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Oregon
Chub
Oregon
chub Oregonichthys crameri are endemic to the Willamette Valley
of western Oregon. This species was formerly distributed throughout
the Willamette Valley in off-channel habitats such as beaver ponds,
oxbows, stable backwater sloughs, and flooded marshes. These habitats
usually have little or no water flow, silty and organic substrate,
and
considerable aquatic vegetation and cover for hiding and spawning.
In the last 100 years, these habitats have disappeared because
of changes in seasonal flows resulting from the construction of dams
throughout the basin, channelization, revetments, diking, drainage
of
wetlands, and agricultural practices. This loss of habitat combined
with the introduction of non-native species to the Willamette Valley
such as largemouth bass, smallmouth bass, crappie, bluegill, and western
mosquitofish has resulted in a sharp decline in Oregon chub abundance.
The reduction of suitable habitat and the restricted distribution of
the Oregon chub resulted in a determination of "endangered"
status under the federal endangered species act in 1993.
The Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife conducted surveys throughout
the Willamette River Valley in 1991-Present. The surveys provided
information on the distribution
and abundance of Oregon chub, life history characters, the distribution
of native and non-native species, the characteristics of historic
Oregon
chub habitats, the characteristics of potential reintroduction sites,
and the status of Oregon chub reintroductions.
Historically,
Oregon chub were found throughout the Willamette River drainage
from
Oregon City to Oakridge. The historical
records note collections from the Clackamas River, Molalla River, Mill
Creek, Luckiamute River, North Santiam River, South Santiam River,
Calapooia
River, Long Tom River, Muddy Creek, McKenzie River, Coast Fork Willamette
River, Middle Fork Willamette River drainages, and the mainstem Willamette
River. Current distribution includes populations in the Santiam
River, Mary's River, Long Tom River, Muddy Creek, McKenzie River, Coast Fork Willamette
River, and the Middle Fork Willamette River drainages. Most populations
are
located
in the
Middle
Fork Willamette
River drainage.
The Oregon Chub Recovery Plan sets recovery goals for downlisting
the species to threatened and for delisting the
species. The criteria for downlisting the species to threatened is
to establish and manage 10 populations of at least 500 adult fish.
All
populations must exhibit a stable or increasing trend for 5 years
and at least three populations must be located in each of the three
recovery areas:
Middle Fork Willamette River, Santiam River, and Mid-Willamette River
tributaries.
Map Source: USDA, Willamette National Forest, 1997. "A Rare Species...
Oregon Chub".
Annual Reports and Publications:
Bangs, B. L., P. Scheerer, S. Tippery, M. Weeber, and S. Jacobs. 2008.
2008 Oregon Chub Investigations. Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife.
Fish Research Project EF-08, Annual Progress Report, Salem.
Scheerer, P. D. 2007.
Improved Status of the Endangered Oregon Chub in
the Willamette River, Oregon. In: Status, distribution and conservation
of native freshwater fishes of Western North America: a symposium
proceedings. Transactions of the American Fisheries Society Symposium
53:91-102.
Scheerer, P. D., M. Terwilliger, and S. E. Jacobs. 2007.
Willamette Valley Projects-
Lookout Point- Oregon Chub (2007), Fish Research Project FW2007-01,
Annual Progress Report, Corvallis.
Scheerer, P. D., P.S. Kavanagh, B. Bangs, and S. E. Jacobs. 2007.
2007 Oregon Chub Investigations.
Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, Fish Research Project EF-07,
Annual Progress Report, Salem.
Scheerer, P. D. 2007.
Threatened fishes of the world: Oregonichthys
crameri (Snyder, 1908) (Cyprinidae). Environmental Biology of
Fishes 80:493-494.
Scheerer, P.D., M. Terwilliger, and S. E. Jacobs. 2006. Willamette Valley Projects- Lookout
Point- Oregon Chub (2006), Fish Research Project FW2006-02,
Annual Progress Report, Corvallis.
Scheerer, P. D., P. S. Kavanagh, B. L. Bangs, and S. E. Jacobs. 2006.
2006 OPRD- Oregon Chub
Population Monitoring on Oregon State Parks Lands in the Willamette Valley. Oregon Department
of Fish and Wildlife, Contract OPRD #06-161, Annual Progress Report, Salem.
Scheerer, P. D., P. S. Kavanagh, B. L. Bangs, and S. E. Jacobs. 2006.
2006 Oregon
Chub Investigations. Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, Fish Research
Project EF-06, Annual Progress Report, Salem.
Scheerer, P. D., S. E. Jacobs, and M. Terwilliger. 2005.
Monitoring of Hospital Pond
(2005): Willamette Basin Oregon Chub Investigations, Monitoring, and
Management, Fish Research Project W66QKZ13304328, Annual Progress
Report, Corvallis.
Scheerer,
P. D., and M. Terwilliger. 2005.
Monitoring
of Hospital Pond (2004): Willamette basin Oregon chub investigations,
monitoring, and management, Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife,
Fish Research Project W66QKZ13304328, Annual Progress Report, Corvallis.
Scheerer, P. D., P.S. Kavanagh, S. Davis, and
S. E. Jacobs. 2005.
2005 Oregon
chub investigations. Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, Fish
Research Project EF-04 VII-1, Annual Progress Report, Salem.
Scheerer,
P. D. 2004. ODOT
Oregon chub surveys. Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, Fish
Research Project 20675, Annual Progress Report, Corvallis.
Scheerer,
P. D. 2004. Population
and habitat assessments for Oregon chub on the William L. Finley National
Wildlife Refuge (2004). Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife,
Fish Research Project 1448-13420-03-M194, Annual Progress Report, Corvallis.
Scheerer,
P. D. 2004. Management
Plan for Oregon Department of Transportation Properties that Support
Populations of the Endangered Oregon Chub. Oregon Department of
Fish and Wildlife, Fish Research Contract #1448-13420-03-M145, Annual
Progress Report, Corvallis.
Scheerer,
P. D., P. S. Kavanagh, and S. E. Jacobs. 2004. 2004
Oregon chub investigations. Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife,
Fish Research Project EF-04, Annual Progress Report, Salem.
Scheerer,
P.D. 2003. Oregon Chub Investigations
2003 Progress Report. Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife,
Fish Research Project E-2-34, Annual Progress Report,
Corvallis.
Scheerer,
P. D., and P. J. McDonald. 2003. Age and growth and timing of spawning
of an endangered minnow, the Oregon chub (Oregonichthys crameri),
in the Willamette Basin, Oregon. Northwestern Naturalist 84:68-79.
Scheerer,
P. D. 2002. Implications
of Floodplain Isolation and Connectivity on the Conservation of an Endangered
Minnow, Oregon Chub, in the Willamette River, Oregon. Transactions
of the American Fisheries Society 131:1070-1080.
Scheerer, P.D. 1999. Oregon
Chub Research in the Willamette Valley 1991-99. Fish Research Project
Annual Progress Report EF-91 VII-1. Portland.
Relevant
Information:
U.
S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 1998. Oregon
chub (Oregonichthys crameri) Recovery plan. Portland, OR: USDI
Fish and Wildlife Service.
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