| Chapter I | Introductory remarks -- Grasping views -- Early traders of Canada -- The Hudson's Bay Company -- American fur companies -- Astor's policy -- Russian settlements -- Coasting vessels -- The Pacific Fur Company -- Flattering results -- Oregon territory -- New association -- Mr. Hunt -- Golden prospects -- Proposals accepted -- List of adventurers -- Land party -- Sea party -- The ship Tonquin -- Remarks -- Opinion against opinion -- Observations -- Land expedition departs -- Sea party set off for New York -- Bark canoe -- Spectators -- Canadian voyageurs |
| Chapter II | The Tonquin sails -- Quarrels on board -- The Captain's character -- Accommodations -- A sudden squall -- Flying fish -- The captain's harshness -- Cape de Verd Islands -- Alarm of fire -- A suspicious sail -- Crossing the line -- Springing a leak -- Short allowance of water -- Immense wave -- The Falkland Islands -- Rocky passage -- Wild fowl -- Port Egmont Bay -- The party on shore -- Mr. Farnham's gray goose -- Old graves renewed -- Epitaphs -- Party left behind -- New dangers -- Mr. Robert Stuart's determined conduct -- Feuds on board -- Cape Horn doubled -- The weather -- Pilot fish -- Trade winds -- Rogue's mess -- Little pilot -- Mouna Roa -- A man overboard -- The mate in irons |
| Chapter III |
Karakakooa Bay -- The sailors desert -- The captain's conduct -- Productions of Owhyhee -- Tocaigh Bay -- Ourourah, the residence of Tammeatameah -- Harbour fees -- Excursion on shore -- The Queen's umbrella -- The King's appearance -- Royal palace and guards -- Arsenal, or royal workshop -- Royal dinner -- His Majesty's fleet -- Morais, or places of public worship -- Sacred or puranee ground tabooed -- Storm -- A sailor left to his fate among the natives -- Parting visit from his Majesty -- His meanness -- Diving of the natives -- Native proas: how made -- Clothing -- Customs and peculiarities -- Character of the women -- White men at the Sandwich Islands -- The King's disposition towards foreigners -- Captain Cook -- Pahooas, or war spears -- A sham fight -- Religion -- Tammeatameah conqueror and king -- Apparent happiness of the natives -- Prophetic hint -- Distressed situation of a boat |
| Chapter IV | Departure from the Sandwich Islands -- Bad weather -- Live stock destroyed -- Columbia river -- A boat and crew lost -- Captain's conduct towards Mr. Fox -- Mouth of the river -- Bar and breakers -- Cape Disappointment -- Point Adams -- Narrow escape of the long boat -- Sounding the bar -- A boat and crew left to perish -- The ship in the Breakers -- Critical situation -- Melancholy Narrative of Steven Weeks -- Search made for the lost boat, and narrow escape -- Long boat swamped -- Fidelity of the natives -- Preparations for leaving the ship -- Captain Thorn -- The voyage concluded |
| Chapter V | Preparations for landing -- Site of the new emporium of the west -- Astor's representative -- Hard Work -- Huge trees -- Natives -- Comecomly -- Mode of Felling the trees -- Danger -- Trying scenes -- Three [ix] men killed -- Three wounded -- Party reduced by sickness -- Disaffection -- Conduct of the deputy -- Desertion -- Mr. Astor's policy -- Climate -- Indian rumours -- Comecomly's intrigues and policy -- Trip to the cascades -- Mr. M'Kay and north-west notions -- Anecdote -- Exploring party to the north -- Several persons killed -- Hostile threats of the Indians -- Potatoes and other seeds planted -- New building -- Astoria -- Departure of the ship -- Dangerous situation of the whites -- Great assemblage of Indians -- People uner arms -- Blunderbuss accident -- Alarming moment -- Two strangers arrive -- Mr. Thompson at Astoria -- M'Dougall's policy -- The two great functionaries |
