Carbohydrates I & II Outline

(Move to notes here)

Introduction (Aldose/Ketose)

Monosaccharides

Monosaccharide Names/Structures

n	Category
3	Triose
4	Tetrose
5	Pentose
6	Hexose
7	Heptose
8	Octose

Isomers

• Terms HERE
• Common monosaccharides HERE

Cyclization

• Furan / Pyran
• Hemiacetals / Hemiketals
• Open Chains / Rings (Glucose and Fructose)
• Fructose forms HERE
• Common sugars in rings HERE

Conformations

• Steric Hindrance - Boat / Chair and C3-endo / C2-endo

Modified Monosaccharides

• Oxidation HERE
• Modified monosaccharides HERE
• Glycosides - HERE
• Phosphorylated sugars HERE

Disaccharides

• Sucrose , Maltose, Lactose (stupid figure for sucrose - a better one is HERE)

Polysaccharrides

• Glycogen Branch Points
• Cellulose (beta 1,4 links) and Starch/Glycogen (alpha 1,4 links + branches)

Protein-carbohydrate links

• N-linked and O-linked glycoside-proteins HERE
  • Common N-linkages HERE
  • Erythropoietin HERE

Polyanionic Polysaccharides

• Glycosaminoglycans - HERE
• Proteoglycans - HERE and HERE

Saccharide Hybrids

• UDP-Glucose

Glycoproteins

• Oligosaccharide Antigens
• Protein-Carbohydrate Linkages
• Erythropoietin Structure

Signal Sequence and Transport

• Golgi Complex / Endoplasmic Reticulum
• Dolichol Phosphate
• Secretion and Sorting
• Blood antigens HERE

Viral receptors HERE