Artemisia tridentata   [Big Sagebrush]  Native List    Common Name List
      (typical habitat)  (plant habit)  (branches, preflowering)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (plant habit, late summer)
      (branches)  (flower buds and leaves)  (flowers and leaves, fall)  (in habitat, fall)  (plant habit, fall)
      (fruit clusters, fall)  (info)

Asimina	Annonaceae
Pawpaw, Custard Apple	a-SIM-i-na

A genus of 10 or so species of evergreen or deciduous shrubs or small trees. Leaves alternate, simple, relatively large. Flowers axillary, solitary or few, nodding, on short stalks. Fruit one or a few oval to oblong berries with large seeds in 1 or 2 ranks. Native to North America, most speices found in soutern regions, especially Florida.
Asimina: a Latinize version of a French form of a Native American name.

Asimina triloba      [Common PawPaw]     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (leafy branches)  (leaves)  (flowers)  (fruit and leaves)
      (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (dormant twig, buds)  (info)

Atriplex	Chenopodiaceae
Salt Bush, Orach	AH-tri-plex

A genus of some 100 species of shrubs, subshrubs, or annuals which are usually gray or white. Leaves alternate or opposite, flat, toothed or lobed, sometimes entire. Flowers small, usually unisexual, in terminal clusters. Widely distributed in temperate and subtropical regions, often in deserts and salt marshes, adapted to alkaline or high salt conditions.
Atriplex: Latin name for these plants.

Atriplex hymenelytra [Desert Holly] Common Name List
(in its habitat) (leaves) (leaves and fruit) (info)

Aucuba	Cornaceae (Dogwood Family)
Aucuba	aw-KU-ba

A genus of 3-4 species of broadleaf, evergreen, dioecious shrubs or small trees, forming a rounded habit; thriving in almost any soil or situation. Leaves opposite, lanceolate, glossy, entire or serrate. Includes A. chinensis, shrub; A. himalaica, tree; and the much more common A. japonica.
Aucuba: the Japanese name for the plant.

Aucuba japonica      [Japanese Aucuba]     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (leaves and fruit)  (fruiting branch)  (info)

   Several variegated selections of Aucuba japonica:

‘Mr. Goldstrike’ [Mr. Goldstike Aucuba] Common Name List
(leaves) (info)
‘Picturata’ [Picturata Aucuba] Common Name List
(leaves) (info)
‘Variegata’      [Gold Dust Plant]     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (foliage)  (leafy shoot)  (flowers and expanding leaves)
      (leaves and fruit)  (info)

Azadirachta	Meliaceae
	a-za-DI-rek-ta(?)

Two species of trees in the mahogany (Meliaceae) family, A. indica and A. excelsa.
Azadirachta: apparently derived from the Persian 'azad darakht' meaning 'nobel tree'.

Azadirachta indica [Neem, Margosa Tree] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leafy shoot) (leaves) (leaf) (leaflets) (branch) (trunk) (info)

Azara	Flacourtiaceae
Azara	a-ZA-rah

Ten speices of evergreen shrubs or small trees with small, petalless, fragrant flowers. Leaves simple, alternate or sub-opposite, usually glossy, margins entire or toothed. Native to South America, especially Argentina and Chile.
Azara: after J.N. Azara (1734-1804), a Spanish patron of science.

Azara microphylla       [Boxleaf Azara]      Common Name List
      (plant habit and leafy branches)  (leafy branch)  (leaves)  (in flower and flowering shoots)
      (flowers and leaves)  (info)

A variegated selections of Azara microphylla:

‘Variegata’ [Variegated Azara] Common Name List
(leafy branch) (leaves) (info)

Baccharis	Asteraceae
Groundsel-shrub	BAK-har-is

Perennials, subshrubs, shrubs, or trees, some 350–450 species, through the temperate regions of the Western Hemisphere, especially in South America, grow to 0.10–6 m high, usually dioecious - male and female plants. Stems usually erect or ascending, often resinous. Leaves alternate, blades 1- or 3-nerved, linear to obovate or rhombic, often gland-dotted and resinous. Flowers small, often inconspicuous and bunched into clusters, male (staminate) flowers white to pale yellow, female (pistillate) florets 20–150 per cluster, whitish.
Baccharis: in honor of the Roman god Bacchus, the god of wine, "allusion obscure, perhaps used originally for different plant".

Baccharis pilularis   [Coyote Bush or Brush]  Native List   Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (plant habit, flowering)  (leafy shoots)  (leaves)  (flowering shoots)  (flowers, male)
      (plant habit, winter)  (flowers, winter)  (info)

Bauhinia	Fabaceae (Leguminosae)
Orchid Tree, Mountain Emony	ba-HIN-ee-a

Some 250-300 species of trees, shrubs and vines. Leaves alternate, simple, kidney-shaped to bilobed. Flowers usually in terminal clusters, orchid-like with 5 irregular petals. Fruit oblong, leathery to woody pod. Found in the tropics and subtropics in the Old and New World.
Bauhinia: after the brothers Jean Bauhin (1541-1613) and Gaspard Bauhin (1560-1624), physicians and botanists.

Bauhinia variegata [Orchid Tree] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flower clusters and leaves) (flower) (leaf) (fruit and leaves) (fruit) (info)

Berberis	Berberidaceae
Barberry	BER-ber-is

This genus has numerous species of evergreen and deciduous shrubs with spiny stems and yellow wood. Leaves are simple (but now also compound, see below) with their margins often armed with spines. Flowers are yellow to dark orange-red, borne singly or in clusters, 6 sepals and petals in 2 ranks. Fruits ovoid to cylindrical, yellow, red or black-blue. Botanists have broadened the genus to include the Mahonia, which have compound leaves. Therefore, in the botanical literature Oregon Grape, Mahonia aquifolium, is known as Berberis aquifolium. However, in commercial horticulture it is still known, and sold, as Mahonia aquifolium. It and other Mahonia are listed under the traditional genus name in this web site.
Berberis: from berberys, the Arabic name for the fruit.

Berberis aquifolium see Mahonia aquifolium

Berberis buxifolia ‘Nana’       [Dwarf Magellan Barberry]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (branches, flowering)  (leaves and flowers)
      (flowering branches, comparison)  (leaves and thorns, comparison)  (info)

Berberis darwinii      [Darwin Barberry]    Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (leaves and flowers)  (flowers)  (flowering shoots and leaves, comparison)
      (immature and mature fruit)  (info)

Berberis Emerald Carousel^TM (‘Tara’) [Emerald Carousel Barberry] Common Name List
(plant habit, fall) (leaves and fruit, fall) (info)

Berberis fremontii    [Fremont Barberry]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, spring flowering)  (flower buds and leaves)  (flowers)  (plant habit and branches)
      (fruit cluster)  (fruit and leaves)  (leaf)  (leaf)  (info)

Berberis × gladwynensis ‘William Penn’ [William Penn Barberry] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (plant habit, fruiting) (developing fruit) (leaves and thorns) (info)

Berberis julianae      [Wintergreen Barberry]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, formal hedge)  (flowers and leaves)  (plant habit, summer)
      (leaves and thorns)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (leaves, fall)  (leaves and fruit, fall)  (info)

Berberis × mentorensis [Mentor Barberry] Common Name List
(plant habit) (flowers and expanding leaves) (leafy shoots) (info)

Berberis nervosa see Mahonia nervosa

Berberis pruinosa [Pruinosa Barberry] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves and fruit) (leaves) (info)

Berberis repens see Mahonia repens

Berberis replicata [Evergreen Barberry] Common Name List
(plant habit, winter) (leaves and spines) (flowers and leaves) (info)

Berberis × stenophylla [Rosemary Barberry] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (leaves and flowers) (info)

Two cultivars of Berberis × stenophylla:

Berberis × stenophylla ‘Irwinii’     [Irwini Rosemary Barberry]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (leaves and flowers)
      (flowering shoot)  (flowering shoot and leaves, comparison)  (leaves and fruit)  (info)

Berberis × stenophylla ‘Nana’ [Dwarf Rosemary Barberry] Common Name List
(leaves and flowers) (info)

Berberis thunbergii   [Japanese Barberry]   Common Name List
      (plant habit, summer)  (flowers and leaves, spring)  (branch and leaves)  (leaves and fruit, fall)
      (plant habit, fall)  (leaves and fruit, late fall)  (plant habit with fruit, early winter)  (fruit, winter)
      (plant habit, winter)  (winter twigs)  (info)

   A few green or yellow cultivars of Berberis thunbergii:

‘Aurea’ (plant habit, spring) (leafy shoots, spring) (leaves) (plant habit, early summer) (leafy shoot)
(plant habit, fall) (info)
Golden Nugget^TM (plant habit) (info)
‘Kobold’ (comparison with 'Crimson Pigmy') (info)
Sunsation^TM (leafy shoot) (info)

Red or purple selections of Berberis thunbergii:

Note:

Berberis thunbergii

atropurpurea

Berberis thunbergii

atropurpurea

RHS Dictonary of Gardening

atropurpurea

Berberis thunbergii

atropurpurea

Berberis thunbergii

Berberis thunbergii var. atropurpurea    (syn. B. t. 'Atropurpurea')
   [Purple (Red) Leaf Japanese Barberry]         Common Name List
      (several plants, spring flowering)  (plant habit, spring)  (leaves and flowers)  (plant habit, summer)
      (leaves)  (leaves and thorns)  (plant habit, fall)  (branch, fall)  (info)

Some additional red/purple leafed selections:

‘Crimson Pigmy’ (comparison with 'Kobald') (comparison with standard) (info)
‘Golden Ring’ (plant habit) (leafy shoot and leaf) (leaves, fall) (info)
‘Rose Glow’ (flowers and leaves, spring) (leaves, spring) (leaves and thorns)
(plant habit, summer) (leafy shoot, summer) (plant habit, winter fruiting) (fruit) (info)
Royal Burgundy™ (plant habit, fall) (info)

Berberis triacanthophora (syn. B. × wisleyensis) [Threespine Barberry] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves and thorns) (flowers and leaves) (info)

Berberis verruculosa      [Warty Barberry]     Common Name List
      (flowering branches, spring)  (flowers and thorns)  (plant habit, summer)  (leafy shoot)  (leaves)
      (thorns and underside leaves)  (leaves, fall)  (info)

Betula	Betulaceae
Birch	BET-u-la

About 60 species of deciduous trees and shrubs. Bark on trunks is frequently white or shades of gray to pink and brown. Leaves are alternate, usually ovate, serrate, dentate or lobed. Flowers monoecious, male catkins are long and cylindrical, well developed in fall, lengthen and release pollen in spring, the smaller female catkins are on shorter side shoots. Seeds mostly 3 per catkin scale, falling with scales in early fall. Found in the North temperate and arctic regions.
Betula: the Latin name. (Bundles of thin branches, common in Betula, were used as a whip for punishment, known as the birch!)

Betula albo-sinensis [Chinese Paper Birch, Chinese Red Birch] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (trunk, bark) (info)

Betula alleghaniensis      [Yellow Birch]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, spring)  (leaves and spent catkins)  (elongating shoot, leaves)  (spent cones and young leaves)
      (immature cones, late summer)  (cones, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (trunk, young and old bark)  (winter twig, buds)
      (info)

Betula davurica      [Dahurian or Asian Black Birch]     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (leaf and catkins, spring)  (leaf and fruit catkins, at seed release)  (leaf and branches)
      (large branch, bark)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Betula glandulosa [Dwarf Birch, Bog Birch] Native List Common Name List
(plant habit, summer) (leaves and developing cones, spring) (leaves and cones, summer) (info)

Betula jacquemontii    [Whitebarked Himalayan Birch]   Common Name List
      (plant habit, summer)  (leaves)  (leaves, "portrait")  (shoots, comparison with B. papyrifera)
      (leaves, comparison)  (plant habit, early fall)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (trunk, bark)
      (plant habit, winter)  (winter twigs, catkins and buds)  (info)

Betula lenta [Sweet or Cherry Birch] Common Name List
(plant habit, summer) (leaf) (branch and trunk, bark) (plant habit and trunk, fall) (info)

Betula maximowicziana      [Monarch Birch]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (leaf)  (leaves and catkins)  (leaf, fall)  (trunk, bark)
      (buds)  (info)

Betula nana [Dwarf Birch] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (info)

Betula nigra      [River Birch]      Common Name List
      (male catkins, spring)  (female flowers and male catkins)  (plant habit, tree cluster and trunks)
      (plant habit, large tree)  (leaves)  (leaves and young cones)  (leaves and cones at seed drop)
      (plant habit, fall)  (leaf, fall)  (trunk, bark)  (twigs and buds, winter)  (info)

Two selections of Betula nigra:

HeritageÔ      [Heritage River Birch]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, summer and fall)  (leaf, summer)  (leaves, fall)  (plant habit and bark, winter)
      (plant habit and bark, in snow)  (info)
Fox ValleyÔ (syn. 'Little King') [Fox Valley River Birch] Common Name List
(plant habit and bark, winter) (plant habit, summer) (plant habit and leaf, fall) (info)

Betula occidentalis [Water Birch] Native List Common Name List
(leaves) (leaves and catkins) (leaf) (leaf) (young trunk, bark) (trunks, bark) (info)

Betula papyrifera    [Paperbark Birch]  Native List     Common Name List
      (catkins, spring)  (plant habit, summer)  (shoot, leaves)  (shoot, comparison)  (leaf and margin)
      (leaves, comparison)  (catkins, late summer)  (plant habit, fall)  (plant habit (trunks), late fall)
      (trunk, bark)  (peeled bark)  (winter twigs and buds)  (info)

NO PARKING --- and not only cars!

