Making Treaties Effective: Mechanisms Available for Inducing Compliance
By Ronald B. Mitchell
ABSTRACT
Why do some environmental treaties appear to be more effective than others? What factors determine why one treaty leads to prompt changes in behavior and corresponding improvements in the underlying problem while others seem to have no effect at all? This paper identifies three sets of factors that influence a treaty's effectiveness: the compliance mechanisms a regime uses, the structure of the problem the regime addresses, and the international and domestic forces that make up the context within which the regime must operate. The paper examines the experience of several treaties that have used different compliance mechanisms to explore their impact. Particular focus is placed on the contrast between the use of sanctions, rewards, and information as tools for influencing state and substate actor behavior.
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