African Fisheries : Great Trends and Diagnostic Bilan of the last century
By Oumarou Njifonjou
ABSTRACT
The marine fish produced by the african coastal countries, combined to that of freshwater production of the continent is actually estimated to be 6 millions metric tons, corresponding only to 5 % of the total world production. Also, Africa's contribution to fisheries products (1,5 %) is insignificant compared to that of world commerce which is around 44 millions tons. This deplorable situation is due to a certain number of problems which includes among others, the relative biogenic poverty of african waters, the exploitation of african waters by foreign vessels, the total lack of catches effected by the african vessels out of thier regional boundaries, the lack of knowledge on the mastering of commercialisation and on veritable commercial politics of fisheries products, including quality assurance. And in addition to this, the almost inexistence of the aquaculture in the sub-saharian countries.
This paper analyses the african fisheries in the whole continent and presents general characters, notably the great stages of its evolution, fisheries resources, valorisation and consumption of fisheries products. The global analysis made here accords a priority to markets as well as to the framework of contribution of these products and tries, at this end of the 20th century, to give some great trends.
Facing the globalization phenomena, how will the new millennium be challenged by the african fisheries producers ? This analysis at the continental level brings out proposable field application and some different development perspectives for both artisanal and industrial fiheries subsectors.
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