Betula pendula       [European White Birch]      Common Name List
      (catkins, spring)  (leaves, catkins and leaf, spring)  (plant habit, summer and winter)  (leafy shoot)
      (plant habit and leaves, fall)  (winter twigs,catkins and buds)  (trunk, bark)  (trunk, bark, older tree)  (info)

Three common cultivars of Betula pendula:

‘Laciniata’ [Cutleaf European White Birch] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (leaf) (leaves, comparison) (leaves, fall and bark) (info)
‘Purpurea’       [Purple European Birch]      Common Name List
     (plant habit, spring and summer)  (leaves)  (leaves (May), comparison with species)
     (leaves (Sept.), comparison with species)  (info)

‘Youngii’       [Young's Weeping Birch]     Common Name List
     (plant habit)  (leaves)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)
     (plant habit, winter)  (info)

Betula platyphylla   [Asian White Birch]      Common Name List
      (plant habit and leaves)  (leaf)  (leaf, underside)  (trunk, bark)
      (winter twig, buds)  (info)

A selection of Betula platyphylla:

Dakota Pinnacle® (syn. ‘Fargo’) [Dakota Pinnacle Asian White Birch] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (trunk, bark) (info)

Betula populifolia [Gray Birch] Common Name List
(info)

The most common selection:
   ‘Whitespire Senior’      [Whitespire Senior Gray Birch]      Common Name List
        (female (seed) catkins, spring)  (leaves and developing female catkin, May)
        (plant habit, winter)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Betula utilus var. jacquemontii see Betula jacquemontii

Brachyglottis	Compositae, Asteraceae
	bra-kee-GLO-tis

Some 30 species of trees, shrubs, vines and hebaceous perennials. Leaves are alternate. Flowers are usually in clusters, ray florets female, yellow to white; disc florets male and female, yellow to cream. Native to New Zealand and Tasmania.
Brachyglottis: brachys, short, and glottis, tongue, a reference to the short ray florets.

Brachyglottis greyi   (syn. Senecio greyi)    [Daisy Bush]
      (plant habit)  (leaves)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers)  (plant habit, fruiting)
      (fruit clusters and leaves)  (fruit (seed) clusters)  (info)

Buddleia or Buddleja	Scrophulariaceae, Buddlejaceae, Loganiaceae
Buddleia, Butterfly Bush	bud-LEE-a

About 100 species of mostly fast growing evergreen or deciduous shrubs, occasionally small trees, some are subshrubs or only herbaceous. Stems usually 4-sided. Leaves usually opposite, but B. alternifolia is alternate, lanceolate to ovate, short petioled. Flowers in long clusters and fruit a 2 valved capsule with many numerous, small seeds. About 100 species, mostly tropical or subtropical and evergreen, especially in East Asia; only B. globosa is native to South America.
Buddleia: after the Rev. Adam Buddle (1660-1715), an amateur English botanist.
Some authorities say that Linnaeus spelled the genus as Buddleja, and this is the way name appears in his Species Plantarum, published in 1753, in which the genus was first described. However, others argue that this "j"-spellng was the work of typesetters who used j's for i's, just as they used v's for u's. Jeff Gillman (Univ. of Minnesota) points out that in printed indexes of these early texts the alternate spellings were rarely used by typesetters. Unfortunately Species Plantarum does not contain an index. However, in Linnaeus' 1797 work on plant systematics, Systema vegetabilvm, Buddleia is spelled with an "i" in the index. So Gillman concludes that this is the spelling Linnaeus intended. Some current botanical references are adopting the "original 1753 spelling" (Gillman would call it the "original misspelling"). It is likely that horticultural publications in the U.S. will continue to spell the genus as Buddleia.

Buddleia alternifolia      [Alternate-leaf Butterfly Bush]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering branches)  (flower cluter and flowers)  (leafy shoot)  (plant habit, after flowering)
      (info)

Buddleia davidii       [Butterfly Bush]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (leaves)
      (flower clusters)  (flower cluster)  (shoot)  (flowering shoot)  (info)

Buddleia globosa      [Orange Butterfly Bush, Orange Ball Tree]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flowering branches)  (flower clusters)
      (leaves)  (info)

Bumelia lanuginosa [Gum Bumelia] see Sideroxylon lanuginosum

Buxus	Buxaceae
Boxwood	BUK-sus

About 70 species of abundantly branched evergreen shrubs or small trees. Leaves opposite -- (just like the u's in Buxus are on opposite sides of the x), small, short petioled, leathery, entire. Flowers inconspicuous, small, unisexual, monoecious, without petals, in dense axillary clusters. Fruit is a globose, 3-valved capsule. Found in Eurasia, tropical and South Africa, Caribbean, and Central America.
Buxus: a name used by Virgil for Common Boxwood (Buxus sempervirens)

Buxus bodinieri [Bodinier's Boxwood] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (info)

Buxus microphylla var. koreana [Korean Littleleaf Boxwood] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leafy shoots) (info)

Two common cultivars of Buxus microphylla var. koreana:

‘Winter Gem’ [Winter Gem Boxwood] Common Name List
(plant habit) (new and older shoots) (info)
‘Wintergreen’  [Wintergreen Boxwood]   Common Name List
           (syn. B. sinica var. insularis ‘Wintergreen’)
         (plant habit)  (leaves and fruit)  (info)

Buxus sempervirens      [Common Boxwood]     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (vigorous shoots)  (leafy shoot)  (flowers and leaves)
      (leaves and fruit, "portrait")  (shoots, comparison)  (info)

Two common cultivars of Buxus sempervirens:

‘Arborescens’      [Truetree Boxwood]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (plant habit, hedge)  (leaves)  (leaves)  (leaves, comparison)
      (info)
‘Suffruticosa’       [Edging Boxwood]      Common Name List
      (in landscape)  (old plants)  (plant habit, pruned)  (plant habit, unpruned)
      (shoots)  (leaves)  (leaves)  (info)

Some variegataed cultivars of Buxus sempervirens:
‘Aurea-pendula’ ‘Latifolia Maculata’ ‘Variegata’

Callicarpa	Verbenaceae
Beautyberry	kal-i-KAR-pa

About 140 species of evergreen or deciduous shrubs, occasionally a tree in its native habitat. Leaves opposite, dentate, often with stellate pubescence. Flowers small, white, red or purple, in axillary clusters (cymes). Fruit a berry-like drupe, 2-4 seeds, often brilliantly colored. Native to the tropics and subtropics from Asia, Australia, and North and Central America.
Callicarpa: from the Greek kallos, beauty, and karpos, fruit.

Callicarpa americana [American Beautyberry, French Mulberry] Common Name List
(info)

Callicarpa bodinieri     [Bodinier Beautyberry]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (flowering shoots)  (flowers and leaves)  (developing fruit and leaves)
      (plant habit, fall)  (fruit, fall)  (info)

Callicarpa dichotoma     [Purple Beautyberry]      Common Name List
      (plant habit,summer)  (branch, flowering)  (leaves and developing fruit)
      (plant habit, fall)  (fruit, fall)  (info)

Callicarpa japonica [Japanese Beautyberry] Common Name List
(plant habit,fall) (leaves and fruit) (fruit cluster and leaves) (info)

Calluna	Ericaceae
Scotch Heather, Scots Heather, Heather	ka-LU-na

Only one species in this genus, Calluna vulgaris. Widely distributed in the temperate regions of Europe, the British Isles, and Asia Minor. The floral emblem of the Scots.
Calluna: from the Greek kallunein, to clean or sweep, a reference to the common ancient practice of using heather branches as brooms.

Calluna vulgaris      [Scotch Heather]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (flowering branches)  (flowers)  (shoots, "portrait")
      (shoots, comparison)  (info)

Three cultivars of Calluna vulgaris with winter interest:

‘Firefly’ [Firefly Scotch Heather] Common Name List
(plant habit, winter) (info)
‘Robert Chapman’  [Robert Chapman Scotch Heather]  Common Name List
      (plant habit, winter)  (winter branches)  (winter branches)
      (plant habit, summer, flowering)  (flowering branch)  (info)
‘Wickwar Flame’ [Wickwar Flame Scotch Heather] Common Name List
(plant habit, winter) (shoots (leaves), winter ) (info)

Calocedrus	Cupressaceae (Cypress Family)
	kal-o-SED-rus

A small genus of only three species of evergreen trees. The branchlets are arranged in broad, flattened sprays. The leaves are scale-like, flattened, borne in opposite pairs. Monoecious, male flowers solitary and female flowers nearly globose. Cones are woody and ripen in the first year. One species, C. decurrens, is native to western North America, whereas the other two species are native to Asia, C. formosana, northern and central Taiwan, and C. macrolepsis, southwestern China and eastern Burma.

Calocedrus decurrens   [Incense Cedar]  Native List     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (plant habit, screen)  (branchlets)  (branchlets)  (leaves)  (branchlets, comparison)
      (leaves, comparison)  (branchlets and male cones)  (branchlets and female cones)
      (female cones, current season)  (female cone, previous season)  (male and female cones)
      (trunk, bark)  (trunk,bark, older tree)  (info)

A cultivar of Calocedrus decurrens:

‘Maupin Glow’ [Maupin Glow Incense Cedar] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branches, branchlets) (info)

Calycanthus	Calycanthaceae
Allspice, Spicebush, Sweetbush	kal-i-KAN-thus

A genus of 9 species of shrubs or small trees having aromatic bark. Leaves simple, opposite, and entire. Flowers solitary, 3-7 cm wide, sepals and petals similar and numerous, white, green, or dark brown-red. Fruit is a hard capsule. Native to the eastern (C. floridus) and southwest U.S. (C. occidentalis) and eastern China.
Calycanthus: from the Greek kalyx, calyx, and anthos, flower, a reference to the similarity of sepals and petals.

Calycanthus floridus      [Carolina Allspice, Common Sweetbush]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, spring flowering)  (opening flowers)  (flower)  (flower, inside)
      (leaves)  (developing fruit)  (plant habit, summer)  (expanding fruit fruit)
      (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (fruit, fall)  (fruit and seeds)
      (plant habit, twigs and buds, winter)  (info)

Calycanthus occidentalis   [Western Spicebush or Sweetbush, California Allspice]   Common Name List
      (plant habit, late spring)  (expanding leaves)  (flower bud and expanding leaves)  (plant habit, flowering)
      (plant habit, flowering in a landscape)  (flowering shoots)  (flower)  (mature leaves)  (plant habit, fall)
      (leaves, fall)  (winter twig, buds)  (info)

Calycanthus raulstonii ‘Hartlage Wine’    (syn. × Sinocalycalycanthus raulstonii ‘Hartlage Wine’)
       [Hartlage Wine Sweetbush or Allspice, Raulston's Allspice]  Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering, and flower bud)  (flowers and leaves)  (flowers and leaves)
      (flower)  (leaves)  (info)

Camellia	Theaceae
Camellia	ka-MEL-i-a

Mostly evergreen shrubs, some in tree form in their native habitat. Leaves are simple, alternate, short petioled, and with serrate margins. Flowers are bisexual, axillary, usually solitary or sometime 2-3 together, white, pink, red or multicolored. Fruit is a woody capsule. Native to SE Asia, China, Japan and India. The most common gardens species are C. japonica and C. sasasqua, but other garden species include C. cuspidata, C. hiemalis, C. reticulata and C. saluenensis. Hybrid camellias are developed from two or more species, often involving C. japonica and C. saluenensis and/or C. reticulata. One Camellia, Camellia sinensis (syn. Thea sinensis), is grown for its leaves, for it is the tea plant.
Camellia: after George J. Kamel, Asiatic traveller(1661-1706).

Camellia japonica      [Japanese Camellia]      Common Name List
      (flower buds and leaves)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers and leaves)  (plant habit, sheared, flowering)
      (flower and leaves)  (plant habit, flowering hedge)  (flower and leaves)  (flower and leaves)
      (flower and leaves)  (stem, comparison)  (fruit)  (info)

Some cultivars, some are hybrids:

‘April Kiss’	‘Bob Hope’	‘Carter's Sunburst’	‘Colonel Firey’
‘Coral Delight’	‘Debbie’	‘Dr. Clifford Parks’	‘E.G. Waterhouse’
‘Guilio Nuccio’	‘La Sonnambula’	‘Lovelight’	‘Nuccio's Bella Rossa’
‘Nuccio's Scarlet’	‘Pink Parade’	‘Shiro Chan’	‘Spring Festival’
‘Sunset Oaks’	‘Taylor's Perfection’	‘Tom Knudson’	‘Yuletide’
‘Water Lily’

Camellia sasanqua      [Sasanqua Camellia]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (leaves and buds)  (flowers and leaves)  (flowers)  (flower)
      (flower)  (flower)  (plant habit, summer)  (leaves and buds)  (leafy shoots)  (stem, comparison)
      (info)

Campsis	Bignoniaceae
Trumpet Creeper	KAMP-sis

Two species of deciduous vines, climbing by aerial roots. Leaves opposite, compound (odd-pinnate), leaflets serrated. Flowers funnelform to campanulate, tube curved and expanded to 6 mm diameter, orange, 4 stamens. Fruit a 2-valved, dehiscent capsule. Native to North America (Campsis radicans) and eastern Asia (Campsis grandiflora). There is also a hybrid between the two species, Campsis ×tagliabuana. It originated in the nursery of the Tabliabue brothers of Laniate, near Milan, Italy. Some consider the selection ‘Mme. Galen’ as one of the finer hybrids.
Campsis: from the Greek kampsis, bending, referring to the curved stamens.

