Introduction
1. The Water Environment
The Hydrologic Cycle
Natural Conditions That Influence Water Quality
Geology
Climate
Human Activities That Affect Water Quality
Rivers and Streams
Lakes and Ponds
Wetlands
Bays and Estuaries
Oceans and Seas
Groundwater
Atmospheric Water
Summary
Additional Reading
2. Water Chemistry and Microbiology
The Water Molecule
Dissolved Oxygen and Temperature
pH
Organic Substances
Inorganic Substances
Solids
Nutrients
Toxics
Microorganisms
Summary
Additional Reading
3. Sources of Water Pollution
Stormwater Runoff
Domestic Discharges
Septic Systems
Sewage Treatment Plants
Industrial Discharges
Accidental Spills
Water Control Structures
Summary
Additional Reading
4. Preventing Water Pollution
Prevention
Natural Water Pollution Control Processes
Stormwater Treatment
Domestic Treatment
Spill Prevention and Cleanup
Summary
Additional Reading
5. Water Quality Regulations
Federal Regulations
Clean Water Act
Safe Drinking Water Act
National Environmental Policy Act
Endangered Species Act
State Environmental Policy Act
State Regulations
National Pollutant Discharge Elimination
System
Water Quality Standards
Water Quality Certification
Wetlands Protection
State Environmental Policy Act
Local Regulations
Construction Related Ordinances
Special District Ordinances
Summary
Additional Reading
6. The Watershed Approach
Watershed Characteristics
Activities Affecting Water Quality
Alternatives for Addressing Concerns
Monitoring the Watershed
Summary
Additional Reading
7. Drinking Water
Drinking Water Sources
Drinking Water Treatment
Drinking Water Concerns
Watershed Disturbances
Groundwater Contamination
Microbial Contamination
Chlorinated Organics
Copper and Lead
Drinking Water Standards
Summary
Additional Reading
8. Getting Personal about Clean Water
Water Quality at Home
Use Environmentally Friendly Cleaning
Products
Use Household Water Wisely
Use Household Energy Wisely
Compost Your Lawn Clippings, Yard
Debris, and Food Wastes
Recycle and reuse Household Goods
instead of Throwing Them in the Trash
Follow Good Car Maintenance Practices
Use Your Automobile Less and Use
It More Selectively
Be Mindful of Your Use of Pesticides,
Herbicides, and Fertilizers in Home Landscaping
Educate and Involve Your Children,
and Set a Good Example
Be Mindful of Runoff from Your Property
Public Involvement
Environmental Organizations
Internet Resources
Summary
Additional Reading
Glossary
Index
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