| Chapter VI | The ten tribes -- Number of warriors -- Their laws -- Chief's arbitrary power -- Dress, games, and arms of the men -- Dress of the women, slaves and basket-making -- Lewdness of the women -- Food, ornaments -- The salmon -- Superstitious customs -- Sturgeon -- Fathomfish -- Roots and berries -- Circulating medium -- Econe, or Good Spirit -- Ecutoch, or Bad Spirt -- Etaminua, or priests -- Keelalles, or doctors -- War canoes -- Diseases -- Winter houses -- Temporary, or Summer houses -- Fleas -- Practice of flattening the head -- Colonization -- Wallamitte -- Cowlitz, or Puget's Sound -- Conclusion |
| Chapter VII | First expedition into the interior -- Number of the party -- Tongue Point -- Canoe swamped -- Sailing difficulties -- Indian villages -- Cedars -- First night's encampment -- Mount Coffin -- Cowlitz -- Wallamitte -- Columbia Valley -- Point Vancouver Difficulties -- The cascades -- Concourse of Indians -- General appearance of the country -- The portage -- Description of the cascades -- The roll of tobacco -- Pilfering -- Mr. Thompson -- Exchange of men -- The Long Narrows -- Warlike appearance of the Indian cavalry -- Button contract -- Critical situation of the party -- Camp of gamblers -- The Narrows [x] -- Hard work at the carrying place -- A day's work -- Description of the portage -- Number on Indians -- Aspect of the country -- The plains begin -- End of the woods -- Want of sleep -- Demeanour of the Indians |
| Chapter VIII | Columbia Falls -- A canoe swamped -- Suspicious behaviour of the Indians -- Stratagem -- Umatallow -- Walla-Walla -- Great body of Indians -- Harangues -- Indian ceremonies -- The great forks -- Difference in the waters -- Length of the forks -- The British flag -- Mr. Thompson's design -- Indian ideas -- Salmon -- European articles -- Tummatapam -- Departure from the forks -- Indian honesty -- Eyakema -- Marl-hills -- Dead children -- Superstitions -- Priest's Rapid -- Rattle-snakes -- Appearance of the country -- Kewaugh-chen -- Perilous situation of a canoe -- The two sisters -- The old Indian -- Hunting party -- Horses -- The priest -- Piss-cows -- Sopa -- Great assemblage of Indians -- The comet -- Oakinacken -- Distance from Astoria -- Indian-council -- Resolve to winter -- Some account of the place -- The stolen watch -- The priest dismissed -- Voyage concluded -- The two strangers -- First building -- Division of the party -- Lonely winter -- The lost party -- Indian trade -- Mr. Stuart's adventures |
| Chapter IX | Anxieties at Astoria -- Indians depart -- A schnooner built -- The Dolly's first trip -- Criminal curiosity -- The powder keg -- The schooner condemned -- Mr. Astor's cargoes -- His policy -- Remarks on the North-West coast -- Unwelcome rumours -- Calpo's statement -- Rumours renewed -- Hard cases -- Joe Lapierre -- Kasiascall's account of the Tonquin -- Strange Indian -- Kasiascall's conduct -- His character -- His design on Astoria -- Remarks |
| [xi] Chapter X |
Land expedition -- Hunt and M'Kenzie -- Montreal recruits -- La Chine -- Devout farewell -- Mackina in 1810 -- Fur Traders of the South -- Frolic parties -- Comparison between the South and North -- Arrival at St. Louis -- Recruiting service -- Yankees -- Canoe-men -- Delays at St. Louis -- Difficulties -- Mr. Miller -- The Missouri -- Canadian voyageurs -- Winter quarters -- Mr. Hunt revisits St. Louis -- M'Kenzie -- Mr. Astor's policy -- The Yankees desert -- Winter quarters broken up -- Rocky Mountains -- Piolot knobs -- New scenes -- Columbia River -- The horses abandoned -- Take to canoes -- The canoes abandoned -- Trappers -- Mr. Miller -- Party on foot -- Hardships -- Starvation -- Conflicting councils -- Gloomy prospects -- Property en cache -- The party divided -- Three men perish -- M'Kenzie's speech -- The arrives at Astoria -- Mr. Crooks and others left behind -- Mr. Hunt's arrival at Astoria -- Voyage concluded |