Campsis radicans   [Trumpet Vine, Common Trumpet Creeper]      Common Name List
      ( plant habit, flowering)  ( plant habit, yellow flowering)  (flowers and leaves)
      (flowering shoot)  (leaf)  (flower buds and flowers)  (flowers)  (fruit)
      (fruit and seeds)  (winter twig, buds)  (info)

Caragana	Fabaceae, Leguminosae
Peashrub, Pea Shrub, Caragana	kar-a-GA-na

Some 80 species of deciduous shrubs and small trees. Leaves are alternate, often clustered, compound (pinnate), with 2-18 small, entire leaflets. Pea-like flowers are often lemon yellow, but may be white or pinkish. Fruit are slender, light brown pods. Native from southern Russia to China, Manchuria and Himalayas.
Caragana: the Mongolian name, karaghan, for C. arborescens.

Caragana arborescens [Siberian Peashrub, Caragana] Common Name List
(plant habit) (plant habit) (leaves and developing fruit) (leaf) (info)

A cultivar of Caragana arborescens:

‘Lorbergii’ [Lorberg Peashurb] Common Name List
(leafy branches) (leaves) (info)

Caragana frutex 'Globosa' [Globe Russian Peashrub, Globe Caragana] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (info)

Caragana pygmaea      [Pygmy Peashrub, Pygmy Caragana]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, spring flowering)  (flowering branches)  (leaves and flowers)  (plant habit, summer)
      (leaves and fruit)  (info)

Carissa	Apocynaceae
	kar-ISS-uh

About 20 species of evergreen shurbs and small trees; branches often spiny. Leaves simple, opposite, margin entire, leathery. Flowers white or pink, 5-petaled, fragrant. Fruit brightly colored, fleshy.
Carissa: possibly based on a native Indian name.

Carissa macrocarpa [Natal Plum] Common Name List
(plant habit) (flowers and foliage) (flower and leaf) (leaves) (spines) (unripe and ripe fruit) (info)

Carnegiea (often incorrectly as Carnegia)	Cactaceae
Saguaro	kar-ne-GEE-a

A single species in this genus (see below).
Carnegiea: dedicated to Andrew Carnegie (1835-1919), industrialist and philanthropist.

Carnegiea gigantea      [Saguaro]      Common Name List
      (in its habitat)  (plant habit, younger)  (plant habit, with branches)  (plant habit, many branches)
      (ribs and spines)  (remnant inner woody vascular structure)  (info)

Carpenteria	Saxifragaceae
Bush Anemone	kar-pen-TER-ree-uh

A single species, Carpenteria californica.

Carpenteria californica [Bush Anemone] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers) (flower) (leaves) (leaf) (after petal fall, developing fruit) (info)

Carpinus	Betulaceae (Birch Family)
Hornbeam	kar-PI-nus

Some 35 species of mostly deciduous trees or shrubs, gray, smooth or scaly bark, slender shoots, lacking a terminal bud. Leaves alternate, simple, in 2 rows, usually serrate, with 7-14 vein pairs. Female catkins terminal, erect at first, later pendulous, 5-20+ pairs. Fruit a small ribbed nutlet subtended by a persistent three-lobed or deeply toothed bract. Native ranges include Europe to East Asia and North and Central America.
Carpinus: classical Latin name.

Carpinus betulus      [European Hornbeam]      Common Name List
      (flower catkins, spring)  (fruit cluster and leaves, spring)  (plant habit, summer)
      (leaves)  (leaves and fruit clusters)  (leaves and fruit)  (leaves and fruit, comparison)
      (leaves and fruit, fall)  (trunk, bark)  (winter twig, buds)  (info)

Two selections of Carpinus betulus:

Emerald Avenue® [Emerald Avenue European Hornbeam] Common Name List
(plant habit and leaves, early fall) (info)

The most common cultivar of Carpinus betulus:

‘Fastigiata’    [Pyramidal European Hornbeam]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, young to old)  (plant habit and branches)  (leaves)  (plant habit, fall and early spring)
      (leaves, fall)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Carpinus caroliniana      [American Hornbeam]       Common Name List
      (plant habit, summer)  (leaves and fruit clusters)  (shoot with fruit cluster)  (leaves and fruit, comparison)
      (leaves and buds)  (plant habit, fall)  (fruit clusters, fall)  (leaves and fruit, fall)  (plant habit and leaves, fall)
      (leaves, fall)  (branch, winter)  (twigs and buds, winter)  (info)

Carpinus coreana [Korean Hornbeam] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leafy shoot) (leaf) (info)

Carpinus japonica      [Japanese Hornbeam]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, summer)  (plant habit, summer)  (leaves)  (fruiting branches)
      (leaves and fruit cluster)  (shoot, leaf and fruit, comparison)
      (leaf and fruit, comparison)  (leaves, fall)  (twig and buds, winter)  (info)

Carya	Juglandaceae
Hickory	KA-ri-a

About 25 of deciduous trees. Leaves alternate, compound (odd-pinnate), 3-17 leaflets, opposite, serrate. Flowers of both sexes on the same tree (monoecious), male (staminate) flowers in pendulous catkins and female (pistillate) flowers in terminal 2-10 flowered spikes. Fruit globose to oblong, with a husk separating into 4-5 parts; the enclosed nut is smooth or slightly wrinkled (rugose), often angled.
Carya: from the Greek karya, walnut.

Carya illinoinensis      [Pecan]     Common Name List
      (expanding leaves, spring)  (spent male catkins and leaves)  (female flowers)  (plant habit, summer)
      (leaves and developing fruit)  (leaves)  (developing fruit)  (leaves)  (leaflet)  (stem and buds, summer)
      (plant habit, winter)  (trunk, bark)  (old trunks, bark)  (winter twigs, buds)  (info)

Carya laciniosa      [Shellbark Hickory]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, summer and early fall)  (leaf)  (leaf margins)  (leaves and fruit)
      (fruit)  (buds, summer)  (leaves, fall)  (fruit, nut)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Carya ovata      [Shagbark Hickory]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, summer)  (leaves and fruit)  (leaves, from different trees)  (leaf)
      (leaf margin)  (developing fruit)  (summer buds and stems)  (plant habit, leaves and fruit, fall)
      (fruit and buds, fall)  (fruit and nuts)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Caryopteris	Verbenaceae
Bluebeard	kar-i-OP-ter-is

About six species of herbaceous perennials or shrubs, rambling or upright. Leaves simple, opposite, ovate to linear, aromatic. Flowers white, blue, or lavender, in clusters or sometime solitary, calyx deeply 5-lobed, corolla 5-lobed, 4 stamens. Fruit consisting of 4 nutlets, winged. Native to eastern Asia.
Caryopteris: from the Greek karyon, nut, and pteron, wing, a reference to the winged fruit.

Caryopteris × clandonensis [Bluebeard, Blue-spirea] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers and leaves) (info)

Castanea	Fagaceae
Chestnut	kas-TAH-ne-a

About 12 species of deciduous trees and shrubs, furrowed bark; terminal buds absent. Leaves alternate, usually conspicuously toothed, 2-ranked. Male flowers in erect or ascending catkins, female flowers usually at the base of male catkins. Fruit in clusters of 1-5, involucre or "burr" covered with branched spines, splitting open in 4 sections. Native to temperate regions of eastern North America and southern Europe and east to China and Japan.
Castanea: Latin for chestnut.

Castanea dentata      [American Chestnut]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, several trees)  (plant habit)  (foliage)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (leaf margin)  (start of flowering)
      (male flower clusters and leaves)  (male and female flowers)  (male catkin & flower/fruit)
      (male catkin senescence)  (developing fruit)  (stem and bud, summer)  (leaves and fruit, fall)
      (fruit, developing seed)  (leaves, fall)  (young trunk, bark)  (old trunk, bark)  (twig and buds, fall)
      (twigs and buds, winter)  (info)

Castanea mollissima      [Chinese Chestnut]     Common Name List
      (leafy shoot, early summer)  (flowering branches, early summer)  (leaves and male flowers)
      (male and female flowers)  (leafy shoots and fruit, summer)  (leaves and fruit)  (plant habit, fall fruiting)
      (fruit and leaves)  (plant habit, late fall)  (leaves, late fall)  (trunk, bark)  (twigs, buds, fall and winter)
      (fruit remnants, winter)  (info)

Castanea sativa [Sweet or European Chestnut] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (opening fruit) (fallen fruit) (fruit and nuts) (info)

Castanopis chrysophylla see Chrysolepis chrysophylla [Golden or Giant Chinkapin]

Catalpa	Bignoniaceae
Catalpa	ka-TAL-pa

A small genus of 11 species of deciduous, flowering trees, mostly wide spreading. Leaves are large, opposite or in whorls of 3, entire or shallowly 3-lobed, with red glandular spots on the lower surface. Foxglove-like flowers are borne in conspicuous clusters (panicles). Fruit is cylindrical, pendulous, persistent, and contains abundant flat seeds. Native to North America, Cuba, and southwest China.
Catalpa: apparently from Catawba, the name used by Native Americans of Georgia and Carolina for this plant.

Catalpa bignonioides      [Southern Catalpa]       Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (plant habit, flowering)  (leaves and flowers)  (flower and leaf)
      (leaf and start of fruit growth)  (leaves and fruit)  (fruit and seeds)  (seeds, comparison)
      (plant habit, fall)  (plant habit, winter)  (trunk, bark)  (bud and leaf scar, winter)   (info)

Catalpa × erubescens ‘Purpurea’ [Purple Catalpa] Common Name List
(plant habit) (expanding leaves, July) (leaves, August) (plant habit and leaves, fruiting) (info)

Catalpa speciosa      [Northern Catalpa]      Common Name List
      (immature flower cluster and buds)  (plant habit, at flowering and after)  (leaves )
      (leaf margin and surfaces)  (leaves and flowers)  (flower clusters and leaves)
      (flower cluster and flower)  (start of fruit growth)  (leaves and fruit)  (fruit and seeds)
      (seeds, comparison)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves and fruit, fall)  (leaves, fall)
      (trunk, bark)  (twigs and buds, winter)  (info)

Cathaya	Pinaceae
	ka-THAY-a

A single species in this genus, see below
Cathaya: of China.

Cathaya argyrophylla [Cathay Silver Fir] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branches) (needles) (info)

Ceanothus	Rhamnaceae
Ceanothus, California Lilac, Wild Lilac	see-a-NO-thus

Some 55 species of evergreen and deciduous shrubs, prostrate to erect, and small trees. Sometimes reported as not long lived, say 5-15 years, other say this is the result of home owners over watering and fertilizing. Flowers are small, in clusters, showy en masse, color ranges from white through many shades of blue to deep violate. Fruit a capsule, somewhat thick-walled, more or less globose, but 3-lobed, each lobe 1-seeded. Their native range extends from southern Canada to Mexico and south to Guatemala, but mainly in California (home to over 40 species). Some are also found in the eastern US and Rocky Mountains. Most, if not all, ceanothus have the ability to fix large amounts of nitrogen via symbiotic association with root-inhabiting microbes (actinomycetes). See the Sunset Western Garden Book for brief descriptions on some 30 Ceanothus species and selections.
Ceanothus: Greek name but its meaning is uncertain.

Ceanothus ‘Centennial’ [Centennial Ceanothus] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (info)

Ceanothus ‘Concha’ [Concha Ceanothus] Common Name List
(flower clusters and leaves) (info)

Ceanothus cuneatus   [Narrowleaf Buckbrush, Wedgeleaf Ceanothus]  Native List   Common Name List
      (info)
      Sometimes separated into 3 botanical varieties:

Ceanothus cuneatus var. cuneatus [Buckbrush]
Ceanothus cuneatus var. fascicularis [Sedgeleaf Buckbrush]
Ceanothus cuneatus var. rigidus [Monterey Ceanothus] (syn. Ceanothus rigidus)

A white-flowered horticultural selection: Ceanothus cuneatus var. rigidus ‘Snowball’
(plant habit, flowering) (flowering branch) (flower clusters) (info)

Ceanothus ×delilianus ‘Henri Desfosse’ [Henri DesfosseCeanothus] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flower cluster and leaves) (info)

Ceanothus ‘El Dorado’ [El Dorado Ceanothus] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (leaves and flower cluster) (info)

Ceanothus gloriosus      [Point Reyes Ceanothus]     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (leafy shoots)  (leaves)  (leaf and margin)  (plant habit, flowering)
      (flowering branches)  (leaves and flower clusters)  (flowers)  (info)

Ceanothus griseus var. horizontalis [Carmel Creeper] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (branch) (info)

A selection of Ceanothus griseus var. horizontalis:

‘Yankee Point’ [Yankee Point Ceanothus] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (leaves and flowers) (plant habit, after flowering) (leaves) (info)

Ceanothus impressus      [Santa Barbara Ceanothus]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (large plant, flowering)  (flower clusters and leaves)
      (flowering branch)  (flower clusters)  (leaves)  (leaves)  (info)

Ceanothus integerrimus   [Deer Brush]  Native List     Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)  (leaves)  (immature fruit)
      (twigs and buds, winter)  (info)

Ceanothus rigidus see (Ceanothus cuneatus var. rigidus)

Ceanothus sanguineus [Redstem Ceanothus, Buckbrush] Native List Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowering shoot) (flowers and leaf) (leaves) (leaf) (developing fruit) (info)

Ceanothus thyrsiflorus    [Blue Blossom]  Native List     Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)  (flowers and leaves)
      (leafy shoot)  (leaf)  (leaf surface and margin)  (info)

Ceanothus velutinus    [Snowbrush]  Native List     Common Name List
      (in habitat, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)
      (flowers and developing leaves)  (flower cluster and flowers)  (leaf)  (info)

Cedrus	Pinaceae
Cedar	SE-drus

Tall evergreen trees, broad, irregular crown, bark dark gray. Branches with short shoots. Needles stiff, mostly in dense clusters on short shoots. Cedrus are native to the mountains of the southern and southeastern Mediterranean region and the western Himalayas. Formerly considered to include four species, now reduced to two, C. deodara of the Himalayas and C. libani (Cedar of Lebanon) of the Mediterranean. C. atlantica, the most common species used in landscaping is now considered to be a subspecies of C. libani (i.e., C. libani subsp. atlantica), or even just synonymous. Studies by botanists in Turkey and North Africa revealed that the theoretical differences between C. libani and C. atlantica do not hold, the so-called differences proved to be insignificant (van Geldren and van Hoey Smith, 1996). However, it is likely that C. atlantica will continue to be sold under that name for some time.

