Dwarf Blue Japanese Stone Pine, Dwarf Blue Siberian Pine             PI-nus PU-mi-la

• Conifer, evergreen shrub, prostrate, broad growing, stout branches, needles gray-blue, slow growing (about 8 cm per year).
• Sun.
• Hardy to USDA Zone 3     Some consider 'Blue Dwarf' as the same plant introduced as 'Glauca' in 1943 by Hugo F. Hooftman, Boskoop, Holland.  P. pumila 'Glauca' received the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit in 1993.  If there is but one plant, 'Glauca' is the name used in Europe, whereas 'Blue Dwarf' is the name used in much of the US.  Van Geldern and van Hoey Smith (1996) consider 'Blue Dwarf' an "illegitimate name" for 'Glauca'.  A conifer grower in Oregon cosideres the two plants to be separate.  I have no information on the origin of 'Blue Dwarf'.  Does anyone know when and/or where the selection arose?