| Chapter XI | Doings at Astoria -- Three parties on foot -- Their object -- M'Lellan's resolution -- Hostile attack at the Long Narrows -- Mr. Reed -- Two Indians shot -- Heroic conduct of M'Lellan -- Difficulties adjusted -- Advance of the party -- Remarks -- Arrival at Oakinacken -- Departure again for Astoria -- Scene at Umatallow -- Mr. Crook's adventures and suffering -- Yeck-a-tap-am -- Umatallow left -- Merit rewarded -- Arrival of the party at Astoria -- The ship Beaver there also |
| Chapter XII | General Meeting of the partners -- Resolutions passed -- Departure of the parties for the interior -- Mr. Clarke -- the cascades -- Wyampam, or the Long Narrows -- Situation of the party -- Loss of time -- Mr. M'Kenzie -- A stroll through the Indian camp -- Mr. Clarke's alarms -- Command transferred -- Reed's rifle recovered -- A robber in irons -- the five shots -- Yeck-a-tap-am rewarded -- Mr. Stuart's departure [xii] for St. Louis -- Second division -- Summer trip to She Whaps -- Boullard and his squaw -- Mr. Stuart's arrival at Oakinacken -- Visits -- Travelling scenes -- A night in the snow -- Jacque and his powder-horn -- Mr. Stuart's account of his journey -- Arrival at Walla Walla |
| Chapter XIII | Mr. Clarke -- Hard Travelling -- Cox's pilgrimage -- Visit to Spokane -- Trade -- Mr. Pillet -- Mr. Farnham -- Cootanais and Flatheads -- M'Lennan Plunge in the lake -- Adventures -- Outposts -- Catatouch chief -- Curiosity -- Fracas -- Introduction of civilization -- Commotion -- M'Kenzie -- Great Snake River -- Caches robbed -- Canadian wanderers -- Character of the Shahaptains -- Visit to Spokane -- M'Tavish -- Account of the war -- Winter travels -- M'Kenzie at Astoria -- New resolves -- M'Kenzie's return to his post -- Indian chiefs -- Bold enterprize -- Property recovered -- Chiefs and thir horses -- Strategems -- Indians outwitted -- Plotting -- Friendly Island -- Conference -- Marauding propensities -- Treaty of peace -- System changed -- Plentiful market -- The island abandoned -- Arrival at Walla Walla -- Commotions among the savages -- Tummeatapam -- Arrival at Astoria |
| Chapter XIV | Mr. Stuart -- Snake River -- Trappers -- Joyous meeting -- Trapper's resolution -- Crow Indians' troubles -- Horses change masters -- Mr. Stuart on foot -- M'Lellan left alone -- Hardships of the party -- Famine -- Le Clerc's horrid proposition -- The old bull -- The old horse -- Pilot-knobs -- Winter quarters -- Unwelcome visitors -- Change of quarters -- Spring -- Travelling at random -- An Otto-Indian -- River Platte -- Two traders -- News of the war -- The Missouri -- The old horse given for an old canoe -- St. Louis -- Mr. Astor -- Wallamitte -- Falls -- Scenery -- Habits of the Collap-poh-yea-ass tribes -- Concourse of savages -- M'Dougall's letter - [xiii] M'Kenzie's stratagem -- Indian disappointment -- The ship Beaver -- Coasting voyage -- Mr. Astor's policy -- Captains -- Their instructions -- Mr. Hunt baulked in his plans -- The Boston merchants -- Mr. Astor's conduct -- Difficulties of Mr. Hunt's situation -- The ship Albatross -- All the parties at head-quarters |
| Chapter XV | Meeting of the partners -- Warm discussion -- M'Kenzie -- Eloquence of the times -- Reasons for dissolving the company -- Dissenting partners converted -- Final resolve -- The deputy's powers -- Departure of the brigade -- A canoe lost -- A man's leg in jeopardy -- Rumours at the narrows -- Snake party -- Rumours renewed -- Tummeatapam's counsel -- Hostile appearance at the forks -- Number of Indians -- Nez Perces fleet -- Fears of the whites -- Indian visit -- Strong guard -- Mr. Clarke -- Relic of the silver goblet -- Mr. Hunt at Astoria -- Face of affairs changed -- Mr. Hunt departs from Astoria -- North-West squadron -- a great Eri duped -- Bill of sale -- Petty manoeuvring -- Rumours of ships -- The Astorians at their post -- Bill signed -- Astoria delivered up -- North-West Company |