Cedrus atlantica    (syn. Cedrus libani subsp. atlantica)   [Atlas Cedar]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (branches)  (branches)  (needle clusters)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

   Two of the most popular selections of Cedrus atlantica:

‘Glauca’      [Blue Atlas Cedar]       Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (older trees)  (branch habit)  (branches)  (needle clusters)  (needle cluster)
      (branch, comparison)  (male and female cones at pollen release, fall)  (cone development)
      (mature cones and needles)  (cones at seed release)  (info)
‘Glauca Pendula’ [Weeping Blue Atlas Cedar] Common Name List
(plant habit) (plant habit) (pendant branches) (info)

Cedrus deodara      [Deodar Cedar, Himalayan Cedar]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (branches)  (branch)  (branch and needles)  (needle cluster)
      (branch, comparison)  (male cones)  (young female cones)  (female cones)
      (ripe seed cone, disintegrating)  (cone, disintegrating and old remnant)  (bark, trunk)  (info)

   Selections of Cedrus deodara:

‘Ablbospica’ [Albospica Deodar Cedar] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branchlets,new growth) (info)
‘Aurea’ [Aurea Deodar Cedar, Golden Cedar] Common Name List
(plant habit) (shoots, needles) (info)
‘Feelin' Blue’ [Feelin' Blue Deodar Cedar] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branches) (info)
‘Gold Cascade’ [Gold Cascade Deodar Cedar] Common Name List
(plant habit) (info)
‘Golden Horizon’ [Golden Horizon Deodar Cedar] Common Name List
(plant habit and shoots, needles) (info)
‘Mylor’ [Mylor Deodar Cedar] Common Name List
(plant habit) (info)
‘Silver Mist’ [Silver Mist Deodar Cedar] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branchlets, needles) (info)

Cedrus libani      [Cedar of Lebanon]    Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (branches and cones)  (needle clusters)  (info)

   A few selections of Cedrus libani:

'Atlantica Glauca' (syn. Cedrus libani subsp. atlantica ‘Glauca’) see Cedrus atlantica ‘Glauca’, and for the weeping form see Cedrus atlantica ‘Glauca Pendula’.
C. l. subsp. brevifolia (C. libani 'Brevifolia') [Cypress Cedar, Cyprian Cedar] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branches) (info)
'Green Prince' [Green Prince Cedar] Common Name List
(plant habit) (needles) (info)
'Stenocoma' (syn. C. l. subsp. stenocoma) [Stenocoma Cedar of Lebanon] Common Name List
(plant habit and needles) (info)

Can you identify these three "cedar" species native to Oregon?

Celastrus	Celastraceae
Bittersweet	sel-LAS-trus

About 30 species of deciduous, rarely evergreen, shrubs, usually climbing. Leaves alternate, petioled, margins serrate or crenate; small stipules. Flowers mostly dioecious (male and female plants), some flowers perfect, small, greenish or white, calyx 5-parted, petals oblong-ovate. Fruit usually yellow, separate into 3 valves, each containing 1 or 2 seeds enclosed in a fleshy crimson aril (fleshy thickening of the seed coat). Native to east and southern Asia, Australia and North America.
Celastrus: from the Greek kelastros the name for an evergreen tree, possibly Phillyrea.

Celastrus scandens      [American Bittersweet]       Common Name List
      (plant habit, summer fruiting)  (leaves and immature fruit)  (leaf and immature fruit)
      (plant habit and fruit, fall)  (info)

Celtis	Ulmaceae
Hackberry	SEL-tis

About 70, mostly evergreen species in the tropics, but also deciduous trees and some shrubs. Leaves alternate, 3-veined at the base, margin entire or serrate. Flowers inconspicuous, male flowers near the base of current year's growth, female flowers solitary or paired in the leaf axils on the same branch. Fruit a globose drupe, somewhat fleshy. Native to the tropics and North America and southern Europe.
Celtis: name of Greek origin and probably wrongly applied to the genus.

Celtis occidentalis      [Common Hackberry]       Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (leaves)  (developing fruit)  (fruit)  (fruit and nipple galls)  (plant habit, fall)
      (leaves, fall)  (trunk, bark)  (branches, winter)  (twigs and buds, winter )  (info)

Celtis pallida [Desert Hackberry, Granjeno] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branches) (spines and emerging leaves) (leaves) (info)

Celtis reticulata    [Netleaf Hackberry]  Native List  Common Name List
      (branches, expanding leaves, spring)  (flowers, male and female)  (plant habit, young tree)
      (in habitat)  (foliage)  (leafy shoot)  (leaves)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (leaves, fall)
      (leaves and fruit, fall)  (trunk, bark)  (twigs and buds, winter)  (info)

Celtis sinensis      [Japanese Hachberry]       Common Name List
      (foliage and fruit)  (leaves)  (leaf)  (immature fruit snd leaves)  (mature fruit and leaves)
      (trunk, bark)  (info)

Cephalanthus	Rubiaceae
Buttonbush	sef-a-LAN-thus

About 10 species of deciduous or evergreen shrubs or small trees. Leaves opposite or whorled, margin entire, with triangular stipules. Flowers small, 4-parted, in axillary globose heads. Fruit separating into two 1-seeded nutlets. Native to Asia, Africa and North and Central America.
Cephalanthus: Greek from kephale, head, and anthos, flower. The flowers of these plants are closely packed into small, globose clusters, i.e., heads.

Cephalanthus occidentalis      [Buttonbush]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, early summer)  (emerging flower clusters)  (leaves and flower clusters)
      (flower clusters)  (flower cluster)  (leaves)  (leaves)  (plant habit, fruiting)  (fruit)
      (plant habit, winter)  (fruit, winter)  (winter twigs and buds)  (info)

Cephalotaxus	Cephalotaxaceae
Plum Yew	sef-a-lo-TAKS-us kef-a-lo-TAKS-us

Evergreen trees or shrubs, branches opposite. Leaves needle-like, spirally arranged, but appear nearly 2-ranked on an even plane, a distinct mid-vein above, 2 wide stomatal bands below. Plants dioecious- male and female "flowers" on separate plants. Male strobili in globe-like heads in leaf-axils of young shoots. Female cones, 1-3, in basal scales of very young shoots. Native range from the Himalayas to East Asia; specifically southern and eastern Asia-Japan, Korea, south, central, and eastern China, Hainan, Taiwan, India, Burma, Laos, and parts of Vietnam.
Cephalotaxus: Greek kephle, a head; Taxus, a yew, a reference to the appearance of the trees which resemble yews.

Cephalotaxus harringtonia      [Japanese Plum Yew]       Common Name List
      (info)

   Several selections of Cephalotaxus harringtonia:

'Duke Gardens' [Duke Gardens (Japanese) Plum Yew]
(plant habit) (branchlet) (info)
'Fastigiata' [Fastigiata (Japanese) Plum Yew]
(plant habit) (shoot tip and leaves) (info)
'Korean Gold' [Korean Gold (Japanese) Plum Yew]
(plant habit and branch tips) (info)
'Prostrata' [Postrata (Japanese) Plum Yew]
(plant habit) (branchlets) (branchlet, needles) (info)

Ceratonia	Fabaceae, Leguminosae
Carob	ce-ra-TO-nea

Only a single species, see below.
Ceratonia: from Greek, keras, a horn, alluding to the shape of the pod, also the ancient name of the Carob tree.

Ceratonia siliqua [Carob, St. John's Bread] Common Name List
(plant habit and branches) (leaf) (trunk, bark) (info)

Cercidiphyllum	Cercidiphyllaceae
Katsuratree	ser-si-di-FIL-um

Two species of deciduous trees, the commonly cultivated C. japonicum and the much less common C. magnificum, sometimes considered a variety, i.e., C. japonicum var. magnificum. However, recent evidence indicates that the two forms are genetically distinct, "supporting their recognition as separate species" (Li, J. et al. HortScience 37(3)595-598. 2002). Native to western China and Japan.
Cercidiphyllum: refers to the similarity of its leaves (phyllum) with those of Cercis.

Cercidiphyllum japonicum      [Katsuratree]      Common Name List
      (branches with male flowers, spring)  (male flowers)  (female flowers)  (male and female flowers)
      (plant habit, new leaves)  (branches with expanding leaves)  (plant habit, spring)  (plant habit, summer)
      (plant habit, summer and fall)  (leafy branches)  (leaves)  (leaves and fruit)  (leaves, comparison)
      (plant habit, fall)  (plant habit, fall)  (plant habit and leaves, fall)  (branch, fall)  (plant habit and leaves, fall)
      (trunk, bark)  (twigs and buds, winter)  (info)

Weeping selections of Cercidiphyllum japonicum:

‘Pendulum’ [Pendulum Weeping Katsura]
(plant habit, early spring) (new leaves) (plant habit, late spring) (plant habit, summer) (info)
‘Amazing Grace’ [Amazing Grace Weeping Katsura]
(container plant, spring) (leaf, spring) (plant habit) (leaves) (info)

Cercidium	Fabaceae, Leguminosae
Palo Verde, Paloverde	ser-SID-ee-um

A genus of about 10 species of shrubs and small trees with greenish bark. Leaves are alternate, twice-compound (bipinnate), 1-7 pairs of opposing leaflets. Flowers are clustered in many-flowered heads (axillary racemes), each flower has a 5-lobed calyx, petals are obovate, 10 stamens. Fruit linear or oblong, flattened or cylindrical. Sometimes placed in the genus Parkinsonia Native to southwestern U.S., Mexico, Central America, and South America. Three tree-sized Palo Varde are found in North America, namely, C. floridum, C. macrum, and C. microphyllum.
Cercidium: from Greek kerkidion, "a weaver's shuttle," and descriptive of the woody fruits.

Cercidium floridum [Blue Palo Verde] Common Name List
(plant habit, small tree) (plant habit, large tree) (leafless and leafy branches) (info)

Cercidium microphyllum       [Littleleaf Palo Verde]      Common Name List
      (in habitat)  (plant habit)  (branches and leaves)  (expanding leaves and thorn)  (leaves)  (fruit)
      (trunk, bark)  (info)

Cercis	Fabaceae, Leguminosae
Redbud	SER-sis

A small genus of 7 deciduous shrubs and small trees. Leaves simple, alternate, entire; stipules deciduous. Flowers small, in sessile clusters or short racemes, often appearing on old wood, mauve to pale pink to white. Fruit leathery to woody, flat, with several flat seeds. Native range includes eastern Asia, southern Europe, U.S. and Mexico.
Cercis: from the Greek kerkis, a weaver's shuttle, the name given by Theophrastus as a description of the large, flattened fruit.

Cercis canadensis      [Eastern Redbud]      Common Name List
      (older plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flowering branches)  (flowers)
      (flower)  (flowers on trunks)  (expanding leaves and young fruit)  (plant habit, summer)
      (leaves)  (leaves)  (leaves, comparison)  (leaves and developing fruit)  (mature fruit)
      (plant habit)  (plant habit and leaf, fall)  (plant habit, winter)  (trunk, bark)
      (winter twigs, buds)  (info)

One of the more popular cultivars of Cercis canadensis:

opening flowers

plant habit, after flowering

plant habit, early fall

plant habit, fall

plant habit, late fall

leaves, fall

leaf, fall

A white variety (or supspecies) of Cercis canadensis:

C. canadensis

alba

flowers

Another variety (or supspecies) of Cercis canadensis:

C. canadensis

mexicana

plant habit and flowers

expanding leaves

A selection (culitvar) within a variety (or supspecies) of Cercis canadensis:

C. canadensis

texensis

flowers and comparison

winter twigs and buds

Cercis chinensis [Chinese Redbud] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering and flower clusters) (info)

A popular cultivar of Cercis chinensis:

flowering branches and flowers

plant habit, summer

leaf

flower buds, late summer

plant habit, winter

brachlets, comparison of 'Filifera', 'Squarrosa', and 'Boulevard'

Cercis occidentalis      [Western Redbud, California Redbud]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, spring flowering)  (flowering branch)  (flowers)  (flower)  (plant habit, summer)
      (leaves)  (leaf)  (fruit and leaves)  (plant habit, fall)  (leafy shoots, fall)  (leaf, fall)
      (winter twigs and buds)  (info)

Cercis siliquastrum      [Judus Tree, Mediterranean Redbud]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flowering branches)  (flowers)
      (flowers and fruit)  (plant habit, early fall)  (leaves)  (info)

Cercocarpus	Rosaceae
Mountain-mahogany	ser-ko-KAR-pus

Six species of evergreen or semi-evergreen shrubs or small trees. Leaves alternate, simple, often clustered, short petiole. Flowers inconspicuous, whitish-yellow, calyx tubular, abruptly broadening to a cup shape, 5-lobed, petals absent. Fruit a small nutlet, with a persistent, plumose style.
Cercocarpus: from the Greek kerkos, tail, and karpos, fruit, a reference to the tail-like plume.

