SAS data steps

Creating and defining new variables

Operators: Character: ' ', " ", ||
Numeric: +, -, *, /, ** Functions (Section 3.2):

SAS functions are observation/row-wise functions. So they operate on different variables for the same observation.
Each function is in the form: function(argument1, argurment2, ...).
Below is a list of categories of functions and sample functions within each category.

Character: lowcase, substr, trim, index, length, ...
Date/time: mdy(month, day, year), day, hour, ...
Math: abs, exp, fact, log, log10, mod, sqrt, ...
Probability: cdf, pdf, poisson, probnorm, probt, ...
Quantile: finv, probit, tinv, ...
Random numbers: ranbin, ranexp, ranuni, rannor, ...
Sample statistics: max, min, mean, missing, n, range, std, sum, ...
Trigonometric: sin, arsin, ...
Truncation: ceil, floor, int, round, trunc, ...
Creating a new variable (Section 3.1)

Newvar = expression;

Examples: Creating a date:

classmonth = 01;			
classday   = 12;
classyear  = 2000;
classdate  = mdy(classmonth, classday, classyear);

Another way to define the variable classdate is as follows:

classdate  = '12Jan2000'd;

Notice the "d" after the quoted date text, telling SAS you are defining a date.

Both these methods create a SAS date. SAS dates are the number of days from January 1, 1960. When printed, you will see the value of this variable as a SAS date, unless you format it.

format classdate mmddyy10.;

Using functions over many variables:

Hw1=5; hw2=10; hw3=7;
HWtotal = sum(hw1, hw2, hw3);
Hwavg = mean(hw1, hw2, hw3);

Using the substring function:

Citystate = 'Corvallis, OR';
Comma = scan(citystate, ',');
City = substr(citystate,1,comma-1);
State = substr(citystate, comma+2, length(citystate));