| Chaper XVI | Mr. Franchere -- Comecomly's anxiety -- His report of a sail -- His attachment to the Americans -- Laframboise, the interpreter -- Mr. M'Dougall's visit -- The Racoon sloop-of-war -- Comecomly grows partial to the British flag -- North-West partners -- British officers -- Astoria changed to Fort George -- Captain Black's character -- Mr. Hunt's voyage -- Commodore Porter -- Mr. Hunt leaves the Marquesas -- Arrival at the Sandwich Islands -- Rumours -- The ship Lark -- Eight persons perish -- Columbian affairs -- The property delivered -- No ice -- The people assembled -- Voyage -- The Cascade Banditti -- Two North-West canoes -- North-West affray at the cascades -- Mr. Stuart wounded -- Mr. Keith's conduct -- Preparations for war -- The great expedition -- Conduct of the Cath-le-yach-é-yach Indians -- Expeditions fails -- The effect -- Remarks |
| [xiv] Chapter XVII |
Party to the Wallamitte -- Hunt's voyage concluded -- The brig Pedlar -- M'Dougall suspected -- His character vindicated -- Mr. Hunt's remarks on the late concern -- His liberality -- His farewell address to the clerks -- Final departure from Columbia -- The party for Canada -- Efforts and disappointments -- Snake expedition -- The melancholy story of Pierre Dorion's wife -- Massacre of the Snake party -- Remarks -- A winter in the Blue Mountains -- List of casualties -- Astor's hopes disappointed -- Comment on the late concern |
| Chapter XVIII | Origin of the Oakinackens -- Religion -- Good Spirit -- Evil Spirit -- Ideas of a future state -- Ceremonies -- End of this world -- Extent of country -- Names and number of tribes -- Warriors -- Population -- Royal family -- the great chief, or Red Fox -- Wild hemp -- Long journeys -- Barter -- Emblem of royalty -- Government -- Indian ideas -- Council of chiefs -- Manners -- Employments -- Plurality of wives -- Brawls -- Dress and clothing -- Stratagems -- A savage in wolf's clothing -- Painted faces and sleek hair |
| Chapter XIX | Marriage contracts -- National custom -- Exchange of presents -- Customs on the occasion -- Feuds and quarrels -- Tla-quill-augh, or Indian doctor -- His office -- Precarious life -- Mode of paying him -- Manner of treating the sick -- Customs and ceremonies on the occasion -- Hard duty -- Superstitions -- Knowledge of roots and herbs -- Curing wounds -- Diseases, or general complaints -- Gambling -- Tsill-all-a-come, or the national game -- Manner of playing it -- Bets -- Gambling propensities -- Hot baths -- Manner of using them -- On what occasions -- Indian qualifications -- Gymnastic exercise -- Comparison -- General remarks |
| [xv] Chapter XX |
Social habits -- Winter habitations -- Economy of the winter -- Summer employments -- Collecting of food -- fish barriers -- Salmon -- Division of labour -- Roots and berries -- Scenes at the fish camp -- Mode of catching the deer -- Preparation of food -- Furnaces or ovens -- Implements of warfare -- Spampt, how made -- Pine moss -- Bread, how prepared -- Great war-dance -- Manner of fighting -- Treaties of peace -- Scalps -- Slaves -- Funeral ceremonies -- Mode of interment -- Graves -- Superstitions -- Emblems -- Customs -- Mourning -- Punishments -- Sedate habits and docile dispositions |
| Chapter XXI | Calculation of time -- Singular manner of naming children -- Peculiar modes of address -- Anecdote of an Indian chief -- Indian forbearance -- Conduct of the whites in Indian countries -- Comparison of crime between Indians and whites -- Manner of swaddling infants -- Hardships during infancy -- Savage customs -- Indian constitution -- Chief cause of scanty [Population -- A day's journey -- Calculation of distance -- Rough roads -- Indian ideas -- Social habits -- Some remarks on the system adopted for converting Indians to the Christian Faith |
| Appenidx | Chinook Vocabulary Table of the Weather at the Mouth of the Columbia |
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