Cercocarpus betuloides    [Birchleaf Mountain-mahogany]  Native List    Common Name List
      (in habitat)  (plant habit)  (stems and leaves)  (leafy shoot)  (leaves)  (flowering shoot)  (flowers)
      (after flowering and fruit development)  (fruit and leaves)  (trunks, bark)  (info)

Cercocarpus ledifolius    [Curlleaf Mountain-mahogany]  Native List    Common Name List
      (plant habit, in habitat)  (plant habit and branches)  (large and small branches)  (leafy shoots)
      (leaves)  (leaves on spur-like shoots)  (leaves, underside)  (flower, spent flowers and leaves)
      (start of fruit growth)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Cercocarpus minutiflorus [Smooth Mountain-mahogany] Common Name List
(fruiting branch) (fruit and leaves) (single fruit and leaves) (leaves) (info)

Chaenomeles	Rosaceae
Flowering Quince	kie-NOM-e-lez

Three species of deciduous shrubs often with thorny branches. Leaves simple, alternate, serrate; with large stipules. Flowers solitary or several together, calyx and corolla 5-parted, 40-60 stamens. Fruit a fragrant pome. Native to eastern Asia. Closely related to the common quince (Cydonia oblonga) which has entire leaf margins, fewer stamens (20+), and styles basally connate (i.e., fused).
Chaenomeles: from the Greek chainein, to gape, and melon, apple, a reference to the incorrect belief that the fruit is split.

Chaenomeles speciosa      [Common Flowering Quince]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flowering branches)  (flowering branches)  (flowers)
      (flowers and emerging leaves)  (stem, thorn)  (fruit)  (new growth, some selections)
      (plant habit, late spring)  (plant habit, summer)  (leaves and stipules)
      (winter twigs, buds)  (winter buds)  (info)

Chamaebatiaria	Rosaceae
Fernbush, Desert Sweet	kam-ay-bay-tee-AY-ree-uh

A single species in this genus, see below.
Chamaebatiaria: Chamaebatia-like, it is morphologically similar to Chamaebatia [Mountain Misery], but not closely related.

Chamaebatiaria millefolium   [Fernbush, Desert Sweet]  Native List     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters)  (flowers and leaves)  (leaves and flowers)
      (leaf)  (info)

Chamaecyparis	Cupressaceae
Falsecypress	kam-e-SIP-a-ris

Conifer, evergreen, pyramidal, almost columnar, leading shoots nodding, branchlets usually frond-like and flattened, leaves opposite, scale-like. Cones globose, short-stalked, solitary, often ripening the first season. They do best in full sun in rich, moist, well-drained soil, with a cool, moist atmosphere. With the selection of appropriate cultivars, they often make good hedges, screens and foundation plants, some make excellent accent and specimen plants.
Chamaecyparis: from the Greek chama, on the ground, and kyparissos, cypress.

Chamaecyparis lawsoniana   [Port Orford Cedar, Lawson Falsecypress]  Native List  Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (branches)  (branchlets)  (leaves, underside)  (male cones, spring)
      (male and female cones at pollen release)  (developing female cones)  (female cones, summer)
      (ripening cones, seed drop, late summer)  (male and female cones, winter)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Some selections of Chamaecyparis lawsoniana:

‘Alumii’  (syn.‘Allumii’)    [Scarab Cypress, Alumi Falsecypress]     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (branchlets)  (branchlets, "portrait")
      (branchlets, comparison with species type)  (info)
‘Blue Surprise’ [Blue Surprise Falsecypress] Common Name List
(plant habit and branches) (info)
‘Dik's Weeping’ [Dik's Weeping Falsecypress] Common Name List
(plant habit and branches) (info)
‘Duncanii’ [Duncan's Falsecypress] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branchlets) (info)
‘Ellwoodii’ [Ellwood Falsecypress] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branches) (branch, comparison) (info)
‘Golden Showers’ [Golden Showers Falsecypress] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branchlets, leaves) (info)
‘Green Globe’ [Green Globe Falsecypress] Common Name List
(plant habit and branchlets) (info)
‘Miki’ [Miki Falsecypress] Common Name List
(plant habit and branchlets) (info)
‘Treasure’ [Treasure Falsecypress] Common Name List
(plant habit and branchlets) (info)
‘Treasure Island’ [Treasure Island Falsecypress] Common Name List
(plant habit, shady location) (plant habit, sunny location) (leaves) (info)

Chamaecyparis nootkatensis   [Alaska Cedar, Yellow Cedar]  Native List     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (branches)  (branches)  (branchlets)  (leaves)
      (developing male cones and leaves)  (cones)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

A few cultivars of Chamaecyparis nootkatensis:

‘Aurea’ [Aurea Alaskan Cedar] Common Name List
(plant habit) (foliage) (branchlets) (branchlets, scale leaves) (info)
‘Pendula’ [Weeping Alaska Cedar] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branchlets) (cones, female and male) (info)
‘Strict Weeping ’ [Strict Weeping Alaska Cedar] Common Name List
(plant in landscape) (plant habit, branch and branchlets) (info)

Some characteristics to assist in separating Alaska Cedar (Chamaecyparis nootkatensis) and
Port Orford Cedar (Chamaecyparis lawsoniana) using a low power microscope.

Character	C. nootkatensis (Alaska Cedar)	C. lawsoniana (Port Orford Cedar)
Seam where lateral leaves meet	Usually not visible	Usually visible
Resin glands (using back lighting)	Not obvious	Very obvious, spot on each facial leaf
Leaf tips	Spread away from twig, sharp pointed	Pressed close to twig, may not be sharp
Leaves keeled	Sharply	Not sharply
White markings	Lacking	Visible on lower surface
Twigs	More or less 4-sided	More or less flattened

Based on E. A. Cope. 1986. Native and Cultivated Conifers of Northeastern North America: A Guide. Cornell Univ. Press, Ithica.

Chamaecyparis obtusa [Hinoki Falsecypress] Common Name List
(info)

A popular non-dwarf, green-leaved cultivar of Chamaecyparis obtusa:
   ‘Gracilis’       [Slender Hinoki Falsecypress]     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (plant habit, several trees)  (branches)  (branchlets)
      (branchlets and cones)  (branchlets and cones)  (leaves)  (info)

Other cultivars, mostly dwarf/compact (info), of Chamaecyparis obtusa:

‘Compacta’ [Compacta Hinoki Falsecypress] Common Name List
(plant habit) (info)
‘Confucius’ [Confucius Hinoki Falsecypress] Common Name List
(plant habit) (foliage) (info)
‘Elf’ [Elf Hinoki Falsecypress] Common Name List
(plant habit) (info)
‘Fernspray Gold’ [Fernspray Gold Hinoki Falsecypress] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branch) (info)
‘Hage’ [Hage Hinoki Falsecypress] Common Name List
(plant habit) (info)
‘Kosteri’ [Kosteri Hinoki Falsecypress] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branches) (info)
‘Nana Gracilis’ [Nana Gracilis Hinoki Falsecypress] Common Name List
(plant habit and branches) (plant habit, 60 years old) (info)
‘Nana Lutea’ [Nana Lutea Hinoki Falsecypress] Common Name List
(plant habit) (plant habit) (info)
‘Repens’ [Repens Hinoki Falsecypress] Common Name List
(plant habit) (plant habit) (foliage) (info)
‘Snowflake’ [Snowflake Hinoki Falsecypress] Common Name List
(plant habit) (info)
‘Templehof’ [Templehof Hinoki Falsecypress] Common Name List
(plant habit) (plant habit, sheared) (info)
‘Torulosa’ [Torulosa Hinoki Falsecypress] Common Name List
(plant habit and branches) (info)

Chamaecyparis pisifera      [Sawara Falsecypress]     Common Name List
      (info)

   A few cultivars of Chamaecyparis pisifera:

‘Boulevard’      [Boulevard Falsecypress]     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (branches)  (branch, "portrait")
      (branchlets, comparison with‘Squarrosa’)  (info)
‘Compacta Variegata’ [Compact Variegated Falsecypress] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branchlets) (info)
‘Curly Tops’ [Curly Tops Falsecypress] Common Name List
(plant habit) (plant habit) (foliage) (stem tips) (info)
‘Filifera’      [Threadleaf Falsecypress]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, medium and older aged)  (branchlets)  (branchlets and leaves)  (branchlets and seed cones)
      (branchlets and cones)  (info)
‘Filifera Aurea’       [Golden Threadleaf Falsecypress]     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (plant habit, larger plants)  (plant habit, old plant)  (branchlets)  (info)
    Two other yellow-filifera cultivars:
        ‘Lemon Thread’
        ‘Sungold’
‘Filifera Nana’ [Dwarf Threadleaf Falsecypress] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branchlets) (info)
‘Plumosa’ [Plumosa Sawara Falsecypress] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branchlets) (info)
‘Squarrosa’       [Moss Falsecypress]     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (branches)  (branchlets, immature cones)  (branchlets, mature cones)  (branchlets)
      (needles)  (branchlets, comparison)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Chamaecyparis thyoides      [White Cedar, Atlantic Whitecedar, Whitecedar Falsecypress]     Common Name List
      (in native habitat)  (plant habit and trunk, bark)  (info)

   Two cultivars of Chamaecyparis thyoides:

‘Ericoides’ [Ericoides White Cedar]
(plant habit, winter) (leaves, winter) (info)
‘Red Star’ [Red Star White Cedar]
(plant habit, summer and winter) (plant habit and leaves winter) (info)

Chilopsis	Bignoniaceae
Desert Willow	CHEE-lop-is

A single species, Chilopsis linearis, see below.
Chilopsis: from the Greek cheilos, lip, and opsis, likeness, referring to the distinct corona-lip.

Chilopsis linearis      [Desert Willow]       Common Name List
      (expanding leaves, spring)  (plant habit)  (branch section)  (leaves)  (leaves)
      (plant habit, flowering and fruiting)  (flowers, fruit and leaves)  (flowers)
      (fruit and leaves)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Chimonanthus	Calycanthaceae
Wintersweet	ky-mon-ANTH-us

Six species of deciduous or evergreen shrubs. Leaves opposite, simple, and entire. Flowers short stalked, axillary, sepals and petals not differentiated. Fruit is a capsule compressed at the apical end. Native to China.
Chimonanthus: from the Greek cheimon, winter, and anthos, flower.

Chimonanthus praecox      [Fragrant Wintersweet]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, winter flowering)  (flowers, winter)  (developing fruit)  (plant habit, summer)
      (leafy shoot)  (leaves)  (mature fruit and leaves)  (twig and buds, winter)  (info)

Chionanthus	Oleaceae
Fingetrees, Fringe Trees	ki-o-NAN-thus

A genus of about 100 species of deciduous trees and shrubs, most are found in the tropics, but two hardy species are found in gardens, one is native to China and the other eastern North America (C. virginicus).
Chionanthus: from the Greek chion, snow, and anthos, flower, a reference to the profusion of white flowers produced by the plants.

Chionanthus retusus       [Chinese Fringetree]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, large tree)  (plant habit, flowering)  (small tree, flowering)  (flower clusters and leaves)
      (flowers)  (leaves)  (leaves)  (leaves)  (leaf tips)  (fruit and leaves)  (plant habit, fall)
      (mature fruit and leaves)  (leaf and fruit, fall)  (leaves and bark, young tree)  (trunks, bark)
      (twigs and buds, winter)  (info)

Chionanthus virginicus       [White Fringetree]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, spring flowering)  (flowers and leaves)  (flowers)  (leaves)  (plant habit,summer)
      (leaf)  (immature fruit)  (plant habit and leaves, fall)  (winter twigs, buds)  (info)

×Chitalpa	Bignoniaceae
Chitalpa	chi-TAL-pa

A single hybrid "species" was developed in the 1960s in Uzbekistan at the Tashkent Botanical Garden. The hybrid is from a cross between two species native to North America, Catalpa bignonoides (Southern Catalpa) and Chilopsis linearis (Desert Willow). Cuttings were brought to North America in 1977 by the Cary Arboretum of the New York Botanical Garden and propagated. Two forms were observed, one with deep pink flowers (Clone no. 1) and the other having pale pink flowers (Clone no. 2). Rooted cuttings of both types were distributed to arboreta/botanical gardens in 1982, essentially the source of all plant material commercially available in the U.S. The original hybrid and the two clones were "officially" named and described by botanists at the Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Gardens in 1991 (Elias, T.S. and W. Wirsura 1991. Baileya 23:139-144).
Chitalpa: derived from the names of the two genera used in the cross, Chilopsis and Catalpa.

×Chitalpa tashkentensis ‘Pink Dawn’   [Pink Dawn Chitalpa]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, summer flowering)  (flowering canopy)  (leaves and flowers)  (leaves and flowers)
      (leaves)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (twigs and buds, winter)  (info)

Choisya	Rutaceae
Mexican Orange	CHOIZ-e-a

Nine species of mostly evergreen, aromatic shrubs. Leaves opposite or nearly so, most palmate. Flowers in axillary clusters, 4-5 each sepals and petals, 8-10 stamens. Fruit leathery, 2-valved capsule. Native to Texas, Arizona, New Mexico, and Mexico.
Choisya: after Jacques Denis Choisy (1799-1845), Swiss botanist.

Choisya ‘Aztec Pearl’    [Aztec Pearl Choisya]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flowering branches)  (leaves and flowers)  (plant habit, after flowering)
      (foliage)  (leaves)  (info)

Choisya ternata     [Mexican Orange]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (leaves)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flowering branches)
      (flowers and leaves)  (flowers)  (developing fruit)  (info)

A yellow-green cultivar of Choisya ternata:
‘Sundance’   [Sundance Mexican Orange]
      (plant habit, full sun)  (leaves)  (plant habit, flowering, deep shade)  (leaves and flowers, deep shade)
      (plant habit, fall, deep shade)  (info)

Chrysolepis	Fagaceae
Golden Chinkapin, Golden or Giant Chinquapin, Golden Chestnut	kris-o-LEP-is

Only two species of evergreen trees and shrubs, shoots golden tomentose at first. Leaves alternate, simple, entire, oblong-lanceolate to narrow oval, glossy yellow-green above, golden tomentose below. Flowers unisexual, male and female flowers found on the same spike. Fruit a densely prickly, small nut with 5 valves. Native to Washington, Oregon and California.
Chrysolepis: chryso, gold, and lepis, scale.

Chrysolepis chrysophylla   [Golden or Giant Chinkapin or Chinquapin]  Native List   Common Name List
      (plant habit, in habitat)  (plant habit, shrub form)  (single shrub)  (plant habit, habitat and landscape)
      (leaves and buds, spring)  (new growth)  (new growth, underside)  (mature leaves)
      (start of flowering, summer)  (plant habit, flowering in habitat)  (plant habit, flowering in a landscape)
      (flower cluster)  (flower spikes)  (male and female flowers)  (developing fruit, second season)
      (leaves and fruit, late summer)  (fruit cluster)  (fruit cluster, fall)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Chrysothamnus	Compositae, Asteraceae
Rabbitbrush	kris-o-THAM-nus

About a dozen species or so (but currently a good deal of taxonomic alteration) of shrubs and subshrubs, stems erect, much branched, often resinous and aromatic. Leaves alternate, simple, linear to elliptic or oblong lanceolate, margins entire. Flowers in heads, seldom solitary, ray florets absent or inconspicuous. Native to western North America, especially at low elevations in the Great Basin.
Chrysothamnus: from Greek chrysos, gold, and thamnos, shrub, a reference to the golden flowers on these shrubby plants.

Chrysothamnus nauseosus (syn. Ericameria nauseosa)  [Gray Rabbitbrush]  Native List  Common Name List
      (plant habit, early summer)  (new growth)  (plant habit, summer)  (leafy shoots)
      (branches, close-up)  (plant habit, fall flowering)  (flowering plant in habitat)
      (opening flower clusters)  (flower cluster)  (flower cluster)  (fruit (seed) clusters)
      (fruit (seed) cluster)  (info)

Chrysothamnus viscidiflorus    [Green Rabbitbrush]  Native List   Common Name List
      (plant habit, fall flowering)  (flower clusters)  (branch, leaves)  (flowering shoot, comparison)
      (info)

Cinnamomum	Lauraceae
	sin-a-MO-mum

Over 300 evergreen shrubs and trees found in tropical and subtropical regions of North, Central and South America, Asia and Australia, often having aromaitic oils in their leaves and bark. The source of true cinnomon is Cinnamomum verum.
Cinnamomum: the classical Greek name for cinnamon.

Cinnamomum camphora      [Camphor Tree, Camphor Laurel]     Common Name List
      (street trees)  (plant habit, spring)  (spring leaf senescence (red leaves))  (new and mature leaves)
      (leaves and developing flowers)  (mature leaf)  (buds and leaves)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Cistus	Cistaceae
Rockrose	SIS-tis

About 20 species of small to medium-sized, evergreen to semi-evergreen shrubs, often low growing. Leaves opposite, simple, may be aromatic, ovate to lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate. Flowers rose-like, 4-5 crépe-like petals, 3-5 sepals, numerous stamens. Grown for their long summer bloom period. Native to the scrub and dry woodland areas of southern Europe, Canary Islands, and northern Africa. Numeous hybrids have originated in the wild and in cultivation.
Cistus: from kistos, the Greek name of the plant.

Cistus ‘Ann Palmer’ [Ann Palmer Rockrose] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flower) (shoots, leaves) (info)

Cistus × corbariensis   (syn. C. hybridus)   [White Rockrose]       Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers)  (flowers and leaves)
      (leaves)  (info)

Cistus × crispatus ‘Warley Rose’ [Warley Rose Rockrose] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers) (leaves) (info)

Cistus × dansereaui ‘Decumbens’ [Decumbens Rockrose] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers) (leaves) (info)

Cistus ‘Doris Hibberson’ [Doris Hibberson Rockrose] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flower) (leaves) (info)

Cistus ‘Elma’ [Elma Rockrose] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flower) (leaves and flower buds) (info)

Cistus × florentinus ‘Fontfroide’ [Fontfroide Rockrose] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers) (info)

Cistus ‘Grayswood Pink’ [Grayswood Pink Rockrose] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers) (leaves) (info)

Cistus ladanifer [Common Gum Rockrose] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers) (info)

Cistus × oblongifolius [Oblongifolius Rockrose] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers) (info)

Cistus × pulverulentus ‘Sunset’ [Sunset Rockrose] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers) (flower and leaves) (info)

Cistus × purpureus      [Orchid Rockrose]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, start of flowering)  (shoot)  (leaves)  (plant habit, flowering)
      (leaves and flowers)  (flower)  (info)

Cistus ‘Snow Fire’ [Snow Fire Rockrose] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flower and leaves) (info)

Cistus ‘Victor Reiter’ [Victor Reiter Rockrose] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers) (info)

Cladrastis	Fabaceae, Leguminosa
Yellowwood	kla-DRAS-tis

Five species of deciduous trees with brittle branches. Leaves alternate, unevenly pinnately compound. Flowers in terminal clusters and fruit linear, flat, sometimes winged. Native to eastern Asia and North America.
Cladrastis: from the Greek kados, a branch, and thraustos, fragile, a reference to the brittle branches.

Cladrastis kentukea      [American Yellowwood]       Common Name List
      (plant habit, spring flowering)  (flower clusters)  (flowers)  (plant habit, summer)  (leaf)
      (petiole)  (leaf)  (leaflets)  (leaf, comparison)  (plant habit, fruiting)  (leaves and fruit)
      (plant habit, fall)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaf, fall)  (leaf stalk and bud, fall)  (twig and buds, winter)
      (trunk, bark)  (info)

A pea that is not a legume, i.e., not in the family Fabaceae.

Clematis	Ranunculaceae
Clematis	kle-MA-tis, KLEM-uh-tiss

Over 200 species of deciduous or evergreen, semi-woody to woody climbers or subshrubs. Leaves are simple or compound, usually opposite; petioles are often twisted and, in the climbing species, provide support by twining around almost anything they contact. The flower is composed of 4-8 sepals, true petals are absent, the sepals are sometimes referred to as tepals. Fruits (achenes) are dispersed by the wind, aided by long feathery, persistent styles.
Clematis: from the Greek clema, a tendril., the name applied to a number of climbing plants.

Clematis armandii       [Evergreen Clematis]      Common Name List
     (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers and leaves)  (flowers)
     (leaf)  (plant habit, after flowering)  (info)

Clematis cirrhosa var. balearica [Fern-leaved Clematis] Common Name List
(flowers and leaves, winter) (flower) (info)

Clematis  (hybrid)      [Hybrid Clematis]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers and leaves)  (flower)  (flower)  (leaf)  (info)

     A few hybrid Clematis cultivars:
        ‘Barbara Dibley’
        ‘Fireworks’
        ‘Nelly Moser’
        ‘Pink Champagne’
        ‘Superba’ (C. × jackmanii)
        ‘Ramona’
        ‘Teshio’
        ‘The President’

Clematis montana var. rubens       [Anemone Clematis]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, at and after flowering)  (plant habit, flowering again)  (flowers)
      (flower)  (leaves and flower buds)  (info)

Clematis tangutica      [Golden Clematis]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers and fruit)  (flowers)  (leaves)
      (fruit, spring)  (info)

Clematis terniflora [Sweet Autumn Clematis] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers) (info)

Clematis viticella [Italian Clematis] Common Name List
(info)

Many cultivars ascribed to Clematis viticella are likely of hybrid origin but often placed in the Viticella Group, including:

‘Huldine’ [Huldine Clematis]
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers) (info)
‘Polish Spirit’ [Polish Spirit Clematis]
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers) (leaves) (info)

Clerodendrum	Verbenaceae
	kle-ro-DEN-drum

Some 400 species of woody trees, shrubs, and vines. Leaves opposite or whorled, simple. Flowers in terminal or axillary clusters, relatively large, mostly white, blue, violet, or red. Native mostly to the tropics and subtropics, especially in Asia and Africa, at few temperate species.
Clerodendrum: from the Greek, klero, chance, and dendron, tree (some are tree-like), alluding to the unpredictable medicinal properties of plants in this genus.

Clerodendrum trichotomum      [Harlequin Glorybower]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (tree form, flowering)  (flowering branches)  (young stem and leaves)
      (opening flower)  (leaves and flowers)  (fruit development)  (leaves and fruit)  (fruit)  (bark)
      (twig and buds, winter)  (info)

A variegated cultivar of Clerodendrum trichotomum:

‘Stargazer’ [Stargazer Harlequin Glorybower]
(plant habit) (leaves) (info)

Clethra	Clethraceae
Summersweet	KLETH-ra

About 30 species of deciduous, small trees and shrubs. Leaves alternate, simple, usually serrate. Flowers white, often fragrant, in simple or compound clusters, 5 sepals, 5 petals, and 10 stamens. Fruit a 3-valved capsule. Native to the tropics and subtropics of Asia and Central and South America, also southeastern North America and Mexico.
Clethra: from the Greek, klethra, alder.

Clethra alnifolia      [Summersweet, Sweet Pepperbush]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, early summer)  (expanding shoot tip)  (plant habit, summer flowering)  (flower clusters and leaves)
      (leaves, flower cluster and flowers)  (fruit clusters and leaves)  (leaves and seed clusters, fall)  (info)

A cultivar of Clethra alnifolia:

‘Ruby Spice’ [Ruby Spice Summersweet]
(plant habit, flowering) (flower clusters and leaves) (info)

Coleogyne	Rosaceae
Blackbrush	kol-ee-O-jin-ee

A monotypic genus, i.e., contains only a single species, Coleogyne ramosissima. See below.
Coleogyne: from the Greek, an unusual sheath surrounds the pistil (female flower part).

Coleogyne ramosissima      [Blackbrush]      Common Name List
      (plant habitat)  (plant habit)  (plant habit)  (leaves)  (leaves)  (flower buds and leaves)  (plant habit, flowering)
      (flowering branches)  (flowers)  (info)

Cornus	Cornaceae (Dogwood Family)
Dogwood, Cornel	KOR-nus

Some 45-50 species ranging from semi-woody, perennial herbs to (mostly) shrubs and small trees. Leaves are opposite, except C. alternifolia and C. controversa, simple, entire, with prominent venation. The usually bisexual flowers are in various types of clusters (cyme, umbel, panicle, compact head) which are often subtended by showy 1-4 bracts. The fruit (drupe) is 2-seeded.
Cornus: Latin for Cornus mas

Cornus alba      [Tatarian Dogwood, Tartarian Dogwood]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, winter)  (branches, winter)  (plant habit, spring)  (branches, spring)
      (plan habit, summer flowering)  (flowers and leaves)  (fruit, deveoping and mature)  (info)

Three variegated cultivars of Cornus alba:

‘Argenteo-marginata’ [Variegated Dogwood] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves and developing fruit clusters) (info)
‘Elegantissima’ [Variegated Dogwood] Common Name List
(plant habit) (shoot) (leaves and fruit) (info)
Ivory Halo™ (‘Baihalo’) [Ivory Halo Dogwood] Common Name List
(plant habit) (shoot and leaf) (info)

Cornus alternifolia      [Pagoda Dogwood]       Common Name List
      (spring flowering in habitat)  (flowering shrub)  (leaves and flower clusters)  (flowering tree and leaf)
      (leaf)  (flowering branches)  (opening flowers)  (flower cluster)  (plant habit, fruiting)  (fruiting branches)
      (fruit cluster and leaves)  (after fruit drop)  (plant habit and leaf, fall)  (winter twig and buds)  (info)

Cornus asperifolia var. drummondii see Cornus drummondii

Cornus amomum   [Silky Dogwood]     Common Name List
      (flower clusters)  (leaves and developing fruit clusters)  (developing fruit)  (plant habit, fruiting)
      (leaves and fruit)  (leafy shoot)  (leaf)  (fruit cluster)  (fruit cluster, fruit and seed)
      (plant habit, late fall)  (leaves and fruit, late fall)  (plant habit, winter)  (winter twig and buds)  (info)

Cornus canadensis   [Bunchberry]  Native List   Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flowering in a forest)  (flowers, bracts and leaves)
      (leaves)  (plant habit, late summer fruiting)  (leaves and fruit)  (info)

Cornus capitata      [Evergreen Dogwood, Bentham's Cornel]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flower and leaves)  (flower and leaves)  (leafy branch, in shade)
      (leaves, in shade)  (leaves)  (leaves)  (plant habit, fruiting )  (immature fruit and leaves)
      (ripe fruit and leaves)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Cornus controversa      [Giant Dogwood]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (leaves and flowers)  (leaves and fruit)
      (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (trunk, bark)  (branches, winter)
      (twigs and buds, winter)  (info)

A cultivar of Cornus controversa:

‘June Snow’   [June Snow Giant Dogwood]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (plant habit and leaves, fall)
      (plant habit, fall)  (branches and leaf, fall)  (info)

Cornus drummondii    (syn. C. asperifolia var. drummondii)    [Rough-leaved Dogwood]      Common Name List
      (developing flower clusters)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower clusters and leaves)  (flowers)
      (plant habit, summer)  (shoot and leaf)  (plant habit, hedge)  (fruit and leaves)  (plant habit and leaf, fall)
      (plant habit, winter)  (winter twigs and buds)  (info)

Cornus 'Eddie's White Wonder'   [Eddie's White Wonder Dogwood]    Common Name List
      (opening flower buds, spring)  (flower opening, May)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers)  (flowers)
      (flower)  (flowers, comparison)  (plant habit, summer)  (leaf)  (leaves and fruit cluster, summer)
      (plant habit, fall)  (leaves and flower bud, fall)  (buds, winter)  (info)

Cornus florida       [Flowering Dogwood]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, white flowering)  (plant habit, white flowering)  (flowers, white)  (flower opening)
      (plant habit, pink flowering)  (plant habit, pink flowering)  (flowers, pink)  (plant habit, at and after flowering)
      (leafy shoot)  (leaves)  (leaves and immature fruit)  (fruit clusters)  (plant habit, late summer and fall)
      (flower buds)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (winter twig, buds)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Two variegated cultivars of Cornus florida::

‘Golden Nugget’      [Golden Nugget Dogwood]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers)  (plant habit, summer)  (leaves)
      (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (info)
‘Welchii’ [Tricolor Dogwood] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (info)

Cornus kousa      [Kousa Dogwood, Oriental Dogwood]       Common Name List
      (plant habit, start of flowering)  (leaves and developing flower)  (plant habit, flowering)
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flowering branches)  (flowers)  (senescing flowers)
      (leaves and immature fruit)  (fruit)  (fruit)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)
      (winter twigs, buds)  (trunk, bark)  (buds)  (info)

Four cultivars of Cornus kousa:

‘Gold Star’ (variegated)
(leaves) (info)
‘Radiant Rose’ (pink-red bracts)
(plant habit, flowering) (flower (bracts)) (plant habit and leaf, fall) (info)
‘Sunsplash’ (variegated)
(leaves) (info)
‘Wolf Eyes’ (variegated)
(leaves) (info)

Cornus florida × Cornus kousa (syn. Cornus × rutgersensis)

[Hybrid Flowering Dogwood, Stellar Dogwood] Common Name List

C. florida

C. kousa

Cornus × rutgersensis

^®

Cornus mas       [Corneliancherry Dogwood]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, tree, flowering)  (plant habit, shrub, flowering)  (flowering branches)
      (flower buds and flowers)  (flower clusters)  (leaves, expanding)  (developing fruit)
      (plant habit, fruiting)  (fruiting branches)  (fruit)  (fruit and seed)
      (winter twigs, vegetative buds)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Cornus nuttallii   [Pacific Dogwood]  Native List   Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering in woods)  (flowers)
      (leaves)  (flower and leaves)  (flower)  (flower)  (true flowers and bracts)  (flower, comparison)
      (fruit, at petal fall)  (leaves and fruit)  (fruit, late summer)  (winter twigs and buds)  (trunk, bark)
      (plant habit, spring, opening flower buds)  (info)

A cultivar of Cornus nuttallii:

‘Eddiei’ (syn. 'Goldspot', 'Gold Spot') [Eddiei Pacific Dogwood] Common Name List
(leaves) (plant habit and leaves, fall) (info)

Cornus officinalis       [Japanese Cornelian Dogwood]     Common Name List
      (plant habit (shrub), flowering)  (plant habit (tree), flowering)  (flower cluster)
      (leaves)  (fruit)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Cornus racemosa      [Gray Dogwood]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers clusters and leaves)  (flowers)  (leaves)
      (plant habit, after flowering)  (plant habit, small tree)  (fruit and leaves)
      (leaves and fruit)  (fruit stalks (pedicels) after fruit drop)  (plant habit, fall)
      (leaves, fall)  (leaves (underside), fall)  (twigs and buds, winter)  (info)

Cornus × rutgersensis [Stellar Hybrid Dogwood] see above

Cornus sanguinea [Bloodtwig Dogwood] Common Name List
(info)

A cultivar of Cornus sanguinea:

‘Midwinter Fire’   [Midwinter Fire Dogwood]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, winter)  (twigs, winter)  (flower clusters and leaves, spring)
      (plant habit, late summer)  (leaves and fruit)  (plant habit, fall)  (info)

Cornus sericea   [Redosier Dogwood]  Native List  Common Name List
      (plant habit, winter)  (branches, spring)  (developing flower cluster and leaves)  (leaves)
      (in habitat, flowering)  (flower cluster)  (plant habit, summer)  (green and ripe fruit)
      (in habitat, fruiting)  (leaves and fruit, late summer)  (in habitat, fall)  (stems and leaves, fall)
      (stem, twigs and buds, winter)  (info)

Two common cultivars of Cornus sericea:

‘Flaviramea’   [Golden Twig Dogwood]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, winter)  (twigs, winter)  (twigs, late spring)  (plant habit, summer)
      (leaves and fruit)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (info)

‘Kelseyi’   [Kelsey Dogwood]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, winter)  (stems, winter)  (stems, late winter)  (plant habit, early spring)
      (plant habit, summer)  (boarder planting)  (leaves)  (plant habit and leaves, fall)  (info)

Cornus kousa

Cornus nuttallii

^®

Cornus Starlight^® (syn. 'KN4-43') [Starlight Dogwood] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers and leaves) (fruit development) (plant habit and leaves, fall) (info)

Can you identify three Cornus tree species by their fruit in autumn? (fruit)

Corylopsis	Hamamelidaceae
Winterhazel	kor-i-LOP-sis

About 30 species (or much less, depending on the taxonomic authority) of deciduous, usually spreading, shrubs or small trees, branches often pubescent when young. Leaves alternate, short petiole, broadly ovate. Flowers appear before leaves, in pendent clusters (racemes), enveloped in small, yellow, subtending bracts, 5 petals and 5 stamens. Native from Bhutan (Himalaya) to Japan.
Corylopsis: from the Greek korylo, hazel, and opsis, appearance, referring to the similarity of the leaves in this genus to those of the genus Corylus (hazel).

Corylopsis species      [Winterhazel]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flowering branches)  (flower clusters)  (plant habit, summer)
      (leaves)  (info)

Corylopsis pauciflora [Buttercup Winterhazel] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (flowers) (info)

Corylopsis spicata      [Spike Winterhazel]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flowering branches)  (flower cluster)  (flowers)
      (new growth after petal drop)  (leaves and fruit cluster, summer)
      (plant habit, fall)  (leaf, fall)  (info)

Some characteristics to assist in separating
Buttercup Winterhazel (Corylopsis pauciflora) and Spike Winterhazel (Corylopsis spicata).

Character	C. pauciflora Buttercup Winterhazel	C. spicata Sike Winterhazel
Plant habit	to 3 m high, spreading	to 3 m high, spreading
Young shoots	glabrous (i.e., without hairs)	pubescent
Leaves	to 6.5 cm long, glaucous beneath, veins to 9 pairs, petiole to 1.5 cm long	4-11 cm long, glaucous and downy beneath, veins 6-7 pairs, petiole 1-2.5 cm long, pubescent
Inflorescence	3 × 1 cm, 1-5 flowers	6 × 1.5 cm, 5-12 flowers
Flower	anthers light yellow, filaments white, styles yellow	anthers brown, purple or red, filaments pink, styles green
Fruit	glabrous, 6-8 mm diameter	pubescent, to 8 mm diam

Based on The New Royal Horticultural Society Dictionary of Gardening, Vol. 1, page 733.

Note: "A floriferous hybrid between C. spicata and C. pauciflora is in cultivation." Dirr, 1998, p. 277.

Corylus	Betulaceae, Corylaceae
Hazel	KO-ril-us

About 15 species of deciduous, tall shrubs or small trees. Leaves alternate, in 2 rows, usually ovate to obovate, often double serrate. Flowers monoecious (male and female flowers on the same plant), pendulous male catkins in groups of 2-5, female catkins terminal on lateral buds, red stigmas prominent. Fruit, nut, surrounded an involucre of 2 enlarged floral bracts. Native to northern temperate zones.
Corylus: classical Latin name.

Corylus americana      [American Hazel, Hazelnut, or Filbert]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, fruiting)  (leaf)  (leaves and fruit)  (ripening fruit)  (fruit cluster, late summer)
      (fruit (nuts))  (winter plant habit, fruit remant, and unopened catkins)
      (male catkins and female flowers)  (info)

Corylus avellana       [Hazelnut, European Filbert]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering winter)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flowering branches, winter)
      (flowers; female, male catkins)  (flowers, male and female)  (plant habit, spring)  (leaves)
      (leaves and developing fruit)  (leaves, involucare, and fruit (nut))  (info)

Some ornamental forms of Corylus avellana

A popular twisted form:
‘Contorta’     [Harry Lauder's Walking Stick, Contorted Filbert]    Common Name List
      (plant habit, winter)  (branches and immature catkins, winter)  (plant habit, early spring)
      (male catkins and female flowers)  (plant habit, summer)  (leaves)  (info)

A "red leaf" form:
‘Rote Zeller’    [Rotte Zeller Hazelnut]    Common Name List
      (male catkins and female flowers)  (plant habit, early May)  (leaves, early May)
      (leaves, late June)  (fruit, July)  (leaves, mid-September)  (info)

A new twisted "red leaf" form which is resistant to eastern filbert blight:
‘Red Dragon’ [Red Dragon Hazelnut] Common Name List
(plant habit, spring) (catkins and branches) (twisted branches and catkins) (info)

Corylus chinensis      [Chinese Hazel]     Common Name List
      (flowers, male and female)  (plant habit)  (leafy shoot)  (shoot tip)  (leaf)  (leaf, underside)
      (fruit and leaves)  (fruit and leaf)  (fruit and nut)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Corylus colurna      [Turkish Hazel or Filbert]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, winter flowering)  (flowers, male and female)  (plant habit, summer)
      (leaf)  (ripening fruit)  (leaves and fruit)  (mature fruit (nut))  (trunk, bark)
      (plant habit, winter)  (winter twigs, buds)  (info)

Corylus cornuta var. californica  [Western Hazelnut]  Native List  Common Name List
      (flowers, winter)  (developing fruit, spring)  (plant habit)  (leafy shoot)  (developing fruit, summer)
      (leaves)  (leaves, comparison)  (leaf margins, comparison)  (fruit at drop)  (fruit (nuts))
      (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (winter twigs, buds)  (plant habit, bark, winter)  (info)

Cotinus	Anacardiaceae
Smoketree, Smoke Bush	ko-TI-nus

Three species of shrubs and trees, usually deciduous, wood is orange-yellow. Leaves simple, entire, spirally arranged, long petiole. Flowers small but in large terminal, loose clusters (panicles), usually yellow. Fruit is a small, dry, obliquely drupe. Found in North America, southern Europe, and eastern Himalaya and central China.
Cotinus: from Greek kotinos, wild olive, application uncertain.

Cotinus coggygria      [Common Smoketree]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (flower clusters, summer)  (leaves and flower clusters, late summer)
      (leaves and remnant flower stalks)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

  Two selections of Cotinus coggygria:

Golden Spirit™   (syn. ‘Ancot’)   [Golden Spirit Smoketree]   Common Name List
        (plant habit, late spring)  (leaves, late spring)  (plant habit, summer)
        (leaves, summer)  (info)
‘Royal Purple’ [Royal Purple Smoketree] Common Name List
(plant habit) (flower clusters and leaves) (leaves) (shoot) (info)

Cotinus obovatus      [American Smoketree]       Common Name List
      (plant habit, spring flowering shrub)  (young flower clusters and leaves)  (flower clusters)
      (plant habit, trees)  (leaves and remnant flower clusters)  (leaves and remnant flower cluster)
      (plant habit, fall)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves, fall)  (trunk, bark)  (plant habit, winter)
      (winter twigs and buds)  (info)

Cotoneaster	Rosaceae
Cotoneaster	ko-toe-nee-AS-ter

About 70 species of evergreen or deciduous shrubs or small trees, without spines or thorns. Leaves alternate, simple, and entire. Flowers small, solitary, or in clusters (corymbs), usually white, 5 sepals and 5 petals. Fruit is a small red or black 2-5 seeded pome. Native to Europe, north Africa, east Asia, Siberia, and Himalaya.
Cotoneaster: from the Latin cotoneum, quince, and -aster, a suffix suggesting incomplete resemblance, apparently referring to a similarity of the leaves of some species to those of quince.

Cotoneaster apiculata ‘Tom Thumb’ (syn.‘Little Gem’) Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (info)

Cotoneaster bullatus [Hollyberry Cotoneaster] Common Name List
(plant habit) (expanding leaves) (leaves) (leaves and developing flowers) (info)

Cotoneaster congestus [Pyrenees Cotoneaster] Common Name List
(plant habit) (plant habit) (leafy shoots, spring) (leaves, spring) (leaves, summer) (info)

Cotoneaster dammeri      [Bearberry Cotoneaster]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (plant habit, again)  (leaves)  (leaves)
      (leaves and flowers)  (leaves and fruit)  (fruit and leaves)  (info)

A cultivar:
‘Eichholz’ [Eichhloz Cotoneaster, Oakwood Cotoneaster]
(plant habit) (leaves and fruit) (info)

Cotoneaster divaricatus [Spreading Cotoneaster] Common Name List
(plant habit, summer and fall) (branches) (leaves and fruit) (leaves) (info)

Cotoneaster franchetii      [Franchet Cotoneaster]     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (leaves)  (plant habit, fruiting)  (plant habit, fruiting)  (fruiting branches)
      (fruit and leaves)  (info)

Cotoneaster horizontalis       [Rockspray Cotoneaster]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (branching habit)  (leaves and fruit)  (plant habit, fall)  (leaves and fruit, fall)
      (leaves, fall)  (branches, winter)  (info)

Cotoneaster intergerrimus [European Cotoneaster] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves and fruit) (leaves) (info)

Cotoneaster lacteus       [Parney Cotoneaster]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (leaves and flowers)  (leaves and immature fruit)  (plant habit, fruiting)
      (fruiting branches)  (leaves and fruit)  (fruit and leaf)  (plant habit, winter fruiting)
      (leaves and fruit, winter)  (info)

Cotoneaster lucidus       [Hedge Cotoneaster]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (shoots)  (leaves)  (leaves and developing fruit)  (plant habit, fruiting)  (leaves and fruit)
      (plant habit, hedge, winter)  (persisting fruit, winter)  (info)

Cotoneaster microphyllus [Littleleaf Cotoneaster] Common Name List
(plant habit) (leaves) (leaves and fruit) (tiny-leafed cultivar) (info)

Cotoneaster multiflorus [Many-flowered Cotoneaster] Common Name List
(plant habit, spring flowering) (flowering branches) (flower clusters and leaves) (leaf and flowers) (info)

Cotoneaster salicifolius      [Willowleaf Cotoneaster]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flowering branches)  (leaves and flowers)  (leaves and immature fruit)
      (plant habit, fall fruiting)  (fruit and leaves)  (leaves, fall)  (info)

A common, low growing cultivar:
    ‘Autumn Fire’  ('Herbstfeuer')  [Autumn Fire Cotoneaster]
        (plant habit)  (leaves and developing fruit)  (leaves and fruit, fall)
        (leaves and fruit, winter)  (info)

Cotoneaster simonsii       [Simons Cotoneaster]     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (leaves and immature fruit)  (leaves)  (plant habit, fruiting)  (leaves and fruit)
      (fruit and leaves)  (branches, early winter)  (leaves and fruit, early winter)  (info)

Crataegus	Rosaceae
Hawthorn, Thorn Apple	kra-TEE-gus

Possibly as many as 200 species of deciduous shrubs or small trees, usually with thorns. Leaves are alternate, simple, lobed (sometimes cut to the midrib or nearly so) or dentate, never entire, frequently larger on non-flowering shoots. Flowers white, usually in clusters, 20 stamens, rarely 5-10, anthers pink. Fruit a pome with 1-5 carpels, each with a stone-like seed, skin color is red, yellow, black, and rarely blue. Native to the Northern Hemisphere.
Crataegus: from the Greek kratos, strength, a reference to its wood.

Crataegus ambigua    [Russian Hawthorn]    Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (leaves)  (leaves and immature fruit)  (ripening fruit and leaves)
      (plant habit, winter)  (trunk)  (trunk, bark)  (twig, winter)  (info)

Crataegus ‘Autumn Glory’       [Autumn Glory Hawthorn]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flowers and leaves)  (flowers)  (immature fruit and leaves)
      (plant habit, fruiting)  (leaves and red fruit)  (fruit, late fall)  (leave and fruit, "portrait")
      (leave and fruit, comparison)  (fruit, winter)  (fruit and buds, winter)  (info)

Crataegus columbiana [Columbia Hawthorn] Native List Common Name List
(leaf) (leaves, comparison) (info)

Crataegus crus-galli    [Cockspur Hawthorn]    Common Name List
      (plant habit, spring, before flowering)  (flower clusters, opening)  (plant habit, fruiting tree)
      (plant habit, fruiting shrub)  (leaves and immature fruit)  (fruit, late fall)  (plant habit, winter)
      (winter twig, thorns, bud)   (info)

Crataegus douglasii    [Douglas Hawthorn]  Native List  Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (flowering branches)  (flowers and leaves)  (flower cluster)
      (leafy shoot)  (leaves)  (stem, thorn)  (developing fruit)  (leaves and fruit)  (ripe fruit and leaves)
      (leaves, comparison)  (winter twig, buds and thorn)  (info)

Crataegus laevigata [English Hawthorn, English Midland Hawthorn] Common Name List
(info)

Two common cultivars of Crataegus laevigata:

Crimson Cloud^TM [Crimson Cloud Hawthorn] Common Name List
(flowering branches) (flowers and leaves) (info)

‘Paul's Scarlet’    [Paul's Scarlet Hawthorn]  Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flower cluster and leaves)  (flowers)
      (leaves and flowers)  (fruit and leaves)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Crataegus × lavallei      [Lavalle Hawthorn]     Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (flowering branches)  (leaves and flowers)  (flowers)
      (leaves and green fruit)  (plant habit, fruiting)  (leaves and ripe fruit)
      (leaves and fruit)  (leaves and fruit, comparison)  (plant habit, fall)
      (leaves and fruit, fall)  (plant habit, winter)  (trunk, bark)
      (winter twigs, fruit and buds)  (info)

Crataegus monogyna   [Singleseed Hawthorn, Common Hawthorn]  Native List  Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (leaves and flowers)  (leaves)  (flower clusters)  (fruit and leaves)
      (fruit, leaves and seed)  (fruit, seed and buds, winter)  (info)

A cultivar of Crataegus monogyna:

branch, spring

Crataegus phaenopyrum      [Washington Hawthorn]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flowering branches)  (flowers, leaves and thorns)
      (thorn)  (plant habit, summer)  (leaves and green fruit)  (leaves and ripe fruit)  (leaves and fruit)
      (leaves and fruit, comparison)  (fruit and leaves, fall)  (leaf and fruit, fall)  (plant habit, after leaf fall)
      (fruit clusters, early winter)  (fruit, winter)  (fruit, seeds and buds, winter)  (info)

Crataegus punctata      [Dotted Hawthorn]      Common Name List
      (plant habit, spring flowering)  (flowering branches)  (flowers and leaves)  (leaves)
      (plant habit, early fall)  (leaf, early fall)  (fruit and thorn)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Crataegus viridis [Green Hawthorn] Common Name List
(info)

A popular cultivar of Crataegus viridis:

Cryptomeria	Taxodiaceae
	krip-tow-ME-ri-a

Conifer, evergreen trees with reddish bark, exfoliating in long strips. Leaves are needle-awl-like, in five spirally arranged rows, directed forward and curved inward. A single species in the genus, i.e., C. japonica. Native to Japan and southern China
Cryptomeria: from the Greek kryto, to hide, and meris, a part, apparently a reference to concealed parts of flowers.

Cryptomeria japonica       [Japanese Cedar]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (grove)  (branchlets, "portrait")  (branches, immature cones)
      (branches, mature cones)  (needles and cones)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Some cultivars of Cryptomeria japonica:

‘Elegans’      [Plume Cedar, Plume Cryptomeria]     Common Name List
        (plant habit)  (plant habit, summer and winter)  (needles)  (needles, comparison)
        (branches, winter)  (needles, winter)  (male cones, late winter)
        (cones and needles)  (info)

‘Black Dragon’ [Black Dragon Japanese Cedar]
(plant habit) (branchlets and cones) (info)
‘Kilmacurragh’ [Kilmacurragh Japanese Cedar]
(plant habit) (info)
‘Koshyi’ [Koshyi Japanese Cedar]
(plant habit) (info)
‘Monstrosa’ [Monstrosa Japanese Cedar]
(plant habit) (foliage) (info)
‘Rein's Dense Jade’ [Rein's Dense Jade Japanese Cedar]
(plant habit) (branchlets) (info)
‘Ryoko-gyoku’ [Ryoko-gyoku Japanese Cedar]
(plant habit) (branchlets) (info)
‘Sekkan Sugi’ [Sekkan Sugi Japanese Cedar]
(plant habit) (plant habit, screen) (foliage) (branchlets) (cones and branchlets) (info)

Cunninghamia	Taxodiacea
	kun-ing-HAM-i-a

Three species of conifers, tall evergreen trees having narrow crowns and branches irregularly in whorls. Leaves narrow, stiff, leathery, sharply pointed, spirally arranged but 2 ranked. Female flower terminal in somewhat spherical cones Native to China and Taiwan.
Cunninghamia: after James Cunningham, a surgeon with the East India Co. who in 1701 discovered C. lanceolata.

Cunninghamia lanceolata   [China Fir]      Common Name List
      (plant habit and branches)  (branchlets)  (leaves (needles))  (leaves and male cones at pollination)
      (leaves and seed cones)  (trunks, bark)  (info)

A common cultivar of Cunninghamia lanceolata:

‘Glauca’   [Blue China Fir]   Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (foliage)  (leaves)  (foliage and cones)  (developing cones and leaves)
      (mature cones and leaves)  (info)

×Cupressocyparis	Cupressaceae
Hybrid Cypress	ku-pres-o-SI-pa-ris

Contains several intergeneric hybrids of Cupressus and Chamaecyparis.

×Cupressocyparis leylandii [Leyland Cypress] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branches) (branchlets) (leaves) (leaves, comparison) (info)

Two cultivars of ×Cupressocyparis leylandii:

Emerald Isle® (‘Moncal’) [Emerald Isle Leyland Cypress] Common Name List
(plant habit) (info)
‘Golconda’ [Golconda Leyland Cypress] Common Name List
(plant habit and branches) (branchlets) (info)

Cupressus	Cupressaceae
Cypress	ku-PRES-us

Some 15-20 species of usually tall evergreen trees, occasionally shrubs. Bark red to brown, exfoliating in long strips or papery scales. Leaves scale-like, densely arranged, overlapping; juvenile leaves are needle-like. Male and female cones are found on separate shoots; male cones small, 6 x 2 mm, ovoid or cylindrical, female cones larger, round, maturing in 2 years to about 2-4 cm or more, woody. Seed cones open in the hot sun or after the death of the shoot. Native to central China, north Africa, and southwestern North America to Central America.
Cupressus: from Greek kuparissos, the name for Cupressus sempervirens (Italian Cypress).

Cupressus abramsiana (syn. Cupressus goveniana var. abramsiana) [Santa Cruz Cypress] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branches) (branchlets, leaves) (cones, closed and open) (info)

Cupressus arizonica [Arizona Cypress] see Cupressus glabra [Smooth Arizona Cypress]

Cupressus bakeri    (syn. Hesperocyparis bakeri)   [Baker Cypress, Modoc Cypress]   Native List     Common Name List
      (plant habit, small trees)  (branchlets)  (branch, male and female cones)  (branchlets, male cones)
      (leaves and male cone)  (branchlet arrangement)  (immature and mature female cone)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Cupressus dupreziana   (Cupressus sempervirens var. dupreziana)     [Saharan Cypress, Tassili Cypress]
       Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (foliage)  (branchlets)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Cupressus glabra   (syn. Cupressus arizonica var. glabra)    [Smooth Arizona Cypress]
      Common Name List
      (plant habit, young and old)  (branches and branchlets)  (branchlets and cone)  (leaves)  (trunk, bark)
      (trunk, bark)  (info)

Some cultivars of Cupressus glabra:

‘Blue Ice’ [Blue Ice Arizona Cypress] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branchlets and cones) (info)
‘Blue Spire’ [Blue Spire Arizona Cypress] Common Name List
(plant habit and branches) (info)
‘Chaparral’ [Chaparral Arizona Cypress] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branch) (branchlets) (info)
‘Raywood's Weeping’ [Raywood's Weeping Arizona Cypress] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branch, branchlets) (branch, branchlets and cones) (branchlets) (info)
‘Sulphuera’ [Sulphuera (Sulfuera) Arizona Cypress] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branchlets and leaves) (info)

Cupressus guadalupensis [Guadalupe Cypress] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branchlets and leaves) (trunk) (trunk, bark) (info)

Cupressus lusitanica [Mexican Cypress] Common Name List
(info)

A cultivar of Cupressus lusitanica:

‘Blue Swirl’ [Blue Swirl Mexican Cypress] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branchlets, leaves) (info)

Cupressus macrocarpa (syn. Hesperocyparis macrocarpa) [Monterey Cypress] Common Name List
(info)

Three selections of Cupressus macrocarpa:

‘Golden Pillar’ [Golden Pillar Cypress] Common Name List
(branches and branchlets) (info)
‘Karoonda’ [Karoonda Cypress] Common Name List
(plant habit, branchlets and fruit) (info)
‘Wilma Goldcrest’ [Wilma Goldcrest Cypress] Common Name List
(plant habit) (brachlets) (info)

Cupressus sempervirens   [Italian or Mediterranean Cypress]      Common Name List
      (plant habit)  (plant habit, columnar seletions)  (branchlets)  (branchlets, close-up)
      (leaves)  (cone development)  (trunk, bark)  (info)

Some columnar selections of Cupressus sempervirens:

‘Stricta’ [Stricta Italian Cypress] Common Name List
(plant habit) (foliage) (info)
‘Swane's Golden’ [Swane's Golden Cypress] Common Name List
(plant habit) (branchlets and cones) (info)
Tiny Tower™ [Tiny Tower Cypress] Common Name List
(plant habit) (info)

Cydonia	Rosaceae
Quince	si-DOO-nee-a

Only a single species, shrub or small tree. Flowers solitary, white, 20 or more stamens, yellow anthers, 5 styles.
Cydonia: from Cydonia, northeastern Create (now Khania).

Cydonia oblonga       [Quince]     Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering)  (plant habit, flowering)  (flowering branches)  (flower buds, flowers, leaves)
      (flower)  (developing fruit)  (developing fruit)  (fruit, immature and mature)  (trunk, bark)
      (winter twig and buds)  (info)

Cytisus	Fabaceae (legume)
Broom	SI-ti-sus

Over 30 species of deciduous or evergreen shrubs, or rarely small trees. Leaves alternate, usually trifoliate, and more rarely simple. Flowers usually yellow or white, pea-shaped, and fruit oblong, flat, 2 to many seeded. Native to north Africa, western Asia, Europe, and Canary Islands.
The common name Broom is not only applied to plants in the genus Cytisus, but also to those in several closely related genera, namely, Chamaecytisus (about 30 species) and Genista (about 90 sp.) and four "minor" genera, Petteria (1 sp.), Podocytisus (1 sp.), Retama (4 sp.), and Spartium (1 sp).
Cytisus: from the Greek kytisos, a kind of clover or clover-like plant.

Cytisus battandieri [Pineapple Broom] Common Name List
(plant habit, flowering) (leaves and flower clusters) (leaf) (info)

Cytisus scoparius   [Scotch Broom]  Native List  Common Name List
      (plant habit, flowering, naturalized site)  (single plant, flowering)  (shoots with flower buds)
      (flowers)  (flowers and fruit)  (plant habit, after flowering)  (branches and fruit)
      (plant habit, single plant at seed release)  (fruit at seed release)  (info)

Some cultivars of Cytisus